10b57cec5SDimitry Andric //===- SplitModule.cpp - Split a module into partitions -------------------===//
20b57cec5SDimitry Andric //
30b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
40b57cec5SDimitry Andric // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
50b57cec5SDimitry Andric // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
60b57cec5SDimitry Andric //
70b57cec5SDimitry Andric //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
80b57cec5SDimitry Andric //
90b57cec5SDimitry Andric // This file defines the function llvm::SplitModule, which splits a module
100b57cec5SDimitry Andric // into multiple linkable partitions. It can be used to implement parallel code
110b57cec5SDimitry Andric // generation for link-time optimization.
120b57cec5SDimitry Andric //
130b57cec5SDimitry Andric //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
140b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
150b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/SplitModule.h"
160b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
170b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/EquivalenceClasses.h"
180b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h"
190b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
200b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
210b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Comdat.h"
220b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Constant.h"
230b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
240b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
250b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalAlias.h"
260b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalObject.h"
270b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalIndirectSymbol.h"
280b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalValue.h"
290b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/GlobalVariable.h"
300b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h"
310b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
320b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/User.h"
330b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/IR/Value.h"
340b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
350b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
360b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
370b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/MD5.h"
380b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
390b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Cloning.h"
400b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/ValueMapper.h"
410b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <algorithm>
420b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <cassert>
430b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <iterator>
440b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <memory>
450b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <queue>
460b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <utility>
470b57cec5SDimitry Andric #include <vector>
480b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
490b57cec5SDimitry Andric using namespace llvm;
500b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
510b57cec5SDimitry Andric #define DEBUG_TYPE "split-module"
520b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
530b57cec5SDimitry Andric namespace {
540b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
550b57cec5SDimitry Andric using ClusterMapType = EquivalenceClasses<const GlobalValue *>;
560b57cec5SDimitry Andric using ComdatMembersType = DenseMap<const Comdat *, const GlobalValue *>;
570b57cec5SDimitry Andric using ClusterIDMapType = DenseMap<const GlobalValue *, unsigned>;
580b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
590b57cec5SDimitry Andric } // end anonymous namespace
600b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
addNonConstUser(ClusterMapType & GVtoClusterMap,const GlobalValue * GV,const User * U)610b57cec5SDimitry Andric static void addNonConstUser(ClusterMapType &GVtoClusterMap,
620b57cec5SDimitry Andric                             const GlobalValue *GV, const User *U) {
630b57cec5SDimitry Andric   assert((!isa<Constant>(U) || isa<GlobalValue>(U)) && "Bad user");
640b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
650b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (const Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(U)) {
660b57cec5SDimitry Andric     const GlobalValue *F = I->getParent()->getParent();
670b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GVtoClusterMap.unionSets(GV, F);
680b57cec5SDimitry Andric   } else if (isa<GlobalIndirectSymbol>(U) || isa<Function>(U) ||
690b57cec5SDimitry Andric              isa<GlobalVariable>(U)) {
700b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GVtoClusterMap.unionSets(GV, cast<GlobalValue>(U));
710b57cec5SDimitry Andric   } else {
720b57cec5SDimitry Andric     llvm_unreachable("Underimplemented use case");
730b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
740b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
750b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
760b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Adds all GlobalValue users of V to the same cluster as GV.
addAllGlobalValueUsers(ClusterMapType & GVtoClusterMap,const GlobalValue * GV,const Value * V)770b57cec5SDimitry Andric static void addAllGlobalValueUsers(ClusterMapType &GVtoClusterMap,
780b57cec5SDimitry Andric                                    const GlobalValue *GV, const Value *V) {
790b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (auto *U : V->users()) {
800b57cec5SDimitry Andric     SmallVector<const User *, 4> Worklist;
810b57cec5SDimitry Andric     Worklist.push_back(U);
820b57cec5SDimitry Andric     while (!Worklist.empty()) {
830b57cec5SDimitry Andric       const User *UU = Worklist.pop_back_val();
840b57cec5SDimitry Andric       // For each constant that is not a GV (a pure const) recurse.
