xref: /freebsd-14.2/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c (revision eef52bbe)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Chris Torek.
9  *
10  * Copyright (c) 2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
11  *
12  * Portions of this software were developed by David Chisnall
13  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
14  *
15  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
16  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
17  * are met:
18  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
20  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
21  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
22  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
23  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vfprintf.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
42 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
43 /*
44  * Actual printf innards.
45  *
46  * This code is large and complicated...
47  */
48 
49 #include "namespace.h"
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 
52 #include <ctype.h>
53 #include <errno.h>
54 #include <limits.h>
55 #include <locale.h>
56 #include <stddef.h>
57 #include <stdint.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <wchar.h>
62 #include <printf.h>
63 
64 #include <stdarg.h>
65 #include "xlocale_private.h"
66 #include "un-namespace.h"
67 
68 #include "libc_private.h"
69 #include "local.h"
70 #include "fvwrite.h"
71 #include "printflocal.h"
72 
73 static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *, locale_t);
74 static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, locale_t, const char *, va_list) __printflike(3, 0)
75 	__noinline;
76 static char	*__wcsconv(wchar_t *, int);
77 
78 #define	CHAR	char
79 #include "printfcommon.h"
80 
81 struct grouping_state {
82 	char *thousands_sep;	/* locale-specific thousands separator */
83 	int thousep_len;	/* length of thousands_sep */
84 	const char *grouping;	/* locale-specific numeric grouping rules */
85 	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
86 	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
87 	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
88 };
89 
90 /*
91  * Initialize the thousands' grouping state in preparation to print a
92  * number with ndigits digits. This routine returns the total number
93  * of bytes that will be needed.
94  */
95 static int
96 grouping_init(struct grouping_state *gs, int ndigits, locale_t loc)
97 {
98 	struct lconv *locale;
99 
100 	locale = localeconv_l(loc);
101 	gs->grouping = locale->grouping;
102 	gs->thousands_sep = locale->thousands_sep;
103 	gs->thousep_len = strlen(gs->thousands_sep);
104 
105 	gs->nseps = gs->nrepeats = 0;
106 	gs->lead = ndigits;
107 	while (*gs->grouping != CHAR_MAX) {
108 		if (gs->lead <= *gs->grouping)
109 			break;
110 		gs->lead -= *gs->grouping;
111 		if (*(gs->grouping+1)) {
112 			gs->nseps++;
113 			gs->grouping++;
114 		} else
115 			gs->nrepeats++;
116 	}
117 	return ((gs->nseps + gs->nrepeats) * gs->thousep_len);
118 }
119 
120 /*
121  * Print a number with thousands' separators.
122  */
123 static int
124 grouping_print(struct grouping_state *gs, struct io_state *iop,
125 	       const CHAR *cp, const CHAR *ep, locale_t locale)
126 {
127 	const CHAR *cp0 = cp;
128 
129 	if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, gs->lead, zeroes, locale))
130 		return (-1);
131 	cp += gs->lead;
132 	while (gs->nseps > 0 || gs->nrepeats > 0) {
133 		if (gs->nrepeats > 0)
134 			gs->nrepeats--;
135 		else {
136 			gs->grouping--;
137 			gs->nseps--;
138 		}
139 		if (io_print(iop, gs->thousands_sep, gs->thousep_len, locale))
140 			return (-1);
141 		if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, *gs->grouping, zeroes, locale))
142 			return (-1);
143 		cp += *gs->grouping;
144 	}
145 	if (cp > ep)
146 		cp = ep;
147 	return (cp - cp0);
148 }
149 
150 /*
151  * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
152  * then reset it so that it can be reused.
