1*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric //===- SplitModule.cpp - Split a module into partitions -------------------===//
2*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric //
3*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric //
7*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric //
9*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // This file defines the function llvm::SplitModule, which splits a module
10*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // into multiple linkable partitions. It can be used to implement parallel code
11*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // generation for link-time optimization.
12*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric //
13*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
15*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/SplitModule.h"
16*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
17*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/EquivalenceClasses.h"
18*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h"
19*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
20*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
21*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Comdat.h"
22*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Constant.h"
23*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
24*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
25*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalAlias.h"
26*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalObject.h"
27*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalValue.h"
28*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalVariable.h"
29*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h"
30*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
31*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/User.h"
32*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Value.h"
33*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
34*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
35*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
36*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/MD5.h"
37*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
38*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Cloning.h"
39*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/ValueMapper.h"
40*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <algorithm>
41*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <cassert>
42*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <iterator>
43*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <memory>
44*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <queue>
45*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <utility>
46*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <vector>
47*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
48*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric using namespace llvm;
49*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
50*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric #define DEBUG_TYPE "split-module"
51*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
52*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric namespace {
53*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
54*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric using ClusterMapType = EquivalenceClasses<const GlobalValue *>;
55*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric using ComdatMembersType = DenseMap<const Comdat *, const GlobalValue *>;
56*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric using ClusterIDMapType = DenseMap<const GlobalValue *, unsigned>;
57*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
58*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric } // end anonymous namespace
59*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
addNonConstUser(ClusterMapType & GVtoClusterMap,const GlobalValue * GV,const User * U)60*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric static void addNonConstUser(ClusterMapType &GVtoClusterMap,
61*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                             const GlobalValue *GV, const User *U) {
62*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   assert((!isa<Constant>(U) || isa<GlobalValue>(U)) && "Bad user");
63*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
64*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (const Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(U)) {
65*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     const GlobalValue *F = I->getParent()->getParent();
66*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GVtoClusterMap.unionSets(GV, F);
67*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   } else if (const GlobalValue *GVU = dyn_cast<GlobalValue>(U)) {
68*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GVtoClusterMap.unionSets(GV, GVU);
69*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   } else {
70*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     llvm_unreachable("Underimplemented use case");
71*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
72*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
73*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
74*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Adds all GlobalValue users of V to the same cluster as GV.
addAllGlobalValueUsers(ClusterMapType & GVtoClusterMap,const GlobalValue * GV,const Value * V)75*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric static void addAllGlobalValueUsers(ClusterMapType &GVtoClusterMap,
76*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                                    const GlobalValue *GV, const Value *V) {
77*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (const auto *U : V->users()) {
78*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     SmallVector<const User *, 4> Worklist;
79*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     Worklist.push_back(U);
80*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     while (!Worklist.empty()) {
81*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       const User *UU = Worklist.pop_back_val();
82*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       // For each constant that is not a GV (a pure const) recurse.
83*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       if (isa<Constant>(UU) && !isa<GlobalValue>(UU)) {
84*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         Worklist.append(UU->user_begin(), UU->user_end());
85*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         continue;
86*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       }
87*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       addNonConstUser(GVtoClusterMap, GV, UU);
88*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
89*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
90*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
91*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
getGVPartitioningRoot(const GlobalValue * GV)92*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric static const GlobalObject *getGVPartitioningRoot(const GlobalValue *GV) {
93*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   const GlobalObject *GO = GV->getAliaseeObject();
94*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (const auto *GI = dyn_cast_or_null<GlobalIFunc>(GO))
95*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GO = GI->getResolverFunction();
96*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   return GO;
97*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
98*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
99*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Find partitions for module in the way that no locals need to be
100*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // globalized.
101*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Try to balance pack those partitions into N files since this roughly equals
102*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // thread balancing for the backend codegen step.
findPartitions(Module & M,ClusterIDMapType & ClusterIDMap,unsigned N)103*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric static void findPartitions(Module &M, ClusterIDMapType &ClusterIDMap,
104*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                            unsigned N) {
105*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // At this point module should have the proper mix of globals and locals.
