1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <[email protected]>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 1920190413: 20 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc 21 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly 22 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS. 23 2420190412: 25 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 26 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 27 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 28 or higher. 29 3020190307: 31 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries 32 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS). 33 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again. 34 3520190216: 36 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 37 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 38 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 39 or higher. 40 4120190226: 42 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 43 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 44 kernel config. 45 4620190214: 47 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 48 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 49 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 50 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 51 is loaded automatically. 52 5320181228: 54 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 55 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 56 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 57 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 58 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect 59 most NFSv4 mounts. 60 6120181129: 62 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 63 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 64 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 65 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 66 6720181115: 68 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 69 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 70 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by 71 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all 72 FreeBSD-12 releases. 73 7420181019: 75 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head 76 revision r339432. 77 7820181015: 79 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 80 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 81 drm-legacy-kmod. 82 83 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 84 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 85 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 86 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 87 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 88 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 89 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 90 that as you will get better support. 91 92 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 93 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 94 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap 95 and report any issues to [email protected]. 96 97 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 98 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 99 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 100 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 101 shortly. 102 10320181012: 104 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 105 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 106 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 107 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 108 be adjusted as necessary. 109 11020181009: 111 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 112 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is 113 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 114 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 115 11620181006: 117 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 118 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 119 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 120 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 121 encouraged. 122 12320181002: 124 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 125 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 126 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 127 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 128 nda device name. 129 13020180913: 131 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 132 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 133 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 134 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 135 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 136 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 137 13820180826: 139 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 140 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 141 default since FreeBSD-11. 142 14320180822: 144 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 145 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 146 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 147 14820180818: 149 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 150 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 151 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 152 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 153 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 154 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 155 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 156 157 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 158 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 159 16020180815: 161 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 162 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 163 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 164 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 165 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 166 may not be observed in a future release. 167 16820180808: 169 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 170 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 171 your environment. 172 17320180731: 174 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 175 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 176 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 177 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 178 17920180730: 180 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 181 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 182 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 183 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 184 runtime services. 185 18620180727: 187 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 188 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 189 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 190 19120180723: 192 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 193 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 194 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 195 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 196 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 197 19820180720: 199 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 200 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 201 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 202 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 203 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 204 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 205 20620180719: 207 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 208 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 209 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add : 210 boot_serial=YES 211 boot_multicons=YES 212 in /boot/loader.conf 213 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 214 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that 215 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer. 216 21720180719: 218 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 219 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 220 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 221 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 222 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 223 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 224 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 225 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 226 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 227 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 228 by the ntpd user. 229 23020180717: 231 Big endian arm support has been removed. 232 23320180711: 234 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 235 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 236 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 237 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 238 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 239 24020180705: 241 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 242 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 243 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 244 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 245 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 246 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 247 24820180702: 249 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 250 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 251 25220180701: 253 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 254 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 255 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 256 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 257 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 258 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 259 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 260 26120180630: 262 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 263 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 264 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 265 or higher. 266 26720180628: 268 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 269 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 270 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file. 271 27220180612: 273 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 274 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 275 27620180530: 277 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 278 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 279 longer necessary. 280 28120180530: 282 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 283 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 284 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 285 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 286 28720180523: 288 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 289 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 290 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 291 later than r334108. 292 29320180517: 294 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 295 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 296 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 297 it must be removed. 298 29920180510: 300 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 301 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 302 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 303 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 304 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 305 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 306 will go away. 307 308 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 309 workaround is necessary. 310 31120180508: 312 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 313 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and 314 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 315 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 316 31720180504: 318 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 319 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 320 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 321 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 322 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 323 32420180502: 325 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 326 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 327 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 328 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 329 33020180501: 331 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 332 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 333 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 334 be removed. 335 33620180413: 337 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 338 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 339 removed. 340 34120180411: 342 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 343 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 344 removed. 345 34620180406: 347 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 348 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 349 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 350 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 351 microseconds and time zone offsets. 352 353 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 354 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 355 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 356 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 357 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 358 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 359 adjustments, depending on the software used. 360 361 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 362 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 363 364 source src { 365 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 366 } 367 368 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 369 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 370 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 371 372 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 373 374 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 375 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 376 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 377 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 378 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 379 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 380 thus expected to continue to function as before. 381 382 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 383 change. 