153  */
154 static int
155 __sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio, locale_t locale)
156 {
157 	int err;
158 
159 	if (uio->uio_resid == 0) {
160 		uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
161 		return (0);
162 	}
163 	err = __sfvwrite(fp, uio);
164 	uio->uio_resid = 0;
165 	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
166 	return (err);
167 }
168 
169 /*
170  * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
171  * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
172  * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
173  */
174 static int
175 __sbprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
176 {
177 	int ret;
178 	FILE fake = FAKE_FILE;
179 	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];
180 
181 	/* XXX This is probably not needed. */
182 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
183 		return (EOF);
184 
185 	/* copy the important variables */
186 	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
187 	fake._file = fp->_file;
188 	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
189 	fake._write = fp->_write;
190 	fake._orientation = fp->_orientation;
191 	fake._mbstate = fp->_mbstate;
192 
193 	/* set up the buffer */
194 	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
195 	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
196 	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */
197 
198 	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
199 	ret = __vfprintf(&fake, locale, fmt, ap);
200 	if (ret >= 0 && __fflush(&fake))
201 		ret = EOF;
202 	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
203 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
204 	return (ret);
205 }
206 
207 /*
208  * Convert a wide character string argument for the %ls format to a multibyte
209  * string representation. If not -1, prec specifies the maximum number of
210  * bytes to output, and also means that we can't assume that the wide char.
211  * string ends is null-terminated.
212  */
213 static char *
214 __wcsconv(wchar_t *wcsarg, int prec)
215 {
216 	static const mbstate_t initial;
217 	mbstate_t mbs;
218 	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
219 	wchar_t *p;
220 	char *convbuf;
221 	size_t clen, nbytes;
222 
223 	/* Allocate space for the maximum number of bytes we could output. */
224 	if (prec < 0) {
225 		p = wcsarg;
226 		mbs = initial;
227 		nbytes = wcsrtombs(NULL, (const wchar_t **)&p, 0, &mbs);
228 		if (nbytes == (size_t)-1)
229 			return (NULL);
230 	} else {
231 		/*
232 		 * Optimisation: if the output precision is small enough,
233 		 * just allocate enough memory for the maximum instead of
234 		 * scanning the string.
235 		 */
236 		if (prec < 128)
237 			nbytes = prec;
238 		else {
239 			nbytes = 0;
240 			p = wcsarg;
241 			mbs = initial;
242 			for (;;) {
243 				clen = wcrtomb(buf, *p++, &mbs);
244 				if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1 ||
245 				    nbytes + clen > prec)
246 					break;
247 				nbytes += clen;
248 			}
249 		}
250 	}
251 	if ((convbuf = malloc(nbytes + 1)) == NULL)
252 		return (NULL);
253 
254 	/* Fill the output buffer. */
255 	p = wcsarg;
256 	mbs = initial;
257 	if ((nbytes = wcsrtombs(convbuf, (const wchar_t **)&p,
258 	    nbytes, &mbs)) == (size_t)-1) {
259 		free(convbuf);
260 		return (NULL);
261 	}
262 	convbuf[nbytes] = '\0';
263 	return (convbuf);
264 }
265 
266 /*
267  * MT-safe version
268  */
269 int
270 vfprintf_l(FILE * __restrict fp, locale_t locale, const char * __restrict fmt0,
271 		va_list ap)
272 {
273 	int ret;
274 	FIX_LOCALE(locale);
275 
276 	FLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE(fp);
277 	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
278 	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
279 	    fp->_file >= 0)
280 		ret = __sbprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
281 	else
282 		ret = __vfprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
283 	FUNLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE();
284 	return (ret);
285 }
286 int
287 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict fp, const char * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
288 {
289 	return vfprintf_l(fp, __get_locale(), fmt0, ap);
290 }
291 
292 /*
293  * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
294  * conversions, among other things.  We need enough space to
295  * write a uintmax_t in octal (plus one byte).
