lld/ELF/Target.cpp

//===- Target.cpp ---------------------------------------------------------===//
//
//                             The LLVM Linker
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Machine-specific things, such as applying relocations, creation of
// GOT or PLT entries, etc., are handled in this file.
//
// Refer the ELF spec for the single letter varaibles, S, A or P, used
// in this file.
//
// Some functions defined in this file has "relaxTls" as part of their names.
// They do peephole optimization for TLS variables by rewriting instructions.
// They are not part of the ABI but optional optimization, so you can skip
// them if you are not interested in how TLS variables are optimized.
// See the following paper for the details.
//
//   Ulrich Drepper, ELF Handling For Thread-Local Storage
//   http://www.akkadia.org/drepper/tls.pdf
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "Target.h"
#include "Error.h"
#include "InputFiles.h"
#include "OutputSections.h"
#include "Symbols.h"
#include "Thunks.h"

#include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
#include "llvm/Object/ELF.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Endian.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ELF.h"

using namespace llvm;
using namespace llvm::object;
using namespace llvm::support::endian;
using namespace llvm::ELF;

namespace lld {
namespace elf {

TargetInfo *Target;

static void or32le(uint8_t *P, int32_t V) { write32le(P, read32le(P) | V); }

StringRef getRelName(uint32_t Type) {
  return getELFRelocationTypeName(Config->EMachine, Type);
}

template <unsigned N> static void checkInt(int64_t V, uint32_t Type) {
  if (!isInt<N>(V))
    error("relocation " + getRelName(Type) + " out of range");
}

template <unsigned N> static void checkUInt(uint64_t V, uint32_t Type) {
  if (!isUInt<N>(V))
    error("relocation " + getRelName(Type) + " out of range");
}

template <unsigned N> static void checkIntUInt(uint64_t V, uint32_t Type) {
  if (!isInt<N>(V) && !isUInt<N>(V))
    error("relocation " + getRelName(Type) + " out of range");
}

template <unsigned N> static void checkAlignment(uint64_t V, uint32_t Type) {
  if ((V & (N - 1)) != 0)
    error("improper alignment for relocation " + getRelName(Type));
}

static void errorDynRel(uint32_t Type) {
  error("relocation " + getRelName(Type) +
        " cannot be used against shared object; recompile with -fPIC.");
}

namespace {
class X86TargetInfo final : public TargetInfo {
public:
  X86TargetInfo();
  RelExpr getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  uint64_t getImplicitAddend(const uint8_t *Buf, uint32_t Type) const override;
  void writeGotPltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const override;
  uint32_t getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsLocalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsGlobalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsInitialExecRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  void writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  void writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const override;
  void writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr, uint64_t PltEntryAddr,
                int32_t Index, unsigned RelOff) const override;
  void relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;

  RelExpr adjustRelaxExpr(uint32_t Type, const uint8_t *Data,
                          RelExpr Expr) const override;
  void relaxTlsGdToIe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsGdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsIeToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsLdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
};

template <class ELFT> class X86_64TargetInfo final : public TargetInfo {
public:
  X86_64TargetInfo();
  RelExpr getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  uint32_t getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsLocalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsGlobalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsInitialExecRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  void writeGotPltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const override;
  void writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  void writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const override;
  void writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr, uint64_t PltEntryAddr,
                int32_t Index, unsigned RelOff) const override;
  void relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;

  RelExpr adjustRelaxExpr(uint32_t Type, const uint8_t *Data,
                          RelExpr Expr) const override;
  void relaxGot(uint8_t *Loc, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsGdToIe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsGdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsIeToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsLdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;

private:
  void relaxGotNoPic(uint8_t *Loc, uint64_t Val, uint8_t Op,
                     uint8_t ModRm) const;
};

class PPCTargetInfo final : public TargetInfo {
public:
  PPCTargetInfo();
  void relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  RelExpr getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
};

class PPC64TargetInfo final : public TargetInfo {
public:
  PPC64TargetInfo();
  RelExpr getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  void writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr, uint64_t PltEntryAddr,
                int32_t Index, unsigned RelOff) const override;
  void relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
};

class AArch64TargetInfo final : public TargetInfo {
public:
  AArch64TargetInfo();
  RelExpr getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  uint32_t getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsInitialExecRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  void writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  void writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const override;
  void writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr, uint64_t PltEntryAddr,
                int32_t Index, unsigned RelOff) const override;
  bool usesOnlyLowPageBits(uint32_t Type) const override;
  void relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  RelExpr adjustRelaxExpr(uint32_t Type, const uint8_t *Data,
                          RelExpr Expr) const override;
  void relaxTlsGdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsGdToIe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  void relaxTlsIeToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
};

class AMDGPUTargetInfo final : public TargetInfo {
public:
  AMDGPUTargetInfo();
  void relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  RelExpr getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
};

class ARMTargetInfo final : public TargetInfo {
public:
  ARMTargetInfo();
  RelExpr getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  uint32_t getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  uint64_t getImplicitAddend(const uint8_t *Buf, uint32_t Type) const override;
  void writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  void writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const override;
  void writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr, uint64_t PltEntryAddr,
                int32_t Index, unsigned RelOff) const override;
  RelExpr getThunkExpr(RelExpr Expr, uint32_t RelocType,
                       const InputFile &File,
                       const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  void relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
};

template <class ELFT> class MipsTargetInfo final : public TargetInfo {
public:
  MipsTargetInfo();
  RelExpr getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  uint64_t getImplicitAddend(const uint8_t *Buf, uint32_t Type) const override;
  uint32_t getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsLocalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  bool isTlsGlobalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const override;
  void writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  void writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const override;
  void writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr, uint64_t PltEntryAddr,
                int32_t Index, unsigned RelOff) const override;
  RelExpr getThunkExpr(RelExpr Expr, uint32_t RelocType,
                       const InputFile &File,
                       const SymbolBody &S) const override;
  void relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) const override;
  bool usesOnlyLowPageBits(uint32_t Type) const override;
};
} // anonymous namespace

TargetInfo *createTarget() {
  switch (Config->EMachine) {
  case EM_386:
    return new X86TargetInfo();
  case EM_AARCH64:
    return new AArch64TargetInfo();
  case EM_AMDGPU:
    return new AMDGPUTargetInfo();
  case EM_ARM:
    return new ARMTargetInfo();
  case EM_MIPS:
    switch (Config->EKind) {
    case ELF32LEKind:
      return new MipsTargetInfo<ELF32LE>();
    case ELF32BEKind:
      return new MipsTargetInfo<ELF32BE>();
    case ELF64LEKind:
      return new MipsTargetInfo<ELF64LE>();
    case ELF64BEKind:
      return new MipsTargetInfo<ELF64BE>();
    default:
      fatal("unsupported MIPS target");
    }
  case EM_PPC:
    return new PPCTargetInfo();
  case EM_PPC64:
    return new PPC64TargetInfo();
  case EM_X86_64:
    if (Config->EKind == ELF32LEKind)
      return new X86_64TargetInfo<ELF32LE>();
    return new X86_64TargetInfo<ELF64LE>();
  }
  fatal("unknown target machine");
}

TargetInfo::~TargetInfo() {}

uint64_t TargetInfo::getImplicitAddend(const uint8_t *Buf,
                                       uint32_t Type) const {
  return 0;
}

bool TargetInfo::usesOnlyLowPageBits(uint32_t Type) const { return false; }

RelExpr TargetInfo::getThunkExpr(RelExpr Expr, uint32_t RelocType,
                                 const InputFile &File,
                                 const SymbolBody &S) const {
  return Expr;
}

bool TargetInfo::isTlsInitialExecRel(uint32_t Type) const { return false; }

bool TargetInfo::isTlsLocalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const { return false; }

bool TargetInfo::isTlsGlobalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return false;
}

RelExpr TargetInfo::adjustRelaxExpr(uint32_t Type, const uint8_t *Data,
                                    RelExpr Expr) const {
  return Expr;
}

void TargetInfo::relaxGot(uint8_t *Loc, uint64_t Val) const {
  llvm_unreachable("Should not have claimed to be relaxable");
}

void TargetInfo::relaxTlsGdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                uint64_t Val) const {
  llvm_unreachable("Should not have claimed to be relaxable");
}

void TargetInfo::relaxTlsGdToIe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                uint64_t Val) const {
  llvm_unreachable("Should not have claimed to be relaxable");
}

void TargetInfo::relaxTlsIeToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                uint64_t Val) const {
  llvm_unreachable("Should not have claimed to be relaxable");
}

void TargetInfo::relaxTlsLdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                uint64_t Val) const {
  llvm_unreachable("Should not have claimed to be relaxable");
}

X86TargetInfo::X86TargetInfo() {
  CopyRel = R_386_COPY;
  GotRel = R_386_GLOB_DAT;
  PltRel = R_386_JUMP_SLOT;
  IRelativeRel = R_386_IRELATIVE;
  RelativeRel = R_386_RELATIVE;
  TlsGotRel = R_386_TLS_TPOFF;
  TlsModuleIndexRel = R_386_TLS_DTPMOD32;
  TlsOffsetRel = R_386_TLS_DTPOFF32;
  GotEntrySize = 4;
  GotPltEntrySize = 4;
  PltEntrySize = 16;
  PltHeaderSize = 16;
  TlsGdRelaxSkip = 2;
}

RelExpr X86TargetInfo::getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const {
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return R_ABS;
  case R_386_TLS_GD:
    return R_TLSGD;
  case R_386_TLS_LDM:
    return R_TLSLD;
  case R_386_PLT32:
    return R_PLT_PC;
  case R_386_PC32:
    return R_PC;
  case R_386_GOTPC:
    return R_GOTONLY_PC;
  case R_386_TLS_IE:
    return R_GOT;
  case R_386_GOT32:
  case R_386_GOT32X:
  case R_386_TLS_GOTIE:
    return R_GOT_FROM_END;
  case R_386_GOTOFF:
    return R_GOTREL;
  case R_386_TLS_LE:
    return R_TLS;
  case R_386_TLS_LE_32:
    return R_NEG_TLS;
  }
}