384 38520180328: 386 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 387 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 388 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 389 39020180323: 391 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 392 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 393 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 394 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 395 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 396 should be as simple as: 397 398 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 399 $ make depend all install 400 40120180212: 402 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 403 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 404 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 405 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 406 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 407 provisions for backup boot methods. 408 40920180211: 410 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 411 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to 412 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and [email protected]. 413 41420180114: 415 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 416 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 417 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 418 or higher. 419 42020180110: 421 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 422 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 423 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 424 425 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 426 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 427 42820180110: 429 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 430 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still 431 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it 432 from kernel config files. 433 43420180104: 435 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 436 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 437 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 438 439 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 440 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 441 44220180102: 443 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 444 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 445 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 446 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 447 44820171215: 449 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 450 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 451 45220171214: 453 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 454 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 455 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 456 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 457 45820171125: 459 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 460 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 461 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 462 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 463 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 464 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 465 46620171110: 467 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 468 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 469 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 470 47120171106: 472 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 473 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 474 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 475 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 476 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 477 47820171102: 479 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 480 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 481 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 482 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 483 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 484 environment. 485 48620171101: 487 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 488 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 489 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 490 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 491 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 492 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 493 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 494 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 495 than hardcoding paths. 496 49720171028: 498 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 499 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 500 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 501 50220171021: 503 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 504 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 505 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 506 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 507 50820171010: 509 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 510 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 511 51220171005: 513 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 514 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 515 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 516 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 517 51820171003: 519 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 520 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 521 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 522 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 523 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 524 52520170912: 526 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 527 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 528 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 529 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 530 /etc/ctl.conf . 531 53220170912: 533 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 534 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 535 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 536 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 537 soft-float everything else should be affected. 538 53920170826: 540 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 541 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 542 54320170825: 544 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 545 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 546 to complete. 547 54820170814: 549 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 550 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 551 ${TESTSDIR}. 552 553 Behavioral changes: 554 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 555 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 556 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 557 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 558 559 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 560 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 561 sandbox if successful. 562 563 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 564 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 565 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 566 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 567 an unprivileged user. 568 56920170808: 570 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 571 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 572 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 573 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 574 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 575 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 576 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 577 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 578 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 579 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 580 to which you should answer yes. 581 58220170728: 583 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 584 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 585 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 586 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 587 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 588 58920170722: 590 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 591 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 592 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 593 59420170701: 595 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 596 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 597 59820170625: 599 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 600 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 601 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 602 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 603 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 604 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 605 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 606 60720170623: 608 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 609 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 610 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 611 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 612 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 613 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 614 61520170620: 616 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 617 if you require the GPL compiler. 618 61920170618: 620 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 621 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 622 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 623 62420170617: 625 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 626 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 627 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 628 followed. 629 63020170531: 631 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 632 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 633 from ports (and recommends to install it). 634 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 635 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 636 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 637 63820170524: 639 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 640 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 641 which only require one chipset support. 642 643 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 644 645 if_ath_load="YES" 646 647 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 648 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 649 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 650 651 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 652 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 653 654 * load ath_hal 655 * load the chip modules in question 656 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 657 * load ath_main 658 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 659 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 660 661 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 662 66320170523: 664 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 665 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 666 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 667 668 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 669 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 670 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 671 672 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 673 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the 674 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild 675 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically, 676 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before 677 installing world. 678 67920170424: 680 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 681 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 682 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 683 68420170420: 685 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 686 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 687 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 688 68920170413: 690 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 691 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 692 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 693 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 694 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 695 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 696 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 697 69820170407: 699 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 700 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 701 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 702 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 703 70420170405: 705 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 706 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 707 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 708 70920170331: 710 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 711 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 712 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 713 71420170329: 715 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 716 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 717 718 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 719 via one of the following methods: 720 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 721 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 722 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 723 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 724 725 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 726 72720170316: 728 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 729 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 730 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 731 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 732 with mmc.ko). 733 73420170315: 735 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 736 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 737 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 738 be prefixed with colon. 739 74020170311: 741 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 742 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 743 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 744 74520170302: 746 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 747 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 748 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 749 75020170221: 751 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 752 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 753 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 754 change. 755 75620170216: 757 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 758 valid. 759 76020170215: 761 MCA bus support has been removed. 