296  */
297 #if UINTMAX_MAX <= UINT64_MAX
298 #define	BUF	32
299 #else
300 #error "BUF must be large enough to format a uintmax_t"
301 #endif
302 
303 /*
304  * Non-MT-safe version
305  */
306 int
307 __vfprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const char *fmt0, va_list ap)
308 {
309 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
310 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
311 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
312 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
313 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
314 	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
315 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
316 	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
317 	int saved_errno;
318 	int error;
319 	char errnomsg[NL_TEXTMAX];
320 	char sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
321 	struct grouping_state gs; /* thousands' grouping info */
322 
323 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
324 	/*
325 	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
326 	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
327 	 *
328 	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
329 	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
330 	 *
331 	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
332 	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
333 	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
334 	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
335 	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
336 	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
337 	 */
338 	char *decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
339 	int decpt_len;		/* length of decimal_point */
340 	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
341 	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
342 		double dbl;
343 		long double ldbl;
344 	} fparg;
345 	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
346 	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
347 	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
348 	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
349 	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
350 	char expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
351 	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
352 #endif
353 	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
354 	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
355 	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
356 	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
357 	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
358 	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
359 	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
360 	const char *xdigs;     	/* digits for %[xX] conversion */
361 	struct io_state io;	/* I/O buffering state */
362 	char buf[BUF];		/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
363 	char ox[2];		/* space for 0x; ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
364 	union arg *argtable;    /* args, built due to positional arg */
365 	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
366 	int nextarg;            /* 1-based argument index */
367 	va_list orgap;          /* original argument pointer */
368 	char *convbuf;		/* wide to multibyte conversion result */
369 	int savserr;
370 
371 	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
372 	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
373 
374 	/* BEWARE, these `goto error' on error. */
375 #define	PRINT(ptr, len) { \
376 	if (io_print(&io, (ptr), (len), locale))	\
377 		goto error; \
378 }
379 #define	PAD(howmany, with) { \
380 	if (io_pad(&io, (howmany), (with), locale)) \
381 		goto error; \
382 }
383 #define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) {	\
384 	if (io_printandpad(&io, (p), (ep), (len), (with), locale)) \
385 		goto error; \
386 }
387 #define	FLUSH() { \
388 	if (io_flush(&io, locale)) \
389 		goto error; \
390 }
391 
392 	/*
393 	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
394 	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
395 	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
396 	 */
397 #define GETARG(type) \
398 	((argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
399 	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))
400 
401 	/*
402 	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
403 	 * argument extraction methods.
404 	 */
405 #define	SARG() \
406 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
407 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
408 	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
409 	    (long)GETARG(int))
410 #define	UARG() \
411 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
412 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
413 	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
414 	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
415 #define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
416 #define SJARG() \
417 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
418 	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ssize_t) : \
419 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
420 	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
421 #define	UJARG() \
422 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
423 	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
424 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
425 	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))
426 
427 	/*
428 	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