RelExpr X86TargetInfo::adjustRelaxExpr(uint32_t Type, const uint8_t *Data,
                                       RelExpr Expr) const {
  switch (Expr) {
  default:
    return Expr;
  case R_RELAX_TLS_GD_TO_IE:
    return R_RELAX_TLS_GD_TO_IE_END;
  case R_RELAX_TLS_GD_TO_LE:
    return R_RELAX_TLS_GD_TO_LE_NEG;
  }
}

void X86TargetInfo::writeGotPltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const {
  write32le(Buf, Out<ELF32LE>::Dynamic->getVA());
}

void X86TargetInfo::writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &S) const {
  // Entries in .got.plt initially points back to the corresponding
  // PLT entries with a fixed offset to skip the first instruction.
  write32le(Buf, S.getPltVA<ELF32LE>() + 6);
}

uint32_t X86TargetInfo::getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  if (Type == R_386_TLS_LE)
    return R_386_TLS_TPOFF;
  if (Type == R_386_TLS_LE_32)
    return R_386_TLS_TPOFF32;
  return Type;
}

bool X86TargetInfo::isTlsGlobalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_386_TLS_GD;
}

bool X86TargetInfo::isTlsLocalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_386_TLS_LDO_32 || Type == R_386_TLS_LDM;
}

bool X86TargetInfo::isTlsInitialExecRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_386_TLS_IE || Type == R_386_TLS_GOTIE;
}

void X86TargetInfo::writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const {
  // Executable files and shared object files have
  // separate procedure linkage tables.
  if (Config->Pic) {
    const uint8_t V[] = {
        0xff, 0xb3, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // pushl 4(%ebx)
        0xff, 0xa3, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // jmp   *8(%ebx)
        0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90              // nop; nop; nop; nop
    };
    memcpy(Buf, V, sizeof(V));
    return;
  }

  const uint8_t PltData[] = {
      0xff, 0x35, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // pushl (GOT+4)
      0xff, 0x25, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // jmp   *(GOT+8)
      0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90              // nop; nop; nop; nop
  };
  memcpy(Buf, PltData, sizeof(PltData));
  uint32_t Got = Out<ELF32LE>::GotPlt->getVA();
  write32le(Buf + 2, Got + 4);
  write32le(Buf + 8, Got + 8);
}

void X86TargetInfo::writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr,
                             uint64_t PltEntryAddr, int32_t Index,
                             unsigned RelOff) const {
  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // jmp *foo_in_GOT|*foo@GOT(%ebx)
      0x68, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,       // pushl $reloc_offset
      0xe9, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00        // jmp .PLT0@PC
  };
  memcpy(Buf, Inst, sizeof(Inst));

  // jmp *foo@GOT(%ebx) or jmp *foo_in_GOT
  Buf[1] = Config->Pic ? 0xa3 : 0x25;
  uint32_t Got = Out<ELF32LE>::GotPlt->getVA();
  write32le(Buf + 2, Config->Shared ? GotEntryAddr - Got : GotEntryAddr);
  write32le(Buf + 7, RelOff);
  write32le(Buf + 12, -Index * PltEntrySize - PltHeaderSize - 16);
}

uint64_t X86TargetInfo::getImplicitAddend(const uint8_t *Buf,
                                          uint32_t Type) const {
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return 0;
  case R_386_32:
  case R_386_GOT32:
  case R_386_GOT32X:
  case R_386_GOTOFF:
  case R_386_GOTPC:
  case R_386_PC32:
  case R_386_PLT32:
  case R_386_TLS_LE:
    return read32le(Buf);
  }
}

void X86TargetInfo::relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                uint64_t Val) const {
  checkInt<32>(Val, Type);
  write32le(Loc, Val);
}

void X86TargetInfo::relaxTlsGdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                   uint64_t Val) const {
  // Convert
  //   leal x@tlsgd(, %ebx, 1),
  //   call __tls_get_addr@plt
  // to
  //   movl %gs:0,%eax
  //   subl $x@ntpoff,%eax
  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0x65, 0xa1, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // movl %gs:0, %eax
      0x81, 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00  // subl 0(%ebx), %eax
  };
  memcpy(Loc - 3, Inst, sizeof(Inst));
  relocateOne(Loc + 5, R_386_32, Val);
}

void X86TargetInfo::relaxTlsGdToIe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                   uint64_t Val) const {
  // Convert
  //   leal x@tlsgd(, %ebx, 1),
  //   call __tls_get_addr@plt
  // to
  //   movl %gs:0, %eax
  //   addl x@gotntpoff(%ebx), %eax
  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0x65, 0xa1, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // movl %gs:0, %eax
      0x03, 0x83, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00  // addl 0(%ebx), %eax
  };
  memcpy(Loc - 3, Inst, sizeof(Inst));
  relocateOne(Loc + 5, R_386_32, Val);
}

// In some conditions, relocations can be optimized to avoid using GOT.
// This function does that for Initial Exec to Local Exec case.
void X86TargetInfo::relaxTlsIeToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                   uint64_t Val) const {
  // Ulrich's document section 6.2 says that @gotntpoff can
  // be used with MOVL or ADDL instructions.
  // @indntpoff is similar to @gotntpoff, but for use in
  // position dependent code.
  uint8_t Reg = (Loc[-1] >> 3) & 7;

  if (Type == R_386_TLS_IE) {
    if (Loc[-1] == 0xa1) {
      // "movl foo@indntpoff,%eax" -> "movl $foo,%eax"
      // This case is different from the generic case below because
      // this is a 5 byte instruction while below is 6 bytes.
      Loc[-1] = 0xb8;
    } else if (Loc[-2] == 0x8b) {
      // "movl foo@indntpoff,%reg" -> "movl $foo,%reg"
      Loc[-2] = 0xc7;
      Loc[-1] = 0xc0 | Reg;
    } else {
      // "addl foo@indntpoff,%reg" -> "addl $foo,%reg"
      Loc[-2] = 0x81;
      Loc[-1] = 0xc0 | Reg;
    }
  } else {
    assert(Type == R_386_TLS_GOTIE);
    if (Loc[-2] == 0x8b) {
      // "movl foo@gottpoff(%rip),%reg" -> "movl $foo,%reg"
      Loc[-2] = 0xc7;
      Loc[-1] = 0xc0 | Reg;
    } else {
      // "addl foo@gotntpoff(%rip),%reg" -> "leal foo(%reg),%reg"
      Loc[-2] = 0x8d;
      Loc[-1] = 0x80 | (Reg << 3) | Reg;
    }
  }
  relocateOne(Loc, R_386_TLS_LE, Val);
}

void X86TargetInfo::relaxTlsLdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                   uint64_t Val) const {
  if (Type == R_386_TLS_LDO_32) {
    relocateOne(Loc, R_386_TLS_LE, Val);
    return;
  }

  // Convert
  //   leal foo(%reg),%eax
  //   call ___tls_get_addr
  // to
  //   movl %gs:0,%eax
  //   nop
  //   leal 0(%esi,1),%esi
  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0x65, 0xa1, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // movl %gs:0,%eax
      0x90,                               // nop
      0x8d, 0x74, 0x26, 0x00              // leal 0(%esi,1),%esi
  };
  memcpy(Loc - 2, Inst, sizeof(Inst));
}

template <class ELFT> X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::X86_64TargetInfo() {
  CopyRel = R_X86_64_COPY;
  GotRel = R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT;
  PltRel = R_X86_64_JUMP_SLOT;
  RelativeRel = R_X86_64_RELATIVE;
  IRelativeRel = R_X86_64_IRELATIVE;
  TlsGotRel = R_X86_64_TPOFF64;
  TlsModuleIndexRel = R_X86_64_DTPMOD64;
  TlsOffsetRel = R_X86_64_DTPOFF64;
  GotEntrySize = 8;
  GotPltEntrySize = 8;
  PltEntrySize = 16;
  PltHeaderSize = 16;
  TlsGdRelaxSkip = 2;
}

template <class ELFT>
RelExpr X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::getRelExpr(uint32_t Type,
                                           const SymbolBody &S) const {
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return R_ABS;
  case R_X86_64_TPOFF32:
    return R_TLS;
  case R_X86_64_TLSLD:
    return R_TLSLD_PC;
  case R_X86_64_TLSGD:
    return R_TLSGD_PC;
  case R_X86_64_SIZE32:
  case R_X86_64_SIZE64:
    return R_SIZE;
  case R_X86_64_PLT32:
    return R_PLT_PC;
  case R_X86_64_PC32:
  case R_X86_64_PC64:
    return R_PC;
  case R_X86_64_GOT32:
    return R_GOT_FROM_END;
  case R_X86_64_GOTPCREL:
  case R_X86_64_GOTPCRELX:
  case R_X86_64_REX_GOTPCRELX:
  case R_X86_64_GOTTPOFF:
    return R_GOT_PC;
  }
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::writeGotPltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const {
  // The first entry holds the value of _DYNAMIC. It is not clear why that is
  // required, but it is documented in the psabi and the glibc dynamic linker
  // seems to use it (note that this is relevant for linking ld.so, not any
  // other program).
  write64le(Buf, Out<ELFT>::Dynamic->getVA());
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf,
                                         const SymbolBody &S) const {
  // See comments in X86TargetInfo::writeGotPlt.
  write32le(Buf, S.getPltVA<ELFT>() + 6);
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const {
  const uint8_t PltData[] = {
      0xff, 0x35, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // pushq GOT+8(%rip)
      0xff, 0x25, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // jmp *GOT+16(%rip)
      0x0f, 0x1f, 0x40, 0x00              // nopl 0x0(rax)
  };
  memcpy(Buf, PltData, sizeof(PltData));
  uint64_t Got = Out<ELFT>::GotPlt->getVA();
  uint64_t Plt = Out<ELFT>::Plt->getVA();
  write32le(Buf + 2, Got - Plt + 2); // GOT+8
  write32le(Buf + 8, Got - Plt + 4); // GOT+16
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr,
                                      uint64_t PltEntryAddr, int32_t Index,
                                      unsigned RelOff) const {
  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0xff, 0x25, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // jmpq *got(%rip)
      0x68, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,       // pushq <relocation index>
      0xe9, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00        // jmpq plt[0]
  };
  memcpy(Buf, Inst, sizeof(Inst));

