xref: /freebsd-14.2/UPDATING (revision bedc8daa)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD stable/14.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <[email protected]>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
1520240218:
16	MFC of 713db49d06de changed 'struct ieee80211vap' internals in net80211.
17	Given we do not have enough spares and the struct is allocated by
18	drivers, all wireless drivers have to be recompiled.
19	__FreeBSD_version is updated to 1400509 to track this change.
20
2120240207:
22	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
23	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
24	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
25	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
26	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
27
2820240119:
29	Commit d34f4baaf138 changed the internal interface between
30	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
31	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, bump __FreeBSD_version
32	to 1400506.
33
3420231229:
35	Commit 925d9b3abac2 modified the internal API between
36	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.
37	As such, both of these modules need to be rebuilt from
38	sources.  Therefore, the __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
39	to 1400503.
40
4120231224:
42	Commits acc704b36192 and b8e137d8d32d both modified the
43	internal API between the kgssapi and krpc modules.
44	As such, both of these modules need to be rebuilt from
45	sources.
46	As such, __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1400502.
47
4820230924:
49	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
50	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
51
52
5320230924:
54	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
55	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
56	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
57	for these file moves:
58
59		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
60		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
61		pkg upgrade -y
62
6320230824:
64	__FreeBSD_version 1400097 after the branching stable/14 from main.
65
6620230817:
67	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
68	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
69	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
70	configuration.
71
72	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
73	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
74	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
75	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
76	with the serial port at 115200.
77
7820230807:
79	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
80	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
81	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
82	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
83	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
84
8520230803:
86	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
87	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
88
8920230724:
90	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
91	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
92	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
93	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
94	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
95
9620230629:
97	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
98	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
99	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
100	file a PR and assign it to imp.
101
10220230623:
103	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
104	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
105	after upgrading.
106
10720230619:
108	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
109	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
110	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
111	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
112
113		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
114		service pf restart
115
116	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
117	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
118
11920230613:
120	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
121	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
122	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
123	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
124	already properly quoted or escaped.
125
12620230612:
127	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
128	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
129	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
130	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
131	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
132	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
133	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
134	please email [email protected] about why.
135
136	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
137	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
138
13920230422:
140	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
141	using git instead.
142
14320230420:
144	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
145	eg.
146		make buildworld-jobs
147	runs
148		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
149
150	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
151
15220230316:
153	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
154	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
155	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
156	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
157	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
158	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
159	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
160	exist anymore.
161
16220230221:
163	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
164	for details.
165
16620230206:
167	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
168	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
169	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
170
17120230204:
172	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
173	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
174
17520230130:
176	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
177	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
178	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
179
18020230126:
181	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
182	system are now built unconditionally.
183
18420230113:
185	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
186	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
187
18820221212:
189	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
190	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
191
192	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
193	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
194	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
195
19620221205:
197	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
198	to reenable sendmail(8):
199
200	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
201
202	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
203
20420221204:
205	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
206	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
207	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
208	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
209	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
210	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
211
212	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
213
21420221122:
215	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
216	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
217	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
218
21920221121:
220	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
221	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
222
22320221026:
224	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
225	for pkgbase users to do:
226
227	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
228	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
229
230	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
231	installed.
232
23320221002:
234	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
235	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
236	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
237	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
238
23920220610:
240	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
241	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
242
24320211230:
244	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
245	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
246	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
247	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
248	reflect this change.
249
25020211214:
251	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
252	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
253
25420211209:
255	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
256	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
257	the coming days and weeks.
258
259	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
260	or touch
261		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
262		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
263		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
264		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
265	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
266
26720211202:
268	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
269	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
270	statement in unbound.conf:
271		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
272
273	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
274
275	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
276	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
277	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
278	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
279	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
280	such names when roaming to different homenets.
281
28220211110:
283	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
284	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
285	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
286	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
287	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
288	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
289	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
290	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
291	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
292	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
293	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
294
29520211118:
296	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
297	tree shortly.
298
29920211106:
300	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
301	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
302	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
303	may need to be modified.
304
30520211022:
306	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
307	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
308	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
309
31020211020:
311	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
312	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
313
314	# chsh -s csh
315
31620211004:
317	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
318	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
319	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
320	this change.