106*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // As we attempt to partition this module, we must not change any
107*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // locals to globals.
108*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Partition module with (" << M.size() << ")functions\n");
109*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   ClusterMapType GVtoClusterMap;
110*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   ComdatMembersType ComdatMembers;
111*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
112*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   auto recordGVSet = [&GVtoClusterMap, &ComdatMembers](GlobalValue &GV) {
113*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (GV.isDeclaration())
114*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return;
115*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
116*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (!GV.hasName())
117*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       GV.setName("__llvmsplit_unnamed");
118*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
119*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // Comdat groups must not be partitioned. For comdat groups that contain
120*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // locals, record all their members here so we can keep them together.
121*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // Comdat groups that only contain external globals are already handled by
122*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // the MD5-based partitioning.
123*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (const Comdat *C = GV.getComdat()) {
124*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       auto &Member = ComdatMembers[C];
125*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       if (Member)
126*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         GVtoClusterMap.unionSets(Member, &GV);
127*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       else
128*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         Member = &GV;
129*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
130*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
131*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // Aliases should not be separated from their aliasees and ifuncs should
132*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // not be separated from their resolvers regardless of linkage.
133*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (const GlobalObject *Root = getGVPartitioningRoot(&GV))
134*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       if (&GV != Root)
135*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         GVtoClusterMap.unionSets(&GV, Root);
136*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
137*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (const Function *F = dyn_cast<Function>(&GV)) {
138*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       for (const BasicBlock &BB : *F) {
139*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         BlockAddress *BA = BlockAddress::lookup(&BB);
140*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         if (!BA || !BA->isConstantUsed())
141*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric           continue;
142*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         addAllGlobalValueUsers(GVtoClusterMap, F, BA);
143*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       }
144*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
145*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
146*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (GV.hasLocalLinkage())
147*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       addAllGlobalValueUsers(GVtoClusterMap, &GV, &GV);
148*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   };
149*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
150*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   llvm::for_each(M.functions(), recordGVSet);
151*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   llvm::for_each(M.globals(), recordGVSet);
152*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   llvm::for_each(M.aliases(), recordGVSet);
153*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
154*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // Assigned all GVs to merged clusters while balancing number of objects in
155*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // each.
156*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   auto CompareClusters = [](const std::pair<unsigned, unsigned> &a,
157*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                             const std::pair<unsigned, unsigned> &b) {
158*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (a.second || b.second)
159*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return a.second > b.second;
160*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     else
161*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return a.first > b.first;
162*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   };
163*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
164*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   std::priority_queue<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>,
165*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                       std::vector<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>>,
166*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                       decltype(CompareClusters)>
167*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       BalancinQueue(CompareClusters);
168*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // Pre-populate priority queue with N slot blanks.
169*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i)
170*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     BalancinQueue.push(std::make_pair(i, 0));
171*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
172*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   using SortType = std::pair<unsigned, ClusterMapType::iterator>;
173*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
174*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   SmallVector<SortType, 64> Sets;
175*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   SmallPtrSet<const GlobalValue *, 32> Visited;
176*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
177*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // To guarantee determinism, we have to sort SCC according to size.
178*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // When size is the same, use leader's name.
179*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (ClusterMapType::iterator I = GVtoClusterMap.begin(),
180*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                                 E = GVtoClusterMap.end(); I != E; ++I)
181*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (I->isLeader())
182*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       Sets.push_back(
183*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric           std::make_pair(std::distance(GVtoClusterMap.member_begin(I),
184*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                                        GVtoClusterMap.member_end()), I));
185*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
186*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   llvm::sort(Sets, [](const SortType &a, const SortType &b) {
187*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (a.first == b.first)
188*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return a.second->getData()->getName() > b.second->getData()->getName();
189*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     else
190*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return a.first > b.first;
191*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   });
192*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
193*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (auto &I : Sets) {
194*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     unsigned CurrentClusterID = BalancinQueue.top().first;
195*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     unsigned CurrentClusterSize = BalancinQueue.top().second;
196*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     BalancinQueue.pop();
197*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
198*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Root[" << CurrentClusterID << "] cluster_size("
199*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                       << I.first << ") ----> " << I.second->getData()->getName()
200*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                       << "\n");
201*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
202*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     for (ClusterMapType::member_iterator MI =
203*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric              GVtoClusterMap.findLeader(I.second);
204*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric          MI != GVtoClusterMap.member_end(); ++MI) {
205*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       if (!Visited.insert(*MI).second)
206*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         continue;
207*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "----> " << (*MI)->getName()
208*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric                         << ((*MI)->hasLocalLinkage() ? " l " : " e ") << "\n");
209*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       Visited.insert(*MI);
210*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       ClusterIDMap[*MI] = CurrentClusterID;
211*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       CurrentClusterSize++;
212*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
213*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // Add this set size to the number of entries in this cluster.