  write32le(Buf + 2, GotEntryAddr - PltEntryAddr - 6);
  write32le(Buf + 7, Index);
  write32le(Buf + 12, -Index * PltEntrySize - PltHeaderSize - 16);
}

template <class ELFT>
uint32_t X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  if (Type == R_X86_64_PC32 || Type == R_X86_64_32)
    errorDynRel(Type);
  return Type;
}

template <class ELFT>
bool X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::isTlsInitialExecRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_X86_64_GOTTPOFF;
}

template <class ELFT>
bool X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::isTlsGlobalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_X86_64_TLSGD;
}

template <class ELFT>
bool X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::isTlsLocalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_X86_64_DTPOFF32 || Type == R_X86_64_DTPOFF64 ||
         Type == R_X86_64_TLSLD;
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::relaxTlsGdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                            uint64_t Val) const {
  // Convert
  //   .byte 0x66
  //   leaq x@tlsgd(%rip), %rdi
  //   .word 0x6666
  //   rex64
  //   call __tls_get_addr@plt
  // to
  //   mov %fs:0x0,%rax
  //   lea x@tpoff,%rax
  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0x64, 0x48, 0x8b, 0x04, 0x25, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // mov %fs:0x0,%rax
      0x48, 0x8d, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00              // lea x@tpoff,%rax
  };
  memcpy(Loc - 4, Inst, sizeof(Inst));
  // The original code used a pc relative relocation and so we have to
  // compensate for the -4 in had in the addend.
  relocateOne(Loc + 8, R_X86_64_TPOFF32, Val + 4);
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::relaxTlsGdToIe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                            uint64_t Val) const {
  // Convert
  //   .byte 0x66
  //   leaq x@tlsgd(%rip), %rdi
  //   .word 0x6666
  //   rex64
  //   call __tls_get_addr@plt
  // to
  //   mov %fs:0x0,%rax
  //   addq x@tpoff,%rax
  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0x64, 0x48, 0x8b, 0x04, 0x25, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // mov %fs:0x0,%rax
      0x48, 0x03, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00              // addq x@tpoff,%rax
  };
  memcpy(Loc - 4, Inst, sizeof(Inst));
  // Both code sequences are PC relatives, but since we are moving the constant
  // forward by 8 bytes we have to subtract the value by 8.
  relocateOne(Loc + 8, R_X86_64_PC32, Val - 8);
}

// In some conditions, R_X86_64_GOTTPOFF relocation can be optimized to
// R_X86_64_TPOFF32 so that it does not use GOT.
template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::relaxTlsIeToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                            uint64_t Val) const {
  uint8_t *Inst = Loc - 3;
  uint8_t Reg = Loc[-1] >> 3;
  uint8_t *RegSlot = Loc - 1;

  // Note that ADD with RSP or R12 is converted to ADD instead of LEA
  // because LEA with these registers needs 4 bytes to encode and thus
  // wouldn't fit the space.

  if (memcmp(Inst, "\x48\x03\x25", 3) == 0) {
    // "addq foo@gottpoff(%rip),%rsp" -> "addq $foo,%rsp"
    memcpy(Inst, "\x48\x81\xc4", 3);
  } else if (memcmp(Inst, "\x4c\x03\x25", 3) == 0) {
    // "addq foo@gottpoff(%rip),%r12" -> "addq $foo,%r12"
    memcpy(Inst, "\x49\x81\xc4", 3);
  } else if (memcmp(Inst, "\x4c\x03", 2) == 0) {
    // "addq foo@gottpoff(%rip),%r[8-15]" -> "leaq foo(%r[8-15]),%r[8-15]"
    memcpy(Inst, "\x4d\x8d", 2);
    *RegSlot = 0x80 | (Reg << 3) | Reg;
  } else if (memcmp(Inst, "\x48\x03", 2) == 0) {
    // "addq foo@gottpoff(%rip),%reg -> "leaq foo(%reg),%reg"
    memcpy(Inst, "\x48\x8d", 2);
    *RegSlot = 0x80 | (Reg << 3) | Reg;
  } else if (memcmp(Inst, "\x4c\x8b", 2) == 0) {
    // "movq foo@gottpoff(%rip),%r[8-15]" -> "movq $foo,%r[8-15]"
    memcpy(Inst, "\x49\xc7", 2);
    *RegSlot = 0xc0 | Reg;
  } else if (memcmp(Inst, "\x48\x8b", 2) == 0) {
    // "movq foo@gottpoff(%rip),%reg" -> "movq $foo,%reg"
    memcpy(Inst, "\x48\xc7", 2);
    *RegSlot = 0xc0 | Reg;
  } else {
    fatal("R_X86_64_GOTTPOFF must be used in MOVQ or ADDQ instructions only");
  }

  // The original code used a PC relative relocation.
  // Need to compensate for the -4 it had in the addend.
  relocateOne(Loc, R_X86_64_TPOFF32, Val + 4);
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::relaxTlsLdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                            uint64_t Val) const {
  // Convert
  //   leaq bar@tlsld(%rip), %rdi
  //   callq __tls_get_addr@PLT
  //   leaq bar@dtpoff(%rax), %rcx
  // to
  //   .word 0x6666
  //   .byte 0x66
  //   mov %fs:0,%rax
  //   leaq bar@tpoff(%rax), %rcx
  if (Type == R_X86_64_DTPOFF64) {
    write64le(Loc, Val);
    return;
  }
  if (Type == R_X86_64_DTPOFF32) {
    relocateOne(Loc, R_X86_64_TPOFF32, Val);
    return;
  }

  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0x66, 0x66,                                          // .word 0x6666
      0x66,                                                // .byte 0x66
      0x64, 0x48, 0x8b, 0x04, 0x25, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 // mov %fs:0,%rax
  };
  memcpy(Loc - 3, Inst, sizeof(Inst));
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                         uint64_t Val) const {
  switch (Type) {
  case R_X86_64_32:
    checkUInt<32>(Val, Type);
    write32le(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_X86_64_32S:
  case R_X86_64_TPOFF32:
  case R_X86_64_GOT32:
  case R_X86_64_GOTPCREL:
  case R_X86_64_GOTPCRELX:
  case R_X86_64_REX_GOTPCRELX:
  case R_X86_64_PC32:
  case R_X86_64_GOTTPOFF:
  case R_X86_64_PLT32:
  case R_X86_64_TLSGD:
  case R_X86_64_TLSLD:
  case R_X86_64_DTPOFF32:
  case R_X86_64_SIZE32:
    checkInt<32>(Val, Type);
    write32le(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_X86_64_64:
  case R_X86_64_DTPOFF64:
  case R_X86_64_SIZE64:
  case R_X86_64_PC64:
    write64le(Loc, Val);
    break;
  default:
    fatal("unrecognized reloc " + Twine(Type));
  }
}

template <class ELFT>
RelExpr X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::adjustRelaxExpr(uint32_t Type,
                                                const uint8_t *Data,
                                                RelExpr RelExpr) const {
  if (Type != R_X86_64_GOTPCRELX && Type != R_X86_64_REX_GOTPCRELX)
    return RelExpr;
  const uint8_t Op = Data[-2];
  const uint8_t ModRm = Data[-1];
  // FIXME: When PIC is disabled and foo is defined locally in the
  // lower 32 bit address space, memory operand in mov can be converted into
  // immediate operand. Otherwise, mov must be changed to lea. We support only
  // latter relaxation at this moment.
  if (Op == 0x8b)
    return R_RELAX_GOT_PC;
  // Relax call and jmp.
  if (Op == 0xff && (ModRm == 0x15 || ModRm == 0x25))
    return R_RELAX_GOT_PC;

  // Relaxation of test, adc, add, and, cmp, or, sbb, sub, xor.
  // If PIC then no relaxation is available.
  // We also don't relax test/binop instructions without REX byte,
  // they are 32bit operations and not common to have.
  assert(Type == R_X86_64_REX_GOTPCRELX);
  return Config->Pic ? RelExpr : R_RELAX_GOT_PC_NOPIC;
}

// A subset of relaxations can only be applied for no-PIC. This method
// handles such relaxations. Instructions encoding information was taken from:
// "Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual V2"
// (http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/manuals/
//    64-ia-32-architectures-software-developer-instruction-set-reference-manual-325383.pdf)
template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::relaxGotNoPic(uint8_t *Loc, uint64_t Val,
                                           uint8_t Op, uint8_t ModRm) const {
  const uint8_t Rex = Loc[-3];
  // Convert "test %reg, foo@GOTPCREL(%rip)" to "test $foo, %reg".
  if (Op == 0x85) {
    // See "TEST-Logical Compare" (4-428 Vol. 2B),
    // TEST r/m64, r64 uses "full" ModR / M byte (no opcode extension).

    // ModR/M byte has form XX YYY ZZZ, where
    // YYY is MODRM.reg(register 2), ZZZ is MODRM.rm(register 1).
    // XX has different meanings:
    // 00: The operand's memory address is in reg1.
    // 01: The operand's memory address is reg1 + a byte-sized displacement.
    // 10: The operand's memory address is reg1 + a word-sized displacement.
    // 11: The operand is reg1 itself.
    // If an instruction requires only one operand, the unused reg2 field
    // holds extra opcode bits rather than a register code
    // 0xC0 == 11 000 000 binary.
    // 0x38 == 00 111 000 binary.
    // We transfer reg2 to reg1 here as operand.
    // See "2.1.3 ModR/M and SIB Bytes" (Vol. 2A 2-3).
    Loc[-1] = 0xc0 | (ModRm & 0x38) >> 3; // ModR/M byte.