850b57cec5SDimitry Andric       if (isa<Constant>(UU) && !isa<GlobalValue>(UU)) {
860b57cec5SDimitry Andric         Worklist.append(UU->user_begin(), UU->user_end());
870b57cec5SDimitry Andric         continue;
880b57cec5SDimitry Andric       }
890b57cec5SDimitry Andric       addNonConstUser(GVtoClusterMap, GV, UU);
900b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
910b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
920b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
930b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
940b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Find partitions for module in the way that no locals need to be
950b57cec5SDimitry Andric // globalized.
960b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Try to balance pack those partitions into N files since this roughly equals
970b57cec5SDimitry Andric // thread balancing for the backend codegen step.
findPartitions(Module & M,ClusterIDMapType & ClusterIDMap,unsigned N)98*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric static void findPartitions(Module &M, ClusterIDMapType &ClusterIDMap,
990b57cec5SDimitry Andric                            unsigned N) {
1000b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // At this point module should have the proper mix of globals and locals.
1010b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // As we attempt to partition this module, we must not change any
1020b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // locals to globals.
103*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Partition module with (" << M.size() << ")functions\n");
1040b57cec5SDimitry Andric   ClusterMapType GVtoClusterMap;
1050b57cec5SDimitry Andric   ComdatMembersType ComdatMembers;
1060b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1070b57cec5SDimitry Andric   auto recordGVSet = [&GVtoClusterMap, &ComdatMembers](GlobalValue &GV) {
1080b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (GV.isDeclaration())
1090b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return;
1100b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1110b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (!GV.hasName())
1120b57cec5SDimitry Andric       GV.setName("__llvmsplit_unnamed");
1130b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1140b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // Comdat groups must not be partitioned. For comdat groups that contain
1150b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // locals, record all their members here so we can keep them together.
1160b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // Comdat groups that only contain external globals are already handled by
1170b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // the MD5-based partitioning.
1180b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (const Comdat *C = GV.getComdat()) {
1190b57cec5SDimitry Andric       auto &Member = ComdatMembers[C];
1200b57cec5SDimitry Andric       if (Member)
1210b57cec5SDimitry Andric         GVtoClusterMap.unionSets(Member, &GV);
1220b57cec5SDimitry Andric       else
1230b57cec5SDimitry Andric         Member = &GV;
1240b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
1250b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1260b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // For aliases we should not separate them from their aliasees regardless
1270b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // of linkage.
1280b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (auto *GIS = dyn_cast<GlobalIndirectSymbol>(&GV)) {
1290b57cec5SDimitry Andric       if (const GlobalObject *Base = GIS->getBaseObject())
1300b57cec5SDimitry Andric         GVtoClusterMap.unionSets(&GV, Base);
1310b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
1320b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1330b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (const Function *F = dyn_cast<Function>(&GV)) {
1340b57cec5SDimitry Andric       for (const BasicBlock &BB : *F) {
1350b57cec5SDimitry Andric         BlockAddress *BA = BlockAddress::lookup(&BB);
1360b57cec5SDimitry Andric         if (!BA || !BA->isConstantUsed())
1370b57cec5SDimitry Andric           continue;
1380b57cec5SDimitry Andric         addAllGlobalValueUsers(GVtoClusterMap, F, BA);
1390b57cec5SDimitry Andric       }
1400b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
1410b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1420b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (GV.hasLocalLinkage())
1430b57cec5SDimitry Andric       addAllGlobalValueUsers(GVtoClusterMap, &GV, &GV);
1440b57cec5SDimitry Andric   };
1450b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
146*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric   llvm::for_each(M.functions(), recordGVSet);
147*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric   llvm::for_each(M.globals(), recordGVSet);
148*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric   llvm::for_each(M.aliases(), recordGVSet);
1490b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1500b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // Assigned all GVs to merged clusters while balancing number of objects in
1510b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // each.