762 76320170127: 764 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 765 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 766 76720170112: 768 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 769 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 770 77120170109: 772 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 773 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 774 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 775 77620161217: 777 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 778 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 779 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 780 78120161124: 782 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 783 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 784 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 785 78620161119: 787 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 788 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 789 that link against it need to be recompiled. 790 79120161030: 792 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 793 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 794 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 795 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 796 79720161017: 798 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 799 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 800 parts. 801 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 802 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 803 80420161015: 805 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 806 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 807 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 808 removed from base. 809 81020161008: 811 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 812 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 813 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 814 81520161003: 816 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 817 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 818 81920160924: 820 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 821 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 822 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 823 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 824 82520160918: 826 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 827 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 828 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 829 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 830 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 831 83220160918: 833 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 834 83520160908: 836 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 837 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 838 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 839 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 840 84120160824: 842 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 843 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 844 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 845 to 1200005. 846 84720160818: 848 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 849 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 850 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 851 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 852 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 853 0. 854 85520160818: 856 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 857 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 858 85920160708: 860 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 861 86220160622: 863 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 864 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 865 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 866 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 867 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 868 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 869 kernel. 870 87120160527: 872 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 873 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 874 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 875 previously contained a line like 876 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 877 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 878 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 879 generally be fine. 880 88120160523: 882 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 883 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 884 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 885 built with the old headers. 886 88720160520: 888 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 889 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 890 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 891 installing a new libc. 892 89320160517: 894 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 895 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 896 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 897 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 898 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 899 packages will be needed. 900 901 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 902 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 903 and the install steps. 904 90520160510: 906 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 907 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 908 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 909 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 910 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 911 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 912 91320160414: 914 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 915 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 916 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 917 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 918 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 919 920 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 921 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 922 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 923 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 924 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 925 926 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 927 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 928 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 929 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 930 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 931 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 932 vendors work. 933 934 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 935 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 936 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 937 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 938 quirks entry to 0x3. 939 94020160330: 941 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 942 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 943 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 944 94520160317: 946 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 947 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 948 94920160311: 950 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 951 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 952 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 953 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 954 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 955 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 956 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 957 stale .depend files. 958 95920160306: 960 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 961 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 962 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 963 rebooting, e.g.: 964 965 make buildworld 966 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 967 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 968 make -C sys/boot install 969 <reboot in single user> 970 971 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 972 below. 973 97420160305: 975 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 976 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 977 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 978 97920160301: 980 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 981 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 982 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 983 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 984 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 985 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 986 98720160226: 988 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 989 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 990 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 991 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 992 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 993 99420160129: 995 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 996 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 997 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 998 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 999 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 1000 100120160119: 1002 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 1003 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 1004 100520160113: 1006 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 1007 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 1008 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1009 101020151216: 1011 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 1012 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 1013 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 1014 other loaders. 1015 101620151211: 1017 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1018 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1019 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1020 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1021 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1022 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1023 102420151207: 1025 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1026 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1027 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1028 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1029 in src.conf(5). 1030 103120151130: 1032 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1033 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1034 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1035 103620151108: 1037 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1038 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1039 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1040 1041 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1042 collation results will be different. 1043 1044 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1045 locales before running make installworld. 1046 1047 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1048 104920151030: 1050 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1051 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1052 105320151020: 1054 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1055 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1056 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1057 105820151017: 1059 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1060 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1061 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1062 and 'make -N' will not. 1063 106420151012: 1065 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1066 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1067 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1068 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1069 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1070 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1071 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1072 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1073 107420151011: 1075 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1076 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1077 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1078 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1079 108020151006: 1081 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1082 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1083 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1084 108520150924: 1086 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1087 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1088 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1089 userland debug files. 1090 1091 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1092 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1093 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1094 1095 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1096 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1097 109820150827: 1099 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1100 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1101 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1102 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1103 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1104 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1105 110620150827: 1107 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1108 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1109 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1110 111120150817: 1112 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1113 them, the kernel must have 1114 1115 device random 1116 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1117 1118 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1119 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1120 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1121 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1122 1123 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1124 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1125 112620150813: 1127 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1128 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1129 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1130 113120150810: 1132 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1133 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1134 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1135 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1136 1137 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1138 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1139 difference with this change. 1140 1141 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1142 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1143 remove that workaround. 