321
32220210923:
323	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
324	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
325	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
326	list of modules to load on their systems.
327
32820210922:
329	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
330	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
331	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
332	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
333
33420210911:
335	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
336	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
337	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
338	being loaded.
339
34020210817:
341	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
342	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
343	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
344	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
345	application-specific configuration option for applications
346	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
347
34820210811:
349	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
350	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
351
35220210730:
353	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
354	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
355	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
356	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
357
35820210729:
359	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
360	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
361	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
362
36320210716:
364	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
365	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
366	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
367
36820210715:
369	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
370	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
371	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
372	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
373	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
374	to update your sources past the above hash and do
375		% cd usr.bin/awk
376		% make clean all
377		% sudo -E make install
378	to enable building kernels again.
379
38020210708:
381	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
382	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
383	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
384
38520210707:
386	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
387	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
388
38920210624:
390	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
391	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
392	for NFSv4 mounts.
393	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
394
39520210618:
396	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
397	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
398	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
399	additions and others.
400
40120210618:
402	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
403	renamed to "untrusted".
404
40520210611:
406	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
407	please install the svn package or port.
408
40920210611:
410	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
411	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
412	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
413
41420210610:
415	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
416
41720210608:
418	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
419	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
420https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
421	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
422	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
423	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
424	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
425
42620210525:
427	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
428	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
429	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
430	detect this.
431
43220210513:
433	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
434	libraries and utilities are packaged.
435	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
436	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
437	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
438	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
439	on the system.
440
44120210426:
442	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
443	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
444	need to be rebuilt from sources.
445	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
446	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
447	is not recommended.
448
44920210411:
450	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
451	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
452	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
453	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
454	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
455	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
456
45720210330:
458	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
459	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
460	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
461	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
462
46320210225:
464	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
465	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
466	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
467
46820210128:
469	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
470	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
471	update.
472
47320210108:
474	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
475	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
476	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
477	since it was bumped so recently.
478
47920210107:
480	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
481	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
482	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
483	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
484
48520210105:
486	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
487	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
488	requires a clean build.
489
49020201223:
491	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
492	instructions can be found at
493	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
494	and other documents in that repo.
495
49620201216:
497	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
498	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
499	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
500	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
501
50220201215:
503	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
504	may be installed from ports or packages.
505
50620201124:
507	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
508	See ping(8) for details.
509
51020201108:
511	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
512	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
513	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
514
51520201030:
516	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
517	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
518	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
519	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
520	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
521
52220201026:
523	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
524	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
525	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
526	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
527	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
528	find.
529
53020200923:
531	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
532	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
533	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
534	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
535
536	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
537	command you want to un-auger the tree is
538		cd sys/amd64/conf
539		svn revert -R .
540	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
541	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
542
54320200824:
544	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
545	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
546	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
547	unless you  want to use new features.
548
549	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
550	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
551	rebuilding world may fail.
552
553	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
554	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
555
556	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
557	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
558	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
559	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
560
56120200824:
562	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
563	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
564	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
565	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
566
56720200821:
568	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
569	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
570	sources.
571
57220200817:
573	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
574	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
575
57620200816:
577	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
578	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
579	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
580	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
581
58220200810:
583	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
584	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
585	from sources, so a version bump was done.
586
58720200807:
588	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
589	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
590	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
591	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
592
59320200729:
594	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
595	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
596	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
597	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
598	continue to function.
599
600	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
601	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
602	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
603	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
604
60520200627:
606	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
607	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
608	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
609	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
610	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
611	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
612	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
613
61420200625:
615	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
616	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
617
61820200613:
619	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
620	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
621	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
622
62320200604:
624	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
625	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
626	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
627	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
628
629	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
630	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
631	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
632	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
633	/root/.shrc.
634
63520200523:
636	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
637	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
638	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
639	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
640
64120200512:
642	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
643	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
644
64520200424:
646	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
647	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
648	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
649	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
650	be functional without closefrom(2).
651
65220200414:
653	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
654	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
655	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
656	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
657	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
658	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
659
66020200310:
661	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
662	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
663	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
664	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
665
66620200309:
667	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
668	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
669	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
670
67120200301:
672	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
673
67420200229:
675	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
676	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
677	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
678
67920200229:
680	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
681	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
682
68320200229:
684	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
685	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
686	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
687	ports or packages.