429 	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
430 	 */
431 #define GETASTER(val) \
432 	n2 = 0; \
433 	cp = fmt; \
434 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
435 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
436 		cp++; \
437 	} \
438 	if (*cp == '$') { \
439 		int hold = nextarg; \
440 		if (argtable == NULL) { \
441 			argtable = statargtable; \
442 			if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap, &argtable)) { \
443 				ret = EOF; \
444 				goto error; \
445 			} \
446 		} \
447 		nextarg = n2; \
448 		val = GETARG (int); \
449 		nextarg = hold; \
450 		fmt = ++cp; \
451 	} else { \
452 		val = GETARG (int); \
453 	}
454 
455 	if (__use_xprintf == 0 && getenv("USE_XPRINTF"))
456 		__use_xprintf = 1;
457 	if (__use_xprintf > 0)
458 		return (__xvprintf(fp, fmt0, ap));
459 
460 	/* sorry, fprintf(read_only_file, "") returns EOF, not 0 */
461 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0) {
462 		errno = EBADF;
463 		return (EOF);
464 	}
465 
466 	savserr = fp->_flags & __SERR;
467 	fp->_flags &= ~__SERR;
468 
469 	saved_errno = errno;
470 	convbuf = NULL;
471 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
472 	argtable = NULL;
473 	nextarg = 1;
474 	va_copy(orgap, ap);
475 	io_init(&io, fp);
476 	ret = 0;
477 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
478 	dtoaresult = NULL;
479 	decimal_point = localeconv_l(locale)->decimal_point;
480 	/* The overwhelmingly common case is decpt_len == 1. */
481 	decpt_len = (decimal_point[1] == '\0' ? 1 : strlen(decimal_point));
482 #endif
483 
484 	/*
485 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
486 	 */
487 	for (;;) {
488 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
489 			/* void */;
490 		if ((n = fmt - cp) != 0) {
491 			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
492 				ret = EOF;
493 				errno = EOVERFLOW;
494 				goto error;
495 			}
496 			PRINT(cp, n);
497 			ret += n;
498 		}
499 		if (ch == '\0')
500 			goto done;
501 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
502 
503 		flags = 0;
504 		dprec = 0;
505 		width = 0;
506 		prec = -1;
507 		gs.grouping = NULL;
508 		sign = '\0';
509 		ox[1] = '\0';
510 
511 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
512 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
513 		case ' ':
514 			/*-
515 			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
516 			 * flag will be ignored.''
517 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
518 			 */
519 			if (!sign)
520 				sign = ' ';
521 			goto rflag;
522 		case '#':
523 			flags |= ALT;
524 			goto rflag;
525 		case '*':
526 			/*-
527 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
528 			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
529 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
530 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
531 			 */
532 			GETASTER (width);
533 			if (width >= 0)
534 				goto rflag;
535 			width = -width;
536 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
537 		case '-':
538 			flags |= LADJUST;
539 			goto rflag;
540 		case '+':
541 			sign = '+';
542 			goto rflag;
543 		case '\'':
544 			flags |= GROUPING;
545 			goto rflag;
546 		case '.':
547 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
548 				GETASTER (prec);
549 				goto rflag;
550 			}
551 			prec = 0;
552 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
553 				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
554 				ch = *fmt++;
555 			}
556 			goto reswitch;
557 		case '0':
558 			/*-
559 			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
560 			 * beginning of a field width.''
561 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
562 			 */
563 			flags |= ZEROPAD;
564 			goto rflag;
565 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
566 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
567 			n = 0;
568 			do {
569 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
570 				ch = *fmt++;
571 			} while (is_digit(ch));
572 			if (ch == '$') {
573 				nextarg = n;
574 				if (argtable == NULL) {
575 					argtable = statargtable;
576 					if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap,
577 							      &argtable)) {
578 						ret = EOF;
579 						goto error;
580 					}
581 				}
582 				goto rflag;
583 			}
584 			width = n;
585 			goto reswitch;
586 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
587 		case 'L':
588 			flags |= LONGDBL;
589 			goto rflag;
590 #endif
591 		case 'h':
592 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
593 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
594 				flags |= CHARINT;
595 			} else
596 				flags |= SHORTINT;
597 			goto rflag;
598 		case 'j':
599 			flags |= INTMAXT;
600 			goto rflag;
601 		case 'l':
602 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
603 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
604 				flags |= LLONGINT;
605 			} else
606 				flags |= LONGINT;
607 			goto rflag;
608 		case 'q':
609 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
610 			goto rflag;
611 		case 't':
612 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
613 			goto rflag;
614 		case 'w':
615 			/*
616 			 * Fixed-width integer types.  On all platforms we
617 			 * support, int8_t is equivalent to char, int16_t
618 			 * is equivalent to short, int32_t is equivalent
619 			 * to int, int64_t is equivalent to long long int.
620 			 * Furthermore, int_fast8_t, int_fast16_t and
621 			 * int_fast32_t are equivalent to int, and
622 			 * int_fast64_t is equivalent to long long int.