    // Change opcode from TEST r/m64, r64 to TEST r/m64, imm32
    // See "TEST-Logical Compare" (4-428 Vol. 2B).
    Loc[-2] = 0xf7;

    // Move R bit to the B bit in REX byte.
    // REX byte is encoded as 0100WRXB, where
    // 0100 is 4bit fixed pattern.
    // REX.W When 1, a 64-bit operand size is used. Otherwise, when 0, the
    //   default operand size is used (which is 32-bit for most but not all
    //   instructions).
    // REX.R This 1-bit value is an extension to the MODRM.reg field.
    // REX.X This 1-bit value is an extension to the SIB.index field.
    // REX.B This 1-bit value is an extension to the MODRM.rm field or the
    // SIB.base field.
    // See "2.2.1.2 More on REX Prefix Fields " (2-8 Vol. 2A).
    Loc[-3] = (Rex & ~0x4) | (Rex & 0x4) >> 2;
    relocateOne(Loc, R_X86_64_PC32, Val);
    return;
  }

  // If we are here then we need to relax the adc, add, and, cmp, or, sbb, sub
  // or xor operations.

  // Convert "binop foo@GOTPCREL(%rip), %reg" to "binop $foo, %reg".
  // Logic is close to one for test instruction above, but we also
  // write opcode extension here, see below for details.
  Loc[-1] = 0xc0 | (ModRm & 0x38) >> 3 | (Op & 0x3c); // ModR/M byte.

  // Primary opcode is 0x81, opcode extension is one of:
  // 000b = ADD, 001b is OR, 010b is ADC, 011b is SBB,
  // 100b is AND, 101b is SUB, 110b is XOR, 111b is CMP.
  // This value was wrote to MODRM.reg in a line above.
  // See "3.2 INSTRUCTIONS (A-M)" (Vol. 2A 3-15),
  // "INSTRUCTION SET REFERENCE, N-Z" (Vol. 2B 4-1) for
  // descriptions about each operation.
  Loc[-2] = 0x81;
  Loc[-3] = (Rex & ~0x4) | (Rex & 0x4) >> 2;
  relocateOne(Loc, R_X86_64_PC32, Val);
}

template <class ELFT>
void X86_64TargetInfo<ELFT>::relaxGot(uint8_t *Loc, uint64_t Val) const {
  const uint8_t Op = Loc[-2];
  const uint8_t ModRm = Loc[-1];

  // Convert "mov foo@GOTPCREL(%rip),%reg" to "lea foo(%rip),%reg".
  if (Op == 0x8b) {
    Loc[-2] = 0x8d;
    relocateOne(Loc, R_X86_64_PC32, Val);
    return;
  }

  if (Op != 0xff) {
    // We are relaxing a rip relative to an absolute, so compensate
    // for the old -4 addend.
    assert(!Config->Pic);
    relaxGotNoPic(Loc, Val + 4, Op, ModRm);
    return;
  }

  // Convert call/jmp instructions.
  if (ModRm == 0x15) {
    // ABI says we can convert "call *foo@GOTPCREL(%rip)" to "nop; call foo".
    // Instead we convert to "addr32 call foo" where addr32 is an instruction
    // prefix. That makes result expression to be a single instruction.
    Loc[-2] = 0x67; // addr32 prefix
    Loc[-1] = 0xe8; // call
    relocateOne(Loc, R_X86_64_PC32, Val);
    return;
  }

  // Convert "jmp *foo@GOTPCREL(%rip)" to "jmp foo; nop".
  // jmp doesn't return, so it is fine to use nop here, it is just a stub.
  assert(ModRm == 0x25);
  Loc[-2] = 0xe9; // jmp
  Loc[3] = 0x90;  // nop
  relocateOne(Loc - 1, R_X86_64_PC32, Val + 1);
}

// Relocation masks following the #lo(value), #hi(value), #ha(value),
// #higher(value), #highera(value), #highest(value), and #highesta(value)
// macros defined in section 4.5.1. Relocation Types of the PPC-elf64abi
// document.
static uint16_t applyPPCLo(uint64_t V) { return V; }
static uint16_t applyPPCHi(uint64_t V) { return V >> 16; }
static uint16_t applyPPCHa(uint64_t V) { return (V + 0x8000) >> 16; }
static uint16_t applyPPCHigher(uint64_t V) { return V >> 32; }
static uint16_t applyPPCHighera(uint64_t V) { return (V + 0x8000) >> 32; }
static uint16_t applyPPCHighest(uint64_t V) { return V >> 48; }
static uint16_t applyPPCHighesta(uint64_t V) { return (V + 0x8000) >> 48; }

PPCTargetInfo::PPCTargetInfo() {}

void PPCTargetInfo::relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                uint64_t Val) const {
  switch (Type) {
  case R_PPC_ADDR16_HA:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCHa(Val));
    break;
  case R_PPC_ADDR16_LO:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCLo(Val));
    break;
  default:
    fatal("unrecognized reloc " + Twine(Type));
  }
}

RelExpr PPCTargetInfo::getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const {
  return R_ABS;
}

PPC64TargetInfo::PPC64TargetInfo() {
  PltRel = GotRel = R_PPC64_GLOB_DAT;
  RelativeRel = R_PPC64_RELATIVE;
  GotEntrySize = 8;
  GotPltEntrySize = 8;
  PltEntrySize = 32;
  PltHeaderSize = 0;

  // We need 64K pages (at least under glibc/Linux, the loader won't
  // set different permissions on a finer granularity than that).
  PageSize = 65536;

  // The PPC64 ELF ABI v1 spec, says:
  //
  //   It is normally desirable to put segments with different characteristics
  //   in separate 256 Mbyte portions of the address space, to give the
  //   operating system full paging flexibility in the 64-bit address space.
  //
  // And because the lowest non-zero 256M boundary is 0x10000000, PPC64 linkers
  // use 0x10000000 as the starting address.
  DefaultImageBase = 0x10000000;
}

static uint64_t PPC64TocOffset = 0x8000;

uint64_t getPPC64TocBase() {
  // The TOC consists of sections .got, .toc, .tocbss, .plt in that order. The
  // TOC starts where the first of these sections starts. We always create a
  // .got when we see a relocation that uses it, so for us the start is always
  // the .got.
  uint64_t TocVA = Out<ELF64BE>::Got->getVA();

  // Per the ppc64-elf-linux ABI, The TOC base is TOC value plus 0x8000
  // thus permitting a full 64 Kbytes segment. Note that the glibc startup
  // code (crt1.o) assumes that you can get from the TOC base to the
  // start of the .toc section with only a single (signed) 16-bit relocation.
  return TocVA + PPC64TocOffset;
}

RelExpr PPC64TargetInfo::getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const {
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return R_ABS;
  case R_PPC64_TOC16:
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_DS:
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_HA:
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_HI:
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_LO:
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_LO_DS:
    return R_GOTREL;
  case R_PPC64_TOC:
    return R_PPC_TOC;
  case R_PPC64_REL24:
    return R_PPC_PLT_OPD;
  }
}

void PPC64TargetInfo::writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr,
                               uint64_t PltEntryAddr, int32_t Index,
                               unsigned RelOff) const {
  uint64_t Off = GotEntryAddr - getPPC64TocBase();

  // FIXME: What we should do, in theory, is get the offset of the function
  // descriptor in the .opd section, and use that as the offset from %r2 (the
  // TOC-base pointer). Instead, we have the GOT-entry offset, and that will
  // be a pointer to the function descriptor in the .opd section. Using
  // this scheme is simpler, but requires an extra indirection per PLT dispatch.

  write32be(Buf,      0xf8410028);                   // std %r2, 40(%r1)
  write32be(Buf + 4,  0x3d620000 | applyPPCHa(Off)); // addis %r11, %r2, X@ha
  write32be(Buf + 8,  0xe98b0000 | applyPPCLo(Off)); // ld %r12, X@l(%r11)
  write32be(Buf + 12, 0xe96c0000);                   // ld %r11,0(%r12)
  write32be(Buf + 16, 0x7d6903a6);                   // mtctr %r11
  write32be(Buf + 20, 0xe84c0008);                   // ld %r2,8(%r12)
  write32be(Buf + 24, 0xe96c0010);                   // ld %r11,16(%r12)
  write32be(Buf + 28, 0x4e800420);                   // bctr
}

static std::pair<uint32_t, uint64_t> toAddr16Rel(uint32_t Type, uint64_t Val) {
  uint64_t V = Val - PPC64TocOffset;
  switch (Type) {
  case R_PPC64_TOC16: return {R_PPC64_ADDR16, V};
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_DS: return {R_PPC64_ADDR16_DS, V};
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_HA: return {R_PPC64_ADDR16_HA, V};
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_HI: return {R_PPC64_ADDR16_HI, V};
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_LO: return {R_PPC64_ADDR16_LO, V};
  case R_PPC64_TOC16_LO_DS: return {R_PPC64_ADDR16_LO_DS, V};
  default: return {Type, Val};
  }
}

void PPC64TargetInfo::relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                  uint64_t Val) const {
  // For a TOC-relative relocation, proceed in terms of the corresponding
  // ADDR16 relocation type.
  std::tie(Type, Val) = toAddr16Rel(Type, Val);

  switch (Type) {
  case R_PPC64_ADDR14: {
    checkAlignment<4>(Val, Type);
    // Preserve the AA/LK bits in the branch instruction
    uint8_t AALK = Loc[3];
    write16be(Loc + 2, (AALK & 3) | (Val & 0xfffc));
    break;
  }
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16:
    checkInt<16>(Val, Type);
    write16be(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_DS:
    checkInt<16>(Val, Type);
    write16be(Loc, (read16be(Loc) & 3) | (Val & ~3));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_HA:
  case R_PPC64_REL16_HA:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCHa(Val));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_HI:
  case R_PPC64_REL16_HI:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCHi(Val));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHER:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCHigher(Val));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHERA:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCHighera(Val));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHEST:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCHighest(Val));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHESTA:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCHighesta(Val));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_LO:
    write16be(Loc, applyPPCLo(Val));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR16_LO_DS:
  case R_PPC64_REL16_LO:
    write16be(Loc, (read16be(Loc) & 3) | (applyPPCLo(Val) & ~3));
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR32:
  case R_PPC64_REL32:
    checkInt<32>(Val, Type);
    write32be(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_PPC64_ADDR64:
  case R_PPC64_REL64:
  case R_PPC64_TOC:
    write64be(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_PPC64_REL24: {
    uint32_t Mask = 0x03FFFFFC;
    checkInt<24>(Val, Type);
    write32be(Loc, (read32be(Loc) & ~Mask) | (Val & Mask));
    break;
  }
  default:
    fatal("unrecognized reloc " + Twine(Type));
  }
}