688
68920200220:
690	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
691	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
692	ncurses.
693
69420200217:
695	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
696	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
697	together with their new kernel.
698
69920200212:
700	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
701	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
702	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
703
704	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
705	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
706
70720200108:
708	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
709	linker for riscv64.
710
71120200107:
712	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
713	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
714	external toolchain package.
715
71620200104:
717	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
718	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
719	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
720	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
721	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
722
72320200102:
724	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
725	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
726	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
727	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
728
72920191226:
730	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
731	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
732	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
733	ABI.
734
73520191226:
736	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
737
73820191222:
739	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
740	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
741	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
742	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
743
74420191212:
745	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
746	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
747	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
748
74920191205:
750	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
751	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
752	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
753	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
754	differences between those included in the port and those included in
755	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
756	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
757	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
758
75920191120:
760	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
761	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
762	for automounting.
763
76420191107:
765	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
766	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
767	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
768	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
769	add superio to the set.
770
77120191021:
772	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
773	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
774
77520191021:
776	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
777	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
778	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
779	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
780	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
781	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
782	completely in the future.
783
78420191009:
785	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
786	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
787	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
788	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
789	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
790	will be removed from the list.
791
79220191009:
793	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
794	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
795	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
796	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
797
79820191003:
799	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
800	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
801	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
802	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
803
80420190913:
805	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
806	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
807	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
808	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
809
81020190823:
811	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
812	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
813	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
814
81520190727:
816	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
817	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
818	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
819	your scripts, because they had no effect.
820
821	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
822	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
823	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
824	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
825	a non-default value, please tell [email protected] why.
826
82720190713:
828	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
829	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
830	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
831	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
832	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
833	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
834	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
835
83620190620:
837	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
838	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
839	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
840	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
841
84220190612:
843	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
844	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
845	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
846	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
847
84820190608:
849	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
850	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
851	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
852
85320190513:
854	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
855	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
856	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
857	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
858	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
859	avoid running into the limit.
860
86120190507:
862	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
863	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
864
86520190507:
866	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
867	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
868	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
869	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
870	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
871	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
872
87320190418:
874	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
875	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
876	entropy:
877
878	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
879	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
880	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
881	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
882	availability properties.
883
884	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
885	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
886	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
887	initial condition, if desired.
888
889	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
890	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
891
892	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
893	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
894	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
895	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
896
89720190416:
898	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
899	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
900	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
901	therefore unblocked).
902
90320190404:
904	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
905	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
906	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
907	is added to the command line.
908	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
909	not affected and should continue to work.
910
91120190320:
912	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
913	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
914	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
915	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
916
91720190304:
918	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
919	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
920	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
921	or higher.
922
92320190226:
924	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
925	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
926	kernel config.
927
92820190219:
929	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
930	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
931	migrating to the drm ports.
932
93320190131:
934	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
935	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
936	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
937	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
938	is loaded automatically.
939
94020190125:
941	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
942	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
943	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
944	kernel config files.
945
94620181230:
947	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
948	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
949	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
950	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
951
95220181220:
953	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
954	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
955	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
956	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
957	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
958	most NFSv4 mounts.
959
96020181219:
961	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
962	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
963	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
964
965	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
966	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
967
968	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
969	removed from the mips port.
970
97120181211:
972	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
973	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
974	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
975	or higher.
976
97720181211:
978	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
979	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
980
98120181126:
982	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
983	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
984	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
985	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
986
98720181123:
988	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
989	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
990	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
991
99220181115:
993	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
994	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
995	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
996	FreeBSD versions.
997
99820181110:
999	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1000	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1001	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1002
1003	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1004	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1005	being included using the command:
1006		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1007
100820181015:
1009	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1010	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1011	drm-legacy-kmod.
1012
1013	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1014	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1015	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1016	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1017	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1018	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1019	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1020	that as you will get better support.
1021
1022	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1023	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1024	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1025	asap and report any issues to [email protected].
1026
1027	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1028	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1029	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1030	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1031	shortly.