623 			 */
624 			flags &= ~(CHARINT|SHORTINT|LONGINT|LLONGINT|INTMAXT);
625 			if (fmt[0] == 'f') {
626 				flags |= FASTINT;
627 				fmt++;
628 			} else {
629 				flags &= ~FASTINT;
630 			}
631 			if (fmt[0] == '8') {
632 				if (!(flags & FASTINT))
633 					flags |= CHARINT;
634 				else
635 					/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
636 				fmt += 1;
637 			} else if (fmt[0] == '1' && fmt[1] == '6') {
638 				if (!(flags & FASTINT))
639 					flags |= SHORTINT;
640 				else
641 					/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
642 				fmt += 2;
643 			} else if (fmt[0] == '3' && fmt[1] == '2') {
644 				/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
645 				fmt += 2;
646 			} else if (fmt[0] == '6' && fmt[1] == '4') {
647 				flags |= LLONGINT;
648 				fmt += 2;
649 			} else {
650 				if (flags & FASTINT) {
651 					flags &= ~FASTINT;
652 					fmt--;
653 				}
654 				goto invalid;
655 			}
656 			goto rflag;
657 		case 'z':
658 			flags |= SIZET;
659 			goto rflag;
660 		case 'B':
661 		case 'b':
662 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
663 				ujval = UJARG();
664 			else
665 				ulval = UARG();
666 			base = 2;
667 			/* leading 0b/B only if non-zero */
668 			if (flags & ALT &&
669 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
670 				ox[1] = ch;
671 			goto nosign;
672 			break;
673 		case 'C':
674 			flags |= LONGINT;
675 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
676 		case 'c':
677 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
678 				static const mbstate_t initial;
679 				mbstate_t mbs;
680 				size_t mbseqlen;
681 
682 				mbs = initial;
683 				mbseqlen = wcrtomb(cp = buf,
684 				    (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t), &mbs);
685 				if (mbseqlen == (size_t)-1) {
686 					fp->_flags |= __SERR;
687 					goto error;
688 				}
689 				size = (int)mbseqlen;
690 			} else {
691 				*(cp = buf) = GETARG(int);
692 				size = 1;
693 			}
694 			sign = '\0';
695 			break;
696 		case 'D':
697 			flags |= LONGINT;
698 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
699 		case 'd':
700 		case 'i':
701 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
702 				ujval = SJARG();
703 				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
704 					ujval = -ujval;
705 					sign = '-';
706 				}
707 			} else {
708 				ulval = SARG();
709 				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
710 					ulval = -ulval;
711 					sign = '-';
712 				}
713 			}
714 			base = 10;
715 			goto number;
716 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
717 		case 'a':
718 		case 'A':
719 			if (ch == 'a') {
720 				ox[1] = 'x';
721 				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
722 				expchar = 'p';
723 			} else {
724 				ox[1] = 'X';
725 				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
726 				expchar = 'P';
727 			}
728 			if (prec >= 0)
729 				prec++;
730 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
731 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
732 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
733 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
734 				dtoaresult = cp =
735 				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
736 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
737 			} else {
738 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
739 				dtoaresult = cp =
740 				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
741 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
742 			}
743 			if (prec < 0)
744 				prec = dtoaend - cp;
745 			if (expt == INT_MAX)
746 				ox[1] = '\0';
747 			goto fp_common;
748 		case 'e':
749 		case 'E':
750 			expchar = ch;
751 			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
752 				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
753 			else
754 				prec++;
755 			goto fp_begin;
756 		case 'f':
757 		case 'F':
758 			expchar = '\0';
759 			goto fp_begin;
760 		case 'g':
761 		case 'G':
762 			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
763 			if (prec == 0)
764 				prec = 1;
765 fp_begin:
766 			if (prec < 0)
767 				prec = DEFPREC;
768 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
769 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
770 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
771 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
772 				dtoaresult = cp =
773 				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
774 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
775 			} else {
776 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
777 				dtoaresult = cp =
778 				    dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
779 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
780 				if (expt == 9999)
781 					expt = INT_MAX;
782 			}
783 fp_common:
784 			if (signflag)
785 				sign = '-';
786 			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
787 				if (*cp == 'N') {
788 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "nan" : "NAN";
789 					sign = '\0';
790 				} else
791 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "inf" : "INF";
792 				size = 3;
793 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
794 				break;
795 			}
796 			flags |= FPT;
797 			ndig = dtoaend - cp;
798 			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
799 				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
800 					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