1520b57cec5SDimitry Andric   auto CompareClusters = [](const std::pair<unsigned, unsigned> &a,
1530b57cec5SDimitry Andric                             const std::pair<unsigned, unsigned> &b) {
1540b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (a.second || b.second)
1550b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return a.second > b.second;
1560b57cec5SDimitry Andric     else
1570b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return a.first > b.first;
1580b57cec5SDimitry Andric   };
1590b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1600b57cec5SDimitry Andric   std::priority_queue<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>,
1610b57cec5SDimitry Andric                       std::vector<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>>,
1620b57cec5SDimitry Andric                       decltype(CompareClusters)>
1630b57cec5SDimitry Andric       BalancinQueue(CompareClusters);
1640b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // Pre-populate priority queue with N slot blanks.
1650b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i)
1660b57cec5SDimitry Andric     BalancinQueue.push(std::make_pair(i, 0));
1670b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1680b57cec5SDimitry Andric   using SortType = std::pair<unsigned, ClusterMapType::iterator>;
1690b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1700b57cec5SDimitry Andric   SmallVector<SortType, 64> Sets;
1710b57cec5SDimitry Andric   SmallPtrSet<const GlobalValue *, 32> Visited;
1720b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1730b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // To guarantee determinism, we have to sort SCC according to size.
1740b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // When size is the same, use leader's name.
1750b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (ClusterMapType::iterator I = GVtoClusterMap.begin(),
1760b57cec5SDimitry Andric                                 E = GVtoClusterMap.end(); I != E; ++I)
1770b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (I->isLeader())
1780b57cec5SDimitry Andric       Sets.push_back(
1790b57cec5SDimitry Andric           std::make_pair(std::distance(GVtoClusterMap.member_begin(I),
1800b57cec5SDimitry Andric                                        GVtoClusterMap.member_end()), I));
1810b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1820b57cec5SDimitry Andric   llvm::sort(Sets, [](const SortType &a, const SortType &b) {
1830b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (a.first == b.first)
1840b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return a.second->getData()->getName() > b.second->getData()->getName();
1850b57cec5SDimitry Andric     else
1860b57cec5SDimitry Andric       return a.first > b.first;
1870b57cec5SDimitry Andric   });
1880b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1890b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (auto &I : Sets) {
1900b57cec5SDimitry Andric     unsigned CurrentClusterID = BalancinQueue.top().first;
1910b57cec5SDimitry Andric     unsigned CurrentClusterSize = BalancinQueue.top().second;
1920b57cec5SDimitry Andric     BalancinQueue.pop();
1930b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1940b57cec5SDimitry Andric     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Root[" << CurrentClusterID << "] cluster_size("
1950b57cec5SDimitry Andric                       << I.first << ") ----> " << I.second->getData()->getName()
1960b57cec5SDimitry Andric                       << "\n");
1970b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
1980b57cec5SDimitry Andric     for (ClusterMapType::member_iterator MI =
1990b57cec5SDimitry Andric              GVtoClusterMap.findLeader(I.second);
2000b57cec5SDimitry Andric          MI != GVtoClusterMap.member_end(); ++MI) {
2010b57cec5SDimitry Andric       if (!Visited.insert(*MI).second)
2020b57cec5SDimitry Andric         continue;
2030b57cec5SDimitry Andric       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "----> " << (*MI)->getName()
2040b57cec5SDimitry Andric                         << ((*MI)->hasLocalLinkage() ? " l " : " e ") << "\n");
2050b57cec5SDimitry Andric       Visited.insert(*MI);
2060b57cec5SDimitry Andric       ClusterIDMap[*MI] = CurrentClusterID;
2070b57cec5SDimitry Andric       CurrentClusterSize++;
2080b57cec5SDimitry Andric     }
2090b57cec5SDimitry Andric     // Add this set size to the number of entries in this cluster.
2100b57cec5SDimitry Andric     BalancinQueue.push(std::make_pair(CurrentClusterID, CurrentClusterSize));
2110b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
2120b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
2130b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
externalize(GlobalValue * GV)2140b57cec5SDimitry Andric static void externalize(GlobalValue *GV) {
2150b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (GV->hasLocalLinkage()) {
2160b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GV->setLinkage(GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage);
2170b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GV->setVisibility(GlobalValue::HiddenVisibility);
2180b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
2190b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
2200b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // Unnamed entities must be named consistently between modules. setName will
2210b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // give a distinct name to each such entity.