AArch64TargetInfo::AArch64TargetInfo() {
  CopyRel = R_AARCH64_COPY;
  RelativeRel = R_AARCH64_RELATIVE;
  IRelativeRel = R_AARCH64_IRELATIVE;
  GotRel = R_AARCH64_GLOB_DAT;
  PltRel = R_AARCH64_JUMP_SLOT;
  TlsDescRel = R_AARCH64_TLSDESC;
  TlsGotRel = R_AARCH64_TLS_TPREL64;
  GotEntrySize = 8;
  GotPltEntrySize = 8;
  PltEntrySize = 16;
  PltHeaderSize = 32;

  // It doesn't seem to be documented anywhere, but tls on aarch64 uses variant
  // 1 of the tls structures and the tcb size is 16.
  TcbSize = 16;
}

RelExpr AArch64TargetInfo::getRelExpr(uint32_t Type,
                                      const SymbolBody &S) const {
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return R_ABS;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21:
    return R_TLSDESC_PAGE;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC:
    return R_TLSDESC;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_CALL:
    return R_HINT;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_HI12:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12_NC:
    return R_TLS;
  case R_AARCH64_CALL26:
  case R_AARCH64_CONDBR19:
  case R_AARCH64_JUMP26:
  case R_AARCH64_TSTBR14:
    return R_PLT_PC;
  case R_AARCH64_PREL16:
  case R_AARCH64_PREL32:
  case R_AARCH64_PREL64:
  case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_LO21:
    return R_PC;
  case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21:
    return R_PAGE_PC;
  case R_AARCH64_LD64_GOT_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD64_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC:
    return R_GOT;
  case R_AARCH64_ADR_GOT_PAGE:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21:
    return R_GOT_PAGE_PC;
  }
}

RelExpr AArch64TargetInfo::adjustRelaxExpr(uint32_t Type, const uint8_t *Data,
                                           RelExpr Expr) const {
  if (Expr == R_RELAX_TLS_GD_TO_IE) {
    if (Type == R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21)
      return R_RELAX_TLS_GD_TO_IE_PAGE_PC;
    return R_RELAX_TLS_GD_TO_IE_ABS;
  }
  return Expr;
}

bool AArch64TargetInfo::usesOnlyLowPageBits(uint32_t Type) const {
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return false;
  case R_AARCH64_ADD_ABS_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_LD64_GOT_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_LDST128_ABS_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_LDST16_ABS_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_LDST32_ABS_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_LDST8_ABS_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD64_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC:
    return true;
  }
}

bool AArch64TargetInfo::isTlsInitialExecRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_AARCH64_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21 ||
         Type == R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD64_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC;
}

uint32_t AArch64TargetInfo::getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  if (Type == R_AARCH64_ABS32 || Type == R_AARCH64_ABS64)
    return Type;
  // Keep it going with a dummy value so that we can find more reloc errors.
  errorDynRel(Type);
  return R_AARCH64_ABS32;
}

void AArch64TargetInfo::writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &) const {
  write64le(Buf, Out<ELF64LE>::Plt->getVA());
}

static uint64_t getAArch64Page(uint64_t Expr) {
  return Expr & (~static_cast<uint64_t>(0xFFF));
}

void AArch64TargetInfo::writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const {
  const uint8_t PltData[] = {
      0xf0, 0x7b, 0xbf, 0xa9, // stp	x16, x30, [sp,#-16]!
      0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x90, // adrp	x16, Page(&(.plt.got[2]))
      0x11, 0x02, 0x40, 0xf9, // ldr	x17, [x16, Offset(&(.plt.got[2]))]
      0x10, 0x02, 0x00, 0x91, // add	x16, x16, Offset(&(.plt.got[2]))
      0x20, 0x02, 0x1f, 0xd6, // br	x17
      0x1f, 0x20, 0x03, 0xd5, // nop
      0x1f, 0x20, 0x03, 0xd5, // nop
      0x1f, 0x20, 0x03, 0xd5  // nop
  };
  memcpy(Buf, PltData, sizeof(PltData));

  uint64_t Got = Out<ELF64LE>::GotPlt->getVA();
  uint64_t Plt = Out<ELF64LE>::Plt->getVA();
  relocateOne(Buf + 4, R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21,
              getAArch64Page(Got + 16) - getAArch64Page(Plt + 4));
  relocateOne(Buf + 8, R_AARCH64_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC, Got + 16);
  relocateOne(Buf + 12, R_AARCH64_ADD_ABS_LO12_NC, Got + 16);
}

void AArch64TargetInfo::writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr,
                                 uint64_t PltEntryAddr, int32_t Index,
                                 unsigned RelOff) const {
  const uint8_t Inst[] = {
      0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x90, // adrp x16, Page(&(.plt.got[n]))
      0x11, 0x02, 0x40, 0xf9, // ldr  x17, [x16, Offset(&(.plt.got[n]))]
      0x10, 0x02, 0x00, 0x91, // add  x16, x16, Offset(&(.plt.got[n]))
      0x20, 0x02, 0x1f, 0xd6  // br   x17
  };
  memcpy(Buf, Inst, sizeof(Inst));

  relocateOne(Buf, R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21,
              getAArch64Page(GotEntryAddr) - getAArch64Page(PltEntryAddr));
  relocateOne(Buf + 4, R_AARCH64_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC, GotEntryAddr);
  relocateOne(Buf + 8, R_AARCH64_ADD_ABS_LO12_NC, GotEntryAddr);
}

static void updateAArch64Addr(uint8_t *L, uint64_t Imm) {
  uint32_t ImmLo = (Imm & 0x3) << 29;
  uint32_t ImmHi = (Imm & 0x1FFFFC) << 3;
  uint64_t Mask = (0x3 << 29) | (0x1FFFFC << 3);
  write32le(L, (read32le(L) & ~Mask) | ImmLo | ImmHi);
}

static inline void updateAArch64Add(uint8_t *L, uint64_t Imm) {
  or32le(L, (Imm & 0xFFF) << 10);
}

void AArch64TargetInfo::relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                    uint64_t Val) const {
  switch (Type) {
  case R_AARCH64_ABS16:
  case R_AARCH64_PREL16:
    checkIntUInt<16>(Val, Type);
    write16le(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_ABS32:
  case R_AARCH64_PREL32:
    checkIntUInt<32>(Val, Type);
    write32le(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_ABS64:
  case R_AARCH64_PREL64:
    write64le(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_ADD_ABS_LO12_NC:
    // This relocation stores 12 bits and there's no instruction
    // to do it. Instead, we do a 32 bits store of the value
    // of r_addend bitwise-or'ed Loc. This assumes that the addend
    // bits in Loc are zero.
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0xFFF) << 10);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_ADR_GOT_PAGE:
  case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21:
    checkInt<33>(Val, Type);
    updateAArch64Addr(Loc, Val >> 12);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_LO21:
    checkInt<21>(Val, Type);
    updateAArch64Addr(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_CALL26:
  case R_AARCH64_JUMP26:
    checkInt<28>(Val, Type);
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0x0FFFFFFC) >> 2);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_CONDBR19:
    checkInt<21>(Val, Type);
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0x1FFFFC) << 3);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_LD64_GOT_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD64_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC:
    checkAlignment<8>(Val, Type);
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0xFF8) << 7);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_LDST128_ABS_LO12_NC:
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0x0FF8) << 6);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_LDST16_ABS_LO12_NC:
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0x0FFC) << 9);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_LDST8_ABS_LO12_NC:
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0xFFF) << 10);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_LDST32_ABS_LO12_NC:
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0xFFC) << 8);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC:
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0xFF8) << 7);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_TSTBR14:
    checkInt<16>(Val, Type);
    or32le(Loc, (Val & 0xFFFC) << 3);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_HI12:
    checkInt<24>(Val, Type);
    updateAArch64Add(Loc, Val >> 12);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC:
    updateAArch64Add(Loc, Val);
    break;
  default:
    fatal("unrecognized reloc " + Twine(Type));
  }
}

void AArch64TargetInfo::relaxTlsGdToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                       uint64_t Val) const {
  // TLSDESC Global-Dynamic relocation are in the form:
  //   adrp    x0, :tlsdesc:v             [R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21]
  //   ldr     x1, [x0, #:tlsdesc_lo12:v  [R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC]
  //   add     x0, x0, :tlsdesc_los:v     [_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC]
  //   .tlsdesccall                       [R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_CALL]
  //   blr     x1
  // And it can optimized to:
  //   movz    x0, #0x0, lsl #16
  //   movk    x0, #0x10
  //   nop
  //   nop
  checkUInt<32>(Val, Type);

  switch (Type) {
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_CALL:
    write32le(Loc, 0xd503201f); // nop
    return;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21:
    write32le(Loc, 0xd2a00000 | (((Val >> 16) & 0xffff) << 5)); // movz
    return;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC:
    write32le(Loc, 0xf2800000 | ((Val & 0xffff) << 5)); // movk
    return;
  default:
    llvm_unreachable("unsupported relocation for TLS GD to LE relaxation");
  }
}