1032
103320181012:
1034	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1035	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1036	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1037	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1038	be adjusted as necessary.
1039
104020181009:
1041	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1042	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1043	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1044	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1045
104620181006:
1047	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1048	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1049	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1050	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1051	encouraged.
1052
105320181002:
1054	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1055	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1056	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1057	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1058	nda device name.
1059
106020180913:
1061	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1062	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1063	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1064	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1065	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1066	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1067
106820180826:
1069	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1070	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1071	default since FreeBSD-11.
1072
107320180822:
1074	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1075	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1076	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1077
107820180818:
1079	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1080	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1081	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1082	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1083	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1084	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1085	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1086
1087	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1088	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1089
109020180815:
1091	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1092	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1093	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1094	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1095	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1096	may not be observed in a future release.
1097
109820180808:
1099	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1100	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1101	your environment.
1102
110320180731:
1104	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1105	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1106	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1107	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1108
110920180730:
1110	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1111	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1112	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1113	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1114	runtime services.
1115
111620180727:
1117	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1118	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1119	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1120
112120180723:
1122	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1123	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1124	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1125	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1126	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1127
112820180720:
1129	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1130	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1131	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1132	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1133	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1134	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1135
113620180719:
1137	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1138	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1139	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1140	boot_serial=YES
1141	boot_multicons=YES
1142	in /boot/loader.conf
1143	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1144	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1145	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1146
114720180719:
1148	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1149	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1150	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1151	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1152	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1153	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1154	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1155	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1156	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1157	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1158	by the ntpd user.
1159
116020180717:
1161	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1162
116320180711:
1164	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1165	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1166	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1167	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1168	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1169
117020180705:
1171	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1172	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1173	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1174	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1175	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1176	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1177
117820180702:
1179	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1180	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1181
118220180701:
1183	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1184	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1185	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1186	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1187	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1188	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1189	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1190
119120180630:
1192	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1193	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1194	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1195	or higher.
1196
119720180628:
1198	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1199	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1200	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1201	file.
1202
120320180612:
1204	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1205	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1206
120720180530:
1208	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1209	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1210	longer necessary.
1211
121220180530:
1213	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1214	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1215	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1216	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1217
121820180523:
1219	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1220	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1221	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1222	later than r334108.
1223
122420180517:
1225	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1226	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1227	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1228	it must be removed.
1229
123020180510:
1231	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1232	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1233	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1234	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1235	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1236	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1237	will go away.
1238
1239	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1240	workaround is necessary.
1241
124220180508:
1243	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1244	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1245	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1246	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1247
124820180504:
1249	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1250	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1251	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1252	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1253	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1254
125520180502:
1256	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1257	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1258	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1259	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1260
126120180501:
1262	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1263	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1264	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1265	be removed.
1266
126720180413:
1268	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1269	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1270	removed.
1271
127220180411:
1273	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1274	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1275	removed.
1276
127720180406:
1278	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1279	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1280	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1281	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1282	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1283
1284	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1285	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1286	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1287	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1288	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1289	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1290	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1291
1292	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1293	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1294
1295		source src {
1296			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1297		}
1298
1299	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1300	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1301	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1302
1303		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1304
1305	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1306	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1307	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1308	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1309	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1310	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1311	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1312
1313	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1314	change.
1315
131620180328:
1317	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1318	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1319	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1320
132120180323:
1322	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1323	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1324	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1325	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1326	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1327	should be as simple as:
1328
1329		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1330		$ make depend all install
1331
133220180212:
1333	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1334	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1335	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1336	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1337	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1338	provisions for backup boot methods.
1339
134020180211:
1341	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1342	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1343	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1344	[email protected].
1345
134620180114:
1347	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1348	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1349	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1350	or higher.
1351
135220180110:
1353	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1354	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1355	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1356
1357	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1358	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1359
136020180110:
1361	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1362	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1363	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1364	remove it from kernel config files.
1365
136620180104:
1367	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1368	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1369	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1370
1371	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1372	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1373
137420180102:
1375	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1376	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1377	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1378	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1379
138020171215:
1381	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1382	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1383
138420171214:
1385	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1386	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1387	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1388	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1389
139020171125:
1391	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1392	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1393	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1394	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1395	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1396	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1397
139820171110:
1399	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1400	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1401	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1402
140320171106:
1404	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1405	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1406	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1407	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1408	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1409
141020171102:
1411	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1412	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1413	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1414	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1415	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1416	environment.