801 					expchar = '\0';
802 					if (flags & ALT)
803 						prec -= expt;
804 					else
805 						prec = ndig - expt;
806 					if (prec < 0)
807 						prec = 0;
808 				} else {
809 					/*
810 					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
811 					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
812 					 */
813 					if (!(flags & ALT))
814 						prec = ndig;
815 				}
816 			}
817 			if (expchar) {
818 				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
819 				size = expsize + prec;
820 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
821 					size += decpt_len;
822 			} else {
823 				/* space for digits before decimal point */
824 				if (expt > 0)
825 					size = expt;
826 				else	/* "0" */
827 					size = 1;
828 				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
829 				if (prec || flags & ALT)
830 					size += prec + decpt_len;
831 				if ((flags & GROUPING) && expt > 0)
832 					size += grouping_init(&gs, expt, locale);
833 			}
834 			break;
835 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
836 		case 'm':
837 			error = __strerror_rl(saved_errno, errnomsg,
838 			    sizeof(errnomsg), locale);
839 			cp = error == 0 ? errnomsg : "<strerror failure>";
840 			size = (prec >= 0) ? strnlen(cp, prec) : strlen(cp);
841 			sign = '\0';
842 			break;
843 		case 'n':
844 			/*
845 			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
846 			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
847 			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
848 			 */
849 			if (flags & LLONGINT)
850 				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
851 			else if (flags & SIZET)
852 				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
853 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
854 				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
855 			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
856 				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
857 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
858 				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
859 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
860 				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
861 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
862 				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
863 			else
864 				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
865 			continue;	/* no output */
866 		case 'O':
867 			flags |= LONGINT;
868 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
869 		case 'o':
870 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
871 				ujval = UJARG();
872 			else
873 				ulval = UARG();
874 			base = 8;
875 			goto nosign;
876 		case 'p':
877 			/*-
878 			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
879 			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
880 			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
881 			 * defined manner.''
882 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
883 			 */
884 			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
885 			base = 16;
886 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
887 			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
888 			ox[1] = 'x';
889 			goto nosign;
890 		case 'S':
891 			flags |= LONGINT;
892 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
893 		case 's':
894 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
895 				wchar_t *wcp;
896 
897 				if (convbuf != NULL)
898 					free(convbuf);
899 				if ((wcp = GETARG(wchar_t *)) == NULL)
900 					cp = "(null)";
901 				else {
902 					convbuf = __wcsconv(wcp, prec);
903 					if (convbuf == NULL) {
904 						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
905 						goto error;
906 					}
907 					cp = convbuf;
908 				}
909 			} else if ((cp = GETARG(char *)) == NULL)
910 				cp = "(null)";
911 			size = (prec >= 0) ? strnlen(cp, prec) : strlen(cp);
912 			sign = '\0';
913 			break;
914 		case 'U':
915 			flags |= LONGINT;
916 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
917 		case 'u':
918 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
919 				ujval = UJARG();
920 			else
921 				ulval = UARG();
922 			base = 10;
923 			goto nosign;
924 		case 'X':
925 			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
926 			goto hex;
927 		case 'x':
928 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
929 hex:
930 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
931 				ujval = UJARG();
932 			else
933 				ulval = UARG();
934 			base = 16;
935 			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
936 			if (flags & ALT &&
937 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
938 				ox[1] = ch;
939 
940 			flags &= ~GROUPING;
941 			/* unsigned conversions */
942 nosign:			sign = '\0';
943 			/*-
944 			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
945 			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
946 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
947 			 */
948 number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
949 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
950 
951 			/*-
952 			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
953 			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
954 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
955 			 *
956 			 * ``The C Standard is clear enough as is.  The call
957 			 * printf("%#.0o", 0) should print 0.''