void AArch64TargetInfo::relaxTlsGdToIe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                       uint64_t Val) const {
  // TLSDESC Global-Dynamic relocation are in the form:
  //   adrp    x0, :tlsdesc:v             [R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21]
  //   ldr     x1, [x0, #:tlsdesc_lo12:v  [R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC]
  //   add     x0, x0, :tlsdesc_los:v     [_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC]
  //   .tlsdesccall                       [R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_CALL]
  //   blr     x1
  // And it can optimized to:
  //   adrp    x0, :gottprel:v
  //   ldr     x0, [x0, :gottprel_lo12:v]
  //   nop
  //   nop

  switch (Type) {
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC:
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_CALL:
    write32le(Loc, 0xd503201f); // nop
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21:
    write32le(Loc, 0x90000000); // adrp
    relocateOne(Loc, R_AARCH64_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21, Val);
    break;
  case R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC:
    write32le(Loc, 0xf9400000); // ldr
    relocateOne(Loc, R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD64_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC, Val);
    break;
  default:
    llvm_unreachable("unsupported relocation for TLS GD to LE relaxation");
  }
}

void AArch64TargetInfo::relaxTlsIeToLe(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                       uint64_t Val) const {
  checkUInt<32>(Val, Type);

  if (Type == R_AARCH64_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21) {
    // Generate MOVZ.
    uint32_t RegNo = read32le(Loc) & 0x1f;
    write32le(Loc, (0xd2a00000 | RegNo) | (((Val >> 16) & 0xffff) << 5));
    return;
  }
  if (Type == R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD64_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC) {
    // Generate MOVK.
    uint32_t RegNo = read32le(Loc) & 0x1f;
    write32le(Loc, (0xf2800000 | RegNo) | ((Val & 0xffff) << 5));
    return;
  }
  llvm_unreachable("invalid relocation for TLS IE to LE relaxation");
}

AMDGPUTargetInfo::AMDGPUTargetInfo() {
  GotRel = R_AMDGPU_ABS64;
  GotEntrySize = 8;
}

void AMDGPUTargetInfo::relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                   uint64_t Val) const {
  switch (Type) {
  case R_AMDGPU_GOTPCREL:
  case R_AMDGPU_REL32:
    write32le(Loc, Val);
    break;
  default:
    fatal("unrecognized reloc " + Twine(Type));
  }
}

RelExpr AMDGPUTargetInfo::getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const {
  switch (Type) {
  case R_AMDGPU_REL32:
    return R_PC;
  case R_AMDGPU_GOTPCREL:
    return R_GOT_PC;
  default:
    fatal("do not know how to handle relocation " + Twine(Type));
  }
}

ARMTargetInfo::ARMTargetInfo() {
  CopyRel = R_ARM_COPY;
  RelativeRel = R_ARM_RELATIVE;
  IRelativeRel = R_ARM_IRELATIVE;
  GotRel = R_ARM_GLOB_DAT;
  PltRel = R_ARM_JUMP_SLOT;
  TlsGotRel = R_ARM_TLS_TPOFF32;
  TlsModuleIndexRel = R_ARM_TLS_DTPMOD32;
  TlsOffsetRel = R_ARM_TLS_DTPOFF32;
  GotEntrySize = 4;
  GotPltEntrySize = 4;
  PltEntrySize = 16;
  PltHeaderSize = 20;
}

RelExpr ARMTargetInfo::getRelExpr(uint32_t Type, const SymbolBody &S) const {
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return R_ABS;
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP11:
    return R_PC;
  case R_ARM_CALL:
  case R_ARM_JUMP24:
  case R_ARM_PC24:
  case R_ARM_PLT32:
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP19:
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP24:
  case R_ARM_THM_CALL:
    return R_PLT_PC;
  case R_ARM_GOTOFF32:
    // (S + A) - GOT_ORG
    return R_GOTREL;
  case R_ARM_GOT_BREL:
    // GOT(S) + A - GOT_ORG
    return R_GOT_OFF;
  case R_ARM_GOT_PREL:
    // GOT(S) + - GOT_ORG
    return R_GOT_PC;
  case R_ARM_BASE_PREL:
    // B(S) + A - P
    // FIXME: currently B(S) assumed to be .got, this may not hold for all
    // platforms.
    return R_GOTONLY_PC;
  case R_ARM_MOVW_PREL_NC:
  case R_ARM_MOVT_PREL:
  case R_ARM_PREL31:
  case R_ARM_REL32:
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVW_PREL_NC:
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVT_PREL:
    return R_PC;
  }
}

uint32_t ARMTargetInfo::getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  if (Type == R_ARM_ABS32)
    return Type;
  // Keep it going with a dummy value so that we can find more reloc errors.
  errorDynRel(Type);
  return R_ARM_ABS32;
}

void ARMTargetInfo::writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &) const {
  write32le(Buf, Out<ELF32LE>::Plt->getVA());
}

void ARMTargetInfo::writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const {
  const uint8_t PltData[] = {
      0x04, 0xe0, 0x2d, 0xe5, //     str lr, [sp,#-4]!
      0x04, 0xe0, 0x9f, 0xe5, //     ldr lr, L2
      0x0e, 0xe0, 0x8f, 0xe0, // L1: add lr, pc, lr
      0x08, 0xf0, 0xbe, 0xe5, //     ldr pc, [lr, #8]
      0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // L2: .word   &(.got.plt) - L1 - 8
  };
  memcpy(Buf, PltData, sizeof(PltData));
  uint64_t GotPlt = Out<ELF32LE>::GotPlt->getVA();
  uint64_t L1 = Out<ELF32LE>::Plt->getVA() + 8;
  write32le(Buf + 16, GotPlt - L1 - 8);
}

void ARMTargetInfo::writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr,
                             uint64_t PltEntryAddr, int32_t Index,
                             unsigned RelOff) const {
  // FIXME: Using simple code sequence with simple relocations.
  // There is a more optimal sequence but it requires support for the group
  // relocations. See ELF for the ARM Architecture Appendix A.3
  const uint8_t PltData[] = {
      0x04, 0xc0, 0x9f, 0xe5, //     ldr ip, L2
      0x0f, 0xc0, 0x8c, 0xe0, // L1: add ip, ip, pc
      0x00, 0xf0, 0x9c, 0xe5, //     ldr pc, [ip]
      0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // L2: .word   Offset(&(.plt.got) - L1 - 8
  };
  memcpy(Buf, PltData, sizeof(PltData));
  uint64_t L1 = PltEntryAddr + 4;
  write32le(Buf + 12, GotEntryAddr - L1 - 8);
}

RelExpr ARMTargetInfo::getThunkExpr(RelExpr Expr, uint32_t RelocType,
                                    const InputFile &File,
                                    const SymbolBody &S) const {
  // A state change from ARM to Thumb and vice versa must go through an
  // interworking thunk if the relocation type is not R_ARM_CALL or
  // R_ARM_THM_CALL.
  switch (RelocType) {
  case R_ARM_PC24:
  case R_ARM_PLT32:
  case R_ARM_JUMP24:
    // Source is ARM, all PLT entries are ARM so no interworking required.
    // Otherwise we need to interwork if Symbol has bit 0 set (Thumb).
    if (Expr == R_PC && ((S.getVA<ELF32LE>() & 1) == 1))
      return R_THUNK_PC;
    break;
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP19:
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP24:
    // Source is Thumb, all PLT entries are ARM so interworking is required.
    // Otherwise we need to interwork if Symbol has bit 0 clear (ARM).
    if (Expr == R_PLT_PC)
      return R_THUNK_PLT_PC;
    if ((S.getVA<ELF32LE>() & 1) == 0)
      return R_THUNK_PC;
    break;
  }
  return Expr;
}