1417
141820171101:
1419	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1420	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1421	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1422	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1423	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1424	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1425	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1426	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1427	than hardcoding paths.
1428
142920171028:
1430	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1431	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1432	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1433
143420171021:
1435	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1436	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1437	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1438	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1439
144020171010:
1441	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1442	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1443
144420171005:
1445	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1446	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1447	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1448	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1449
145020171003:
1451	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1452	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1453	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1454	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1455	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1456
145720170912:
1458	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1459	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1460	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1461	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1462	/etc/ctl.conf .
1463
146420170912:
1465	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1466	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1467	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1468	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1469	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1470
147120170826:
1472	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1473	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1474
147520170825:
1476	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1477	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1478	to complete.
1479
148020170814:
1481	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1482	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1483	${TESTSDIR}.
1484
1485	Behavioral changes:
1486	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1487	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1488	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1489	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1490
1491	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1492	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1493	sandbox if successful.
1494
1495	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1496	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1497	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1498	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1499	an unprivileged user.
1500
150120170808:
1502	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1503	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1504	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1505	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1506	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1507	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1508	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1509	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1510	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1511	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1512	to which you should answer yes.
1513
151420170728:
1515	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1516	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1517	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1518	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1519	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1520
152120170722:
1522	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1523	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1524	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1525
152620170701:
1527	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1528	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1529
153020170625:
1531	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1532	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1533	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1534	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1535	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1536	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1537	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1538
153920170623:
1540	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1541	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1542	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1543	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1544	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1545	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1546
154720170620:
1548	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1549	if you require the GPL compiler.
1550
155120170618:
1552	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1553	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1554	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1555
155620170617:
1557	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1558	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1559	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1560	followed.
1561
156220170531:
1563	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1564	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1565	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1566	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1567	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1568	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1569
157020170524:
1571	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1572	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1573	which only require one chipset support.
1574
1575	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1576
1577	if_ath_load="YES"
1578
1579	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1580	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1581	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1582
1583	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1584	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1585
1586	* load ath_hal
1587	* load the chip modules in question
1588	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1589	* load ath_main
1590	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1591	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1592
1593	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1594
159520170523:
1596	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1597	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1598	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1599
1600	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1601	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1602	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1603
1604	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1605	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1606	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1607	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1608	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1609	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1610	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1611	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1612
161320170424:
1614	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1615	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1616	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1617
161820170420:
1619	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1620	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1621	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1622
162320170413:
1624	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1625	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1626	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1627	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1628	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1629	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1630	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1631
163220170407:
1633	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1634	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1635	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1636	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1637
163820170405:
1639	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1640	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1641	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1642
164320170331:
1644	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1645	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1646	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1647
164820170329:
1649	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1650	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1651
1652	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1653	via one of the following methods:
1654	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1655	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1656	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1657	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1658
1659	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1660
166120170316:
1662	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1663	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1664	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1665	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1666	with mmc.ko).
1667
166820170315:
1669	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1670	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1671	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1672	be prefixed with colon.
1673
167420170311:
1675	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1676	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1677	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1678
167920170302:
1680	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1681	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1682	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1683
168420170221:
1685	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1686	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1687	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1688	change.
1689
169020170216:
1691	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1692	valid.
1693
169420170215:
1695	MCA bus support has been removed.
1696
169720170127:
1698	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1699	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1700
170120170112:
1702	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1703	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1704
170520170109:
1706	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1707	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1708	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1709	configuration.
1710
171120161217:
1712	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1713	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1714	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1715
171620161124:
1717	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1718	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1719	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1720
172120161119:
1722	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1723	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1724	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1725
172620161030:
1727	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1728	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1729	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1730	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1731
173220161017:
1733	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1734	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1735	parts.
1736	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1737	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1738
173920161015:
1740	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1741	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1742	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1743	removed from base.
