1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)_exit.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 33.\" 34.Dd June 4, 1993 35.Dt EXIT 2 36.Os BSD 4 37.Sh NAME 38.Nm _exit 39.Nd terminate the calling process 40.Sh SYNOPSIS 41.Fd #include <unistd.h> 42.Ft void 43.Fn _exit "int status" 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45The 46.Fn _exit 47function 48terminates a process with the following consequences: 49.Bl -bullet 50.It 51All of the descriptors open in the calling process are closed. 52This may entail delays, for example, waiting for output to drain; 53a process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying. 54.It 55If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding 56.Xr wait 57call 58or catches the 59.Dv SIGCHLD 60signal, 61it is notified of the calling process's termination and 62the 63.Em status 64is set as defined by 65.Xr wait 2 . 66.It 67The parent process-ID of all of the calling process's existing child 68processes are set to 1; the initialization process 69(see the DEFINITIONS section of 70.Xr intro 2 ) 71inherits each of these processes. 72.It 73If the termination of the process causes any process group 74to become orphaned (usually because the parents of all members 75of the group have now exited; see 76.Dq orphaned process group 77in 78.Xr intro 2 ) , 79and if any member of the orphaned group is stopped, 80the 81.Dv SIGHUP 82signal and the 83.Dv SIGCONT 84signal are sent to all members of the newly-orphaned process group. 85.It 86If the process is a controlling process (see 87.Xr intro 2 ) , 88the 89.Dv SIGHUP 90signal is sent to the foreground process group of the controlling terminal, 91and all current access to the controlling terminal is revoked. 92.El 93.Pp 94Most C programs call the library routine 95.Xr exit 3 , 96which flushes buffers, closes streams, unlinks temporary files, etc., 97before 98calling 99.Fn _exit . 100.Sh RETURN VALUE 101.Fn _exit 102can never return. 103.Sh SEE ALSO 104.Xr fork 2 , 105.Xr sigvec 2 , 106.Xr wait 2 , 107.Xr exit 3 108.Sh STANDARDS 109The 110.Nm _exit 111function is defined by 112.St -p1003.1-88 . 113