void ARMTargetInfo::relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                uint64_t Val) const {
  switch (Type) {
  case R_ARM_NONE:
    break;
  case R_ARM_ABS32:
  case R_ARM_BASE_PREL:
  case R_ARM_GOTOFF32:
  case R_ARM_GOT_BREL:
  case R_ARM_GOT_PREL:
  case R_ARM_REL32:
    write32le(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_ARM_PREL31:
    checkInt<31>(Val, Type);
    write32le(Loc, (read32le(Loc) & 0x80000000) | (Val & ~0x80000000));
    break;
  case R_ARM_CALL:
    // R_ARM_CALL is used for BL and BLX instructions, depending on the
    // value of bit 0 of Val, we must select a BL or BLX instruction
    if (Val & 1) {
      // If bit 0 of Val is 1 the target is Thumb, we must select a BLX.
      // The BLX encoding is 0xfa:H:imm24 where Val = imm24:H:'1'
      checkInt<26>(Val, Type);
      write32le(Loc, 0xfa000000 |                    // opcode
                         ((Val & 2) << 23) |         // H
                         ((Val >> 2) & 0x00ffffff)); // imm24
      break;
    }
    if ((read32le(Loc) & 0xfe000000) == 0xfa000000)
      // BLX (always unconditional) instruction to an ARM Target, select an
      // unconditional BL.
      write32le(Loc, 0xeb000000 | (read32le(Loc) & 0x00ffffff));
    // fall through as BL encoding is shared with B
  case R_ARM_JUMP24:
  case R_ARM_PC24:
  case R_ARM_PLT32:
    checkInt<26>(Val, Type);
    write32le(Loc, (read32le(Loc) & ~0x00ffffff) | ((Val >> 2) & 0x00ffffff));
    break;
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP11:
    checkInt<12>(Val, Type);
    write16le(Loc, (read32le(Loc) & 0xf800) | ((Val >> 1) & 0x07ff));
    break;
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP19:
    // Encoding T3: Val = S:J2:J1:imm6:imm11:0
    checkInt<21>(Val, Type);
    write16le(Loc,
              (read16le(Loc) & 0xfbc0) |   // opcode cond
                  ((Val >> 10) & 0x0400) | // S
                  ((Val >> 12) & 0x003f)); // imm6
    write16le(Loc + 2,
              0x8000 |                    // opcode
                  ((Val >> 8) & 0x0800) | // J2
                  ((Val >> 5) & 0x2000) | // J1
                  ((Val >> 1) & 0x07ff)); // imm11
    break;
  case R_ARM_THM_CALL:
    // R_ARM_THM_CALL is used for BL and BLX instructions, depending on the
    // value of bit 0 of Val, we must select a BL or BLX instruction
    if ((Val & 1) == 0) {
      // Ensure BLX destination is 4-byte aligned. As BLX instruction may
      // only be two byte aligned. This must be done before overflow check
      Val = alignTo(Val, 4);
    }
    // Bit 12 is 0 for BLX, 1 for BL
    write16le(Loc + 2, (read16le(Loc + 2) & ~0x1000) | (Val & 1) << 12);
    // Fall through as rest of encoding is the same as B.W
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP24:
    // Encoding B  T4, BL T1, BLX T2: Val = S:I1:I2:imm10:imm11:0
    // FIXME: Use of I1 and I2 require v6T2ops
    checkInt<25>(Val, Type);
    write16le(Loc,
              0xf000 |                     // opcode
                  ((Val >> 14) & 0x0400) | // S
                  ((Val >> 12) & 0x03ff)); // imm10
    write16le(Loc + 2,
              (read16le(Loc + 2) & 0xd000) |                  // opcode
                  (((~(Val >> 10)) ^ (Val >> 11)) & 0x2000) | // J1
                  (((~(Val >> 11)) ^ (Val >> 13)) & 0x0800) | // J2
                  ((Val >> 1) & 0x07ff));                     // imm11
    break;
  case R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC:
  case R_ARM_MOVW_PREL_NC:
    write32le(Loc, (read32le(Loc) & ~0x000f0fff) | ((Val & 0xf000) << 4) |
                       (Val & 0x0fff));
    break;
  case R_ARM_MOVT_ABS:
  case R_ARM_MOVT_PREL:
    checkInt<32>(Val, Type);
    write32le(Loc, (read32le(Loc) & ~0x000f0fff) |
                       (((Val >> 16) & 0xf000) << 4) | ((Val >> 16) & 0xfff));
    break;
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVT_ABS:
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVT_PREL:
    // Encoding T1: A = imm4:i:imm3:imm8
    checkInt<32>(Val, Type);
    write16le(Loc,
              0xf2c0 |                     // opcode
                  ((Val >> 17) & 0x0400) | // i
                  ((Val >> 28) & 0x000f)); // imm4
    write16le(Loc + 2,
              (read16le(Loc + 2) & 0x8f00) | // opcode
                  ((Val >> 12) & 0x7000) |   // imm3
                  ((Val >> 16) & 0x00ff));   // imm8
    break;
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVW_ABS_NC:
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVW_PREL_NC:
    // Encoding T3: A = imm4:i:imm3:imm8
    write16le(Loc,
              0xf240 |                     // opcode
                  ((Val >> 1) & 0x0400) |  // i
                  ((Val >> 12) & 0x000f)); // imm4
    write16le(Loc + 2,
              (read16le(Loc + 2) & 0x8f00) | // opcode
                  ((Val << 4) & 0x7000) |    // imm3
                  (Val & 0x00ff));           // imm8
    break;
  default:
    fatal("unrecognized reloc " + Twine(Type));
  }
}

uint64_t ARMTargetInfo::getImplicitAddend(const uint8_t *Buf,
                                          uint32_t Type) const {
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return 0;
  case R_ARM_ABS32:
  case R_ARM_BASE_PREL:
  case R_ARM_GOTOFF32:
  case R_ARM_GOT_BREL:
  case R_ARM_GOT_PREL:
  case R_ARM_REL32:
    return SignExtend64<32>(read32le(Buf));
  case R_ARM_PREL31:
    return SignExtend64<31>(read32le(Buf));
  case R_ARM_CALL:
  case R_ARM_JUMP24:
  case R_ARM_PC24:
  case R_ARM_PLT32:
    return SignExtend64<26>(read32le(Buf) << 2);
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP11:
    return SignExtend64<12>(read16le(Buf) << 1);
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP19: {
    // Encoding T3: A = S:J2:J1:imm10:imm6:0
    uint16_t Hi = read16le(Buf);
    uint16_t Lo = read16le(Buf + 2);
    return SignExtend64<20>(((Hi & 0x0400) << 10) | // S
                            ((Lo & 0x0800) << 8) |  // J2
                            ((Lo & 0x2000) << 5) |  // J1
                            ((Hi & 0x003f) << 12) | // imm6
                            ((Lo & 0x07ff) << 1));  // imm11:0
  }
  case R_ARM_THM_CALL:
  case R_ARM_THM_JUMP24: {
    // Encoding B T4, BL T1, BLX T2: A = S:I1:I2:imm10:imm11:0
    // I1 = NOT(J1 EOR S), I2 = NOT(J2 EOR S)
    // FIXME: I1 and I2 require v6T2ops
    uint16_t Hi = read16le(Buf);
    uint16_t Lo = read16le(Buf + 2);
    return SignExtend64<24>(((Hi & 0x0400) << 14) |                    // S
                            (~((Lo ^ (Hi << 3)) << 10) & 0x00800000) | // I1
                            (~((Lo ^ (Hi << 1)) << 11) & 0x00400000) | // I2
                            ((Hi & 0x003ff) << 12) |                   // imm0
                            ((Lo & 0x007ff) << 1)); // imm11:0
  }
  // ELF for the ARM Architecture 4.6.1.1 the implicit addend for MOVW and
  // MOVT is in the range -32768 <= A < 32768
  case R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC:
  case R_ARM_MOVT_ABS:
  case R_ARM_MOVW_PREL_NC:
  case R_ARM_MOVT_PREL: {
    uint64_t Val = read32le(Buf) & 0x000f0fff;
    return SignExtend64<16>(((Val & 0x000f0000) >> 4) | (Val & 0x00fff));
  }
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVW_ABS_NC:
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVT_ABS:
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVW_PREL_NC:
  case R_ARM_THM_MOVT_PREL: {
    // Encoding T3: A = imm4:i:imm3:imm8
    uint16_t Hi = read16le(Buf);
    uint16_t Lo = read16le(Buf + 2);
    return SignExtend64<16>(((Hi & 0x000f) << 12) | // imm4
                            ((Hi & 0x0400) << 1) |  // i
                            ((Lo & 0x7000) >> 4) |  // imm3
                            (Lo & 0x00ff));         // imm8
  }
  }
}

template <class ELFT> MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::MipsTargetInfo() {
  GotPltHeaderEntriesNum = 2;
  PageSize = 65536;
  GotEntrySize = sizeof(typename ELFT::uint);
  GotPltEntrySize = sizeof(typename ELFT::uint);
  PltEntrySize = 16;
  PltHeaderSize = 32;
  CopyRel = R_MIPS_COPY;
  PltRel = R_MIPS_JUMP_SLOT;
  if (ELFT::Is64Bits) {
    RelativeRel = (R_MIPS_64 << 8) | R_MIPS_REL32;
    TlsGotRel = R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL64;
    TlsModuleIndexRel = R_MIPS_TLS_DTPMOD64;
    TlsOffsetRel = R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL64;
  } else {
    RelativeRel = R_MIPS_REL32;
    TlsGotRel = R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL32;
    TlsModuleIndexRel = R_MIPS_TLS_DTPMOD32;
    TlsOffsetRel = R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL32;
  }
}

template <class ELFT>
RelExpr MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::getRelExpr(uint32_t Type,
                                         const SymbolBody &S) const {
  if (ELFT::Is64Bits)
    // See comment in the calculateMips64RelChain.
    Type &= 0xff;
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return R_ABS;
  case R_MIPS_JALR:
    return R_HINT;
  case R_MIPS_GPREL16:
  case R_MIPS_GPREL32:
    return R_GOTREL;
  case R_MIPS_26:
    return R_PLT;
  case R_MIPS_HI16:
  case R_MIPS_LO16:
  case R_MIPS_GOT_OFST:
    // MIPS _gp_disp designates offset between start of function and 'gp'
    // pointer into GOT. __gnu_local_gp is equal to the current value of
    // the 'gp'. Therefore any relocations against them do not require
    // dynamic relocation.
    if (&S == ElfSym<ELFT>::MipsGpDisp)
      return R_PC;
    return R_ABS;
  case R_MIPS_PC32:
  case R_MIPS_PC16:
  case R_MIPS_PC19_S2:
  case R_MIPS_PC21_S2:
  case R_MIPS_PC26_S2:
  case R_MIPS_PCHI16:
  case R_MIPS_PCLO16:
    return R_PC;
  case R_MIPS_GOT16:
    if (S.isLocal())
      return R_MIPS_GOT_LOCAL_PAGE;
  // fallthrough
  case R_MIPS_CALL16:
  case R_MIPS_GOT_DISP:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_GOTTPREL:
    return R_MIPS_GOT_OFF;
  case R_MIPS_GOT_PAGE:
    return R_MIPS_GOT_LOCAL_PAGE;
  case R_MIPS_TLS_GD:
    return R_MIPS_TLSGD;
  case R_MIPS_TLS_LDM:
    return R_MIPS_TLSLD;
  }
}

template <class ELFT>
uint32_t MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::getDynRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  if (Type == R_MIPS_32 || Type == R_MIPS_64)
    return RelativeRel;
  // Keep it going with a dummy value so that we can find more reloc errors.
  errorDynRel(Type);
  return R_MIPS_32;
}

template <class ELFT>
bool MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::isTlsLocalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_MIPS_TLS_LDM;
}

template <class ELFT>
bool MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::isTlsGlobalDynamicRel(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_MIPS_TLS_GD;
}

template <class ELFT>
void MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::writeGotPlt(uint8_t *Buf, const SymbolBody &) const {
  write32<ELFT::TargetEndianness>(Buf, Out<ELFT>::Plt->getVA());
}

static uint16_t mipsHigh(uint64_t V) { return (V + 0x8000) >> 16; }

template <endianness E, uint8_t BSIZE, uint8_t SHIFT>
static int64_t getPcRelocAddend(const uint8_t *Loc) {
  uint32_t Instr = read32<E>(Loc);
  uint32_t Mask = 0xffffffff >> (32 - BSIZE);
  return SignExtend64<BSIZE + SHIFT>((Instr & Mask) << SHIFT);
}

