1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)chdir.2 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd December 11, 1993 36.Dt CHDIR 2 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm chdir , 40.Nm fchdir 41.Nd change current working directory 42.Sh LIBRARY 43.Lb libc 44.Sh SYNOPSIS 45.In unistd.h 46.Ft int 47.Fn chdir "const char *path" 48.Ft int 49.Fn fchdir "int fd" 50.Sh DESCRIPTION 51The 52.Fa path 53argument points to the pathname of a directory. 54The 55.Fn chdir 56system call 57causes the named directory 58to become the current working directory, that is, 59the starting point for path searches of pathnames not beginning with 60a slash, 61.Ql / . 62.Pp 63The 64.Fn fchdir 65system call 66causes the directory referenced by 67.Fa fd 68to become the current working directory, 69the starting point for path searches of pathnames not beginning with 70a slash, 71.Ql / . 72.Pp 73In order for a directory to become the current directory, 74a process must have execute (search) access to the directory. 75.Sh RETURN VALUES 76.Rv -std 77.Sh ERRORS 78The 79.Fn chdir 80system call 81will fail and the current working directory will be unchanged if 82one or more of the following are true: 83.Bl -tag -width Er 84.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 85A component of the path prefix is not a directory. 86.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG 87A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters, 88or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters. 89.It Bq Er ENOENT 90The named directory does not exist. 91.It Bq Er ELOOP 92Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname. 93.It Bq Er EACCES 94Search permission is denied for any component of 95the path name. 96.It Bq Er EFAULT 97The 98.Fa path 99argument 100points outside the process's allocated address space. 101.It Bq Er EIO 102An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system. 103.El 104.Pp 105The 106.Fn fchdir 107system call 108will fail and the current working directory will be unchanged if 109one or more of the following are true: 110.Bl -tag -width Er 111.It Bq Er EACCES 112Search permission is denied for the directory referenced by the 113file descriptor. 114.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 115The file descriptor does not reference a directory. 116.It Bq Er EBADF 117The argument 118.Fa fd 119is not a valid file descriptor. 120.El 121.Sh SEE ALSO 122.Xr chroot 2 123.Sh STANDARDS 124The 125.Fn chdir 126system call is expected to conform to 127.St -p1003.1-90 . 128.Sh HISTORY 129The 130.Fn chdir 131system call appeared in 132.At v7 . 133The 134.Fn fchdir 135system call appeared in 136.Bx 4.2 . 137