958 			 *	-- Defect Report #151
959 			 */
960 			cp = buf + BUF;
961 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
962 				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
963 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
964 					cp = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
965 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
966 			} else {
967 				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
968 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
969 					cp = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
970 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
971 			}
972 			size = buf + BUF - cp;
973 			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
974 				abort();
975 			if ((flags & GROUPING) && size != 0)
976 				size += grouping_init(&gs, size, locale);
977 			break;
978 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
979 			if (ch == '\0')
980 				goto done;
981 invalid:
982 			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
983 			cp = buf;
984 			*cp = ch;
985 			size = 1;
986 			sign = '\0';
987 			break;
988 		}
989 
990 		/*
991 		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
992 		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
993 		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
994 		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
995 		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
996 		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
997 		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
998 		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
999 		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
1000 		 *
1001 		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
1002 		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
1003 		 */
1004 		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
1005 		if (sign)
1006 			realsz++;
1007 		if (ox[1])
1008 			realsz += 2;
1009 
1010 		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
1011 		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
1012 			ret = EOF;
1013 			errno = EOVERFLOW;
1014 			goto error;
1015 		}
1016 
1017 		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
1018 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
1019 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1020 
1021 		/* prefix */
1022 		if (sign)
1023 			PRINT(&sign, 1);
1024 
1025 		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
1026 			ox[0] = '0';
1027 			PRINT(ox, 2);
1028 		}
1029 
1030 		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
1031 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
1032 			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);
1033 
1034 		/* the string or number proper */
1035 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1036 		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
1037 #endif
1038 			/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
1039 			PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);
1040 			if (gs.grouping) {
1041 				if (grouping_print(&gs, &io, cp, buf+BUF, locale) < 0)
1042 					goto error;
1043 			} else {
1044 				PRINT(cp, size);
1045 			}
1046 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1047 		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
1048 			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
1049 				if (expt <= 0) {
1050 					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
1051 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1052 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
1053 					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
1054 					/* already handled initial 0's */
1055 					prec += expt;
1056 				} else {
1057 					if (gs.grouping) {
1058 						n = grouping_print(&gs, &io,
1059 						    cp, dtoaend, locale);
1060 						if (n < 0)
1061 							goto error;
1062 						cp += n;
1063 					} else {
1064 						PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend,
1065 						    expt, zeroes);
1066 						cp += expt;
1067 					}
1068 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1069 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
1070 				}
1071 				PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, prec, zeroes);
1072 			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
1073 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
1074 					PRINT(cp++, 1);
1075 					PRINT(decimal_point, decpt_len);
1076 					PRINT(cp, ndig-1);
1077 					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
1078 				} else	/* XeYYY */
1079 					PRINT(cp, 1);
1080 				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
1081 			}
1082 		}
1083 #endif
1084 		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
1085 		if (flags & LADJUST)
1086 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1087 
1088 		/* finally, adjust ret */
1089 		ret += prsize;
1090 
1091 		FLUSH();	/* copy out the I/O vectors */
1092 	}
1093 done:
1094 	FLUSH();
1095 error:
1096 	va_end(orgap);
1097 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1098 	if (dtoaresult != NULL)
1099 		freedtoa(dtoaresult);
1100 #endif
1101 	if (convbuf != NULL)
1102 		free(convbuf);
1103 	if (__sferror(fp))
1104 		ret = EOF;
1105 	else
1106 		fp->_flags |= savserr;
1107 	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
1108 		free (argtable);
1109 	return (ret);
1110 	/* NOTREACHED */
1111 }
1112 
1113