template <endianness E, uint8_t BSIZE, uint8_t SHIFT>
static void applyMipsPcReloc(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type, uint64_t V) {
  uint32_t Mask = 0xffffffff >> (32 - BSIZE);
  uint32_t Instr = read32<E>(Loc);
  if (SHIFT > 0)
    checkAlignment<(1 << SHIFT)>(V, Type);
  checkInt<BSIZE + SHIFT>(V, Type);
  write32<E>(Loc, (Instr & ~Mask) | ((V >> SHIFT) & Mask));
}

template <endianness E>
static void writeMipsHi16(uint8_t *Loc, uint64_t V) {
  uint32_t Instr = read32<E>(Loc);
  write32<E>(Loc, (Instr & 0xffff0000) | mipsHigh(V));
}

template <endianness E>
static void writeMipsLo16(uint8_t *Loc, uint64_t V) {
  uint32_t Instr = read32<E>(Loc);
  write32<E>(Loc, (Instr & 0xffff0000) | (V & 0xffff));
}

template <class ELFT>
void MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::writePltHeader(uint8_t *Buf) const {
  const endianness E = ELFT::TargetEndianness;
  write32<E>(Buf, 0x3c1c0000);      // lui   $28, %hi(&GOTPLT[0])
  write32<E>(Buf + 4, 0x8f990000);  // lw    $25, %lo(&GOTPLT[0])($28)
  write32<E>(Buf + 8, 0x279c0000);  // addiu $28, $28, %lo(&GOTPLT[0])
  write32<E>(Buf + 12, 0x031cc023); // subu  $24, $24, $28
  write32<E>(Buf + 16, 0x03e07825); // move  $15, $31
  write32<E>(Buf + 20, 0x0018c082); // srl   $24, $24, 2
  write32<E>(Buf + 24, 0x0320f809); // jalr  $25
  write32<E>(Buf + 28, 0x2718fffe); // subu  $24, $24, 2
  uint64_t Got = Out<ELFT>::GotPlt->getVA();
  writeMipsHi16<E>(Buf, Got);
  writeMipsLo16<E>(Buf + 4, Got);
  writeMipsLo16<E>(Buf + 8, Got);
}

template <class ELFT>
void MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::writePlt(uint8_t *Buf, uint64_t GotEntryAddr,
                                    uint64_t PltEntryAddr, int32_t Index,
                                    unsigned RelOff) const {
  const endianness E = ELFT::TargetEndianness;
  write32<E>(Buf, 0x3c0f0000);      // lui   $15, %hi(.got.plt entry)
  write32<E>(Buf + 4, 0x8df90000);  // l[wd] $25, %lo(.got.plt entry)($15)
  write32<E>(Buf + 8, 0x03200008);  // jr    $25
  write32<E>(Buf + 12, 0x25f80000); // addiu $24, $15, %lo(.got.plt entry)
  writeMipsHi16<E>(Buf, GotEntryAddr);
  writeMipsLo16<E>(Buf + 4, GotEntryAddr);
  writeMipsLo16<E>(Buf + 12, GotEntryAddr);
}

template <class ELFT>
RelExpr MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::getThunkExpr(RelExpr Expr, uint32_t Type,
                                           const InputFile &File,
                                           const SymbolBody &S) const {
  // Any MIPS PIC code function is invoked with its address in register $t9.
  // So if we have a branch instruction from non-PIC code to the PIC one
  // we cannot make the jump directly and need to create a small stubs
  // to save the target function address.
  // See page 3-38 ftp://www.linux-mips.org/pub/linux/mips/doc/ABI/mipsabi.pdf
  if (Type != R_MIPS_26)
    return Expr;
  auto *F = dyn_cast<ELFFileBase<ELFT>>(&File);
  if (!F)
    return Expr;
  // If current file has PIC code, LA25 stub is not required.
  if (F->getObj().getHeader()->e_flags & EF_MIPS_PIC)
    return Expr;
  auto *D = dyn_cast<DefinedRegular<ELFT>>(&S);
  if (!D || !D->Section)
    return Expr;
  // LA25 is required if target file has PIC code
  // or target symbol is a PIC symbol.
  const ELFFile<ELFT> &DefFile = D->Section->getFile()->getObj();
  bool PicFile = DefFile.getHeader()->e_flags & EF_MIPS_PIC;
  bool PicSym = (D->StOther & STO_MIPS_MIPS16) == STO_MIPS_PIC;
  return (PicFile || PicSym) ? R_THUNK_ABS : Expr;
}

template <class ELFT>
uint64_t MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::getImplicitAddend(const uint8_t *Buf,
                                                 uint32_t Type) const {
  const endianness E = ELFT::TargetEndianness;
  switch (Type) {
  default:
    return 0;
  case R_MIPS_32:
  case R_MIPS_GPREL32:
    return read32<E>(Buf);
  case R_MIPS_26:
    // FIXME (simon): If the relocation target symbol is not a PLT entry
    // we should use another expression for calculation:
    // ((A << 2) | (P & 0xf0000000)) >> 2
    return SignExtend64<28>(read32<E>(Buf) << 2);
  case R_MIPS_GPREL16:
  case R_MIPS_LO16:
  case R_MIPS_PCLO16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL_HI16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL_LO16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL_HI16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL_LO16:
    return SignExtend64<16>(read32<E>(Buf));
  case R_MIPS_PC16:
    return getPcRelocAddend<E, 16, 2>(Buf);
  case R_MIPS_PC19_S2:
    return getPcRelocAddend<E, 19, 2>(Buf);
  case R_MIPS_PC21_S2:
    return getPcRelocAddend<E, 21, 2>(Buf);
  case R_MIPS_PC26_S2:
    return getPcRelocAddend<E, 26, 2>(Buf);
  case R_MIPS_PC32:
    return getPcRelocAddend<E, 32, 0>(Buf);
  }
}

static std::pair<uint32_t, uint64_t> calculateMips64RelChain(uint32_t Type,
                                                             uint64_t Val) {
  // MIPS N64 ABI packs multiple relocations into the single relocation
  // record. In general, all up to three relocations can have arbitrary
  // types. In fact, Clang and GCC uses only a few combinations. For now,
  // we support two of them. That is allow to pass at least all LLVM
  // test suite cases.
  // <any relocation> / R_MIPS_SUB / R_MIPS_HI16 | R_MIPS_LO16
  // <any relocation> / R_MIPS_64 / R_MIPS_NONE
  // The first relocation is a 'real' relocation which is calculated
  // using the corresponding symbol's value. The second and the third
  // relocations used to modify result of the first one: extend it to
  // 64-bit, extract high or low part etc. For details, see part 2.9 Relocation
  // at the https://dmz-portal.mips.com/mw/images/8/82/007-4658-001.pdf
  uint32_t Type2 = (Type >> 8) & 0xff;
  uint32_t Type3 = (Type >> 16) & 0xff;
  if (Type2 == R_MIPS_NONE && Type3 == R_MIPS_NONE)
    return std::make_pair(Type, Val);
  if (Type2 == R_MIPS_64 && Type3 == R_MIPS_NONE)
    return std::make_pair(Type2, Val);
  if (Type2 == R_MIPS_SUB && (Type3 == R_MIPS_HI16 || Type3 == R_MIPS_LO16))
    return std::make_pair(Type3, -Val);
  error("unsupported relocations combination " + Twine(Type));
  return std::make_pair(Type & 0xff, Val);
}

template <class ELFT>
void MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::relocateOne(uint8_t *Loc, uint32_t Type,
                                       uint64_t Val) const {
  const endianness E = ELFT::TargetEndianness;
  // Thread pointer and DRP offsets from the start of TLS data area.
  // https://www.linux-mips.org/wiki/NPTL
  if (Type == R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL_HI16 || Type == R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL_LO16)
    Val -= 0x8000;
  else if (Type == R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL_HI16 || Type == R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL_LO16)
    Val -= 0x7000;
  if (ELFT::Is64Bits)
    std::tie(Type, Val) = calculateMips64RelChain(Type, Val);
  switch (Type) {
  case R_MIPS_32:
  case R_MIPS_GPREL32:
    write32<E>(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_MIPS_64:
    write64<E>(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_MIPS_26:
    write32<E>(Loc, (read32<E>(Loc) & ~0x3ffffff) | (Val >> 2));
    break;
  case R_MIPS_GOT_DISP:
  case R_MIPS_GOT_PAGE:
  case R_MIPS_GOT16:
  case R_MIPS_GPREL16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_GD:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_LDM:
    checkInt<16>(Val, Type);
  // fallthrough
  case R_MIPS_CALL16:
  case R_MIPS_GOT_OFST:
  case R_MIPS_LO16:
  case R_MIPS_PCLO16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL_LO16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_GOTTPREL:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL_LO16:
    writeMipsLo16<E>(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_MIPS_HI16:
  case R_MIPS_PCHI16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL_HI16:
  case R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL_HI16:
    writeMipsHi16<E>(Loc, Val);
    break;
  case R_MIPS_JALR:
    // Ignore this optimization relocation for now
    break;
  case R_MIPS_PC16:
    applyMipsPcReloc<E, 16, 2>(Loc, Type, Val);
    break;
  case R_MIPS_PC19_S2:
    applyMipsPcReloc<E, 19, 2>(Loc, Type, Val);
    break;
  case R_MIPS_PC21_S2:
    applyMipsPcReloc<E, 21, 2>(Loc, Type, Val);
    break;
  case R_MIPS_PC26_S2:
    applyMipsPcReloc<E, 26, 2>(Loc, Type, Val);
    break;
  case R_MIPS_PC32:
    applyMipsPcReloc<E, 32, 0>(Loc, Type, Val);
    break;
  default:
    fatal("unrecognized reloc " + Twine(Type));
  }
}

template <class ELFT>
bool MipsTargetInfo<ELFT>::usesOnlyLowPageBits(uint32_t Type) const {
  return Type == R_MIPS_LO16 || Type == R_MIPS_GOT_OFST;
}
}
}