214*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     BalancinQueue.push(std::make_pair(CurrentClusterID, CurrentClusterSize));
215*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
216*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
217*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
externalize(GlobalValue * GV)218*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric static void externalize(GlobalValue *GV) {
219*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (GV->hasLocalLinkage()) {
220*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GV->setLinkage(GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage);
221*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GV->setVisibility(GlobalValue::HiddenVisibility);
222*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
223*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
224*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // Unnamed entities must be named consistently between modules. setName will
225*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // give a distinct name to each such entity.
226*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (!GV->hasName())
227*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GV->setName("__llvmsplit_unnamed");
228*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
229*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
230*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Returns whether GV should be in partition (0-based) I of N.
isInPartition(const GlobalValue * GV,unsigned I,unsigned N)231*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric static bool isInPartition(const GlobalValue *GV, unsigned I, unsigned N) {
232*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (const GlobalObject *Root = getGVPartitioningRoot(GV))
233*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GV = Root;
234*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
235*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   StringRef Name;
236*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (const Comdat *C = GV->getComdat())
237*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     Name = C->getName();
238*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   else
239*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     Name = GV->getName();
240*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
241*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // Partition by MD5 hash. We only need a few bits for evenness as the number
242*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // of partitions will generally be in the 1-2 figure range; the low 16 bits
243*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // are enough.
244*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   MD5 H;
245*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   MD5::MD5Result R;
246*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   H.update(Name);
247*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   H.final(R);
248*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   return (R[0] | (R[1] << 8)) % N == I;
249*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
250*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
SplitModule(Module & M,unsigned N,function_ref<void (std::unique_ptr<Module> MPart)> ModuleCallback,bool PreserveLocals)251*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric void llvm::SplitModule(
252*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     Module &M, unsigned N,
253*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     function_ref<void(std::unique_ptr<Module> MPart)> ModuleCallback,
254*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     bool PreserveLocals) {
255*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (!PreserveLocals) {
256*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     for (Function &F : M)
257*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       externalize(&F);
258*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     for (GlobalVariable &GV : M.globals())
259*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       externalize(&GV);
260*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     for (GlobalAlias &GA : M.aliases())
261*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       externalize(&GA);
262*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     for (GlobalIFunc &GIF : M.ifuncs())
263*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       externalize(&GIF);
264*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
265*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
266*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // This performs splitting without a need for externalization, which might not
267*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // always be possible.
268*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   ClusterIDMapType ClusterIDMap;
269*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   findPartitions(M, ClusterIDMap, N);
270*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
271*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // FIXME: We should be able to reuse M as the last partition instead of
272*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // cloning it. Note that the callers at the moment expect the module to
273*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // be preserved, so will need some adjustments as well.
274*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (unsigned I = 0; I < N; ++I) {
275*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     ValueToValueMapTy VMap;
276*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     std::unique_ptr<Module> MPart(
277*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         CloneModule(M, VMap, [&](const GlobalValue *GV) {
278*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric           if (ClusterIDMap.count(GV))
279*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric             return (ClusterIDMap[GV] == I);
280*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric           else
281*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric             return isInPartition(GV, I, N);
282*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric         }));
283*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (I != 0)
284*0b57cec5SDimitry Andric       MPart->setModuleInlineAsm("");
285     ModuleCallback(std::move(MPart));
286   }
287 }
288