1744
174520161008:
1746	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1747	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1748	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1749
175020161003:
1751	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1752	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1753
175420160924:
1755	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1756	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1757	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1758	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1759
176020160918:
1761	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1762	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1763	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1764	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1765	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1766
176720160918:
1768	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1769
177020160908:
1771	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1772	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1773	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1774	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1775
177620160824:
1777	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1778	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1779	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1780	to 1200005.
1781
178220160818:
1783	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1784	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1785	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1786	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1787	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1788	0.
1789
179020160818:
1791	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1792	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1793
179420160708:
1795	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1796
1797After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1798from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1799entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1800UPDATING file.
1801
1802COMMON ITEMS:
1803
1804	General Notes
1805	-------------
1806	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1807	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1808	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1809	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1810	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1811	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1812	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1813	report a bug if it happens consistently.
1814
1815	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1816	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1817	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1818	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1819	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1820	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1821	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1822	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1823	an exception.
1824
1825	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1826	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1827	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1828	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1829	step.
1830
1831	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1832	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1833	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1834	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1835
1836	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1837	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1838	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1839	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1840	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1841	should write them with this in mind.
1842
1843	ZFS notes
1844	---------
1845	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
1846	always follow these three steps:
1847
1848	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1849	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1850
1851	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
1852	doing a zpool upgrade):
1853
1854	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
1855	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1856		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
1857	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
1858
1859	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
1860	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
1861	zpool upgrade.
1862
1863	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1864
1865	EFI notes
1866	---------
1867
1868	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
1869	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
1870	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
1871	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
1872	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
1873	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
1874	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
1875	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
1876
1877	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
1878	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
1879	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
1880	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
1881
1882	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
1883	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
1884	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
1885	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
1886
1887	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
1888
1889	To build a kernel
1890	-----------------
1891	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1892	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1893	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1894
1895	make kernel-toolchain
1896	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1897	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1898
1899	To test a kernel once
1900	---------------------
1901	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1902	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1903	debugging information) run
1904	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1905	nextboot -k testkernel
1906
1907	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1908	-----------------------------------------------------------
1909	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1910	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1911
1912	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1913	make buildworld
1914	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1915	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1916							[1]
1917	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1918	etcupdate -p					[5]
1919	make installworld
1920	etcupdate -B					[4]
1921	make delete-old					[6]
1922	<reboot>
1923
1924	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1925	--------------------------------------------------
1926	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1927	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1928	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1929	# size.
1930
1931	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1932	<boot into -stable>
1933	make buildworld
1934	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1935	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1936	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1937	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1938	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1939	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1940	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1941	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1942	<reboot into current>
1943	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1944	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1945	<reboot>
1946
1947
1948	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1949	----------------------------------------------
1950	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1951	make buildworld					[9]
1952	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1953	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1954							[1]
1955	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1956	etcupdate -p					[5]
1957	make installworld
1958	etcupdate -B					[4]
1959	make delete-old					[6]
1960	<reboot>
1961
1962	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1963	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1964	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1965	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1966	the UPDATING entries.
1967
1968	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1969	[email protected].  Make sure that before you update
1970	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1971	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1972	much fewer pitfalls.
1973
1974	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
1975	them at this point so they don't crash your system on
1976	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
1977	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
1978	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
1979	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
1980	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
1981	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
1982	and effective, eg:
1983	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
1984
1985	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1986		fsck -p
1987		mount -u /
1988		mount -a
1989		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1990		cd src			# full path to source
1991		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1992	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
1993	into single user mode to do the installworld.
1994
1995	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1996	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1997	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1998	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1999	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2000	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2001
2002	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2003	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2004	step.
2005
2006	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2007	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2008	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2009
2010	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2011	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2012	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2013	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2014	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2015	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2016	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2017	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2018
2019	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2020	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2021	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2022	for these as well.
2023
2024	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2025	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2026	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2027
2028	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2029	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2030	warn if it is improperly defined.
2031FORMAT:
2032
2033This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2034breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2035list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2036If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2037to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2038
2039Copyright information:
2040
2041Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <[email protected]>
2042
2043Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2044modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2045document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2046
2047THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2048IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2049WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2050DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2051INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2052(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2053SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2054HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2055STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2056IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2057POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2058
2059Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2060this document.
2061