2220b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (!GV->hasName())
2230b57cec5SDimitry Andric     GV->setName("__llvmsplit_unnamed");
2240b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
2250b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
2260b57cec5SDimitry Andric // Returns whether GV should be in partition (0-based) I of N.
isInPartition(const GlobalValue * GV,unsigned I,unsigned N)2270b57cec5SDimitry Andric static bool isInPartition(const GlobalValue *GV, unsigned I, unsigned N) {
2280b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (auto *GIS = dyn_cast<GlobalIndirectSymbol>(GV))
2290b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (const GlobalObject *Base = GIS->getBaseObject())
2300b57cec5SDimitry Andric       GV = Base;
2310b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
2320b57cec5SDimitry Andric   StringRef Name;
2330b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (const Comdat *C = GV->getComdat())
2340b57cec5SDimitry Andric     Name = C->getName();
2350b57cec5SDimitry Andric   else
2360b57cec5SDimitry Andric     Name = GV->getName();
2370b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
2380b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // Partition by MD5 hash. We only need a few bits for evenness as the number
2390b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // of partitions will generally be in the 1-2 figure range; the low 16 bits
2400b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // are enough.
2410b57cec5SDimitry Andric   MD5 H;
2420b57cec5SDimitry Andric   MD5::MD5Result R;
2430b57cec5SDimitry Andric   H.update(Name);
2440b57cec5SDimitry Andric   H.final(R);
2450b57cec5SDimitry Andric   return (R[0] | (R[1] << 8)) % N == I;
2460b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
2470b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
SplitModule(Module & M,unsigned N,function_ref<void (std::unique_ptr<Module> MPart)> ModuleCallback,bool PreserveLocals)2480b57cec5SDimitry Andric void llvm::SplitModule(
249*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric     Module &M, unsigned N,
2500b57cec5SDimitry Andric     function_ref<void(std::unique_ptr<Module> MPart)> ModuleCallback,
2510b57cec5SDimitry Andric     bool PreserveLocals) {
2520b57cec5SDimitry Andric   if (!PreserveLocals) {
253*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric     for (Function &F : M)
2540b57cec5SDimitry Andric       externalize(&F);
255*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric     for (GlobalVariable &GV : M.globals())
2560b57cec5SDimitry Andric       externalize(&GV);
257*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric     for (GlobalAlias &GA : M.aliases())
2580b57cec5SDimitry Andric       externalize(&GA);
259*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric     for (GlobalIFunc &GIF : M.ifuncs())
2600b57cec5SDimitry Andric       externalize(&GIF);
2610b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
2620b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
2630b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // This performs splitting without a need for externalization, which might not
2640b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // always be possible.
2650b57cec5SDimitry Andric   ClusterIDMapType ClusterIDMap;
266*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric   findPartitions(M, ClusterIDMap, N);
2670b57cec5SDimitry Andric 
2680b57cec5SDimitry Andric   // FIXME: We should be able to reuse M as the last partition instead of
269*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric   // cloning it. Note that the callers at the moment expect the module to
270*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric   // be preserved, so will need some adjustments as well.
2710b57cec5SDimitry Andric   for (unsigned I = 0; I < N; ++I) {
2720b57cec5SDimitry Andric     ValueToValueMapTy VMap;
2730b57cec5SDimitry Andric     std::unique_ptr<Module> MPart(
274*5f7ddb14SDimitry Andric         CloneModule(M, VMap, [&](const GlobalValue *GV) {
2750b57cec5SDimitry Andric           if (ClusterIDMap.count(GV))
2760b57cec5SDimitry Andric             return (ClusterIDMap[GV] == I);
2770b57cec5SDimitry Andric           else
2780b57cec5SDimitry Andric             return isInPartition(GV, I, N);
2790b57cec5SDimitry Andric         }));
2800b57cec5SDimitry Andric     if (I != 0)
2810b57cec5SDimitry Andric       MPart->setModuleInlineAsm("");
2820b57cec5SDimitry Andric     ModuleCallback(std::move(MPart));
2830b57cec5SDimitry Andric   }
2840b57cec5SDimitry Andric }
285