1144 114520150809: 1146 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1147 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1148 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1149 with: 1150 1151 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1152 115320150806: 1154 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1155 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1156 loader.rc.local instead. 1157 115820150805: 1159 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1160 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1161 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1162 116320150728: 1164 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1165 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1166 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1167 1168 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1169 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1170 117120150706: 1172 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1173 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1174 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1175 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1176 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1177 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1178 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1179 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1180 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1181 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1182 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1183 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1184 118520150630: 1186 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1187 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1188 1189 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1190 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1191 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1192 1193 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1194 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1195 1196 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1197 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1198 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1199 1200 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1201 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1202 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1203 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1204 1205 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1206 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1207 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1208 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1209 1210 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1211 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1212 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1213 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1214 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1215 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1216 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1217 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1218 will never happen. 1219 122020150623: 1221 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1222 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1223 122420150616: 1225 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1226 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1227 122820150615: 1229 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1230 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1231 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1232 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1233 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1234 123520150614: 1236 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1237 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1238 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1239 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1240 124120150614: 1242 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1243 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1244 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1245 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1246 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1247 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1248 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1249 1250 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1251 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1252 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1253 replace it with '2'. 1254 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1255 a file path, create a new file with: 1256 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1257 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1258 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1259 5. Restart sendmail: 1260 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1261 1262 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1263 updated. 1264 126520150604: 1266 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1267 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1268 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1269 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1270 5.x. 1271 1272 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1273 127420150525: 1275 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1276 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1277 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1278 127920150521: 1280 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1281 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1282 and Pandaboard: 1283 1284 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1285 same but content is different now 1286 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1287 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1288 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1289 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1290 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1291 129220150501: 1293 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1294 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1295 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1296 129720150423: 1298 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1299 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1300 130120150415: 1302 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1303 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1304 130520150416: 1306 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1307 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1308 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1309 131020150324: 1311 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1312 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1313 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1314 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1315 131620150315: 1317 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1318 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1319 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1320 132120150307: 1322 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1323 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1324 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1325 kernel before rebooting. 1326 132720150217: 1328 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1329 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1330 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1331 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1332 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1333 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1334 133520150210: 1336 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1337 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1338 with the new kernel. 1339 134020150131: 1341 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1342 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1343 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1344 134520150118: 1346 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1347 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1348 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1349 are not already using 3.5.0. 1350 135120150107: 1352 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1353 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1354 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1355 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1356 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1357 135820150105: 1359 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1360 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1361 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1362 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1363 136420150102: 1365 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1366 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1367 136820141231: 1369 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1370 1371 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1372 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1373 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1374 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1375 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1376 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1377 later. 1378 1379 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1380 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1381 of the box. 1382 1383 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1384 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1385 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1386 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1387 1388 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1389 the instructions for 9.x above. 1390 1391 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1392 default, and do not build clang. 1393 1394 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1395 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1396 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1397 1398 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1399 the following are most likely to appear: 1400 1401 -Wabsolute-value 1402 1403 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1404 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1405 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1406 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1407 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1408 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1409 cast, or disable the warning. 1410 1411 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1412 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1413 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1414 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1415 side-effects. 1416 1417 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1418 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1419 1420 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1421 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1422 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1423 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1424 1425 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1426 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1427 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1428 unreachable could be optimized away. 1429 143020141222: 1431 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1432 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1433 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1434 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1435 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1436 the utilities will report errors. 1437 143820141121: 1439 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1440 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1441 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1442 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1443 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1444 LOCAL_DIRS. 1445 144620141109: 1447 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1448 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1449 145020141104: 1451 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1452 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1453 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1454 drivers. 1455 1456 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1457 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1458 indicate what you need to do. 1459 1460 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1461 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1462 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1463 1464 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1465 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1466 kern.vty=sc 1467 146820141102: 1469 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1470 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1471 execute it. 1472 147320141009: 1474 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1475 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 1476 devel/gperf port. 1477 147820140923: 1479 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 1480 contrib/pjdfstest . 1481 148220140922: 1483 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 1484 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 1485 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 1486 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 1487 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 1488 their next update cycle. 1489 149020140729: 1491 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1492 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1493 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1494 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1495 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1496 149720140723: 1498 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1499 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1500 150120140719: 1502 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1503 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1504 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1505 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1506 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1507 new configuration. 1508 150920140709: 1510 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1511 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1512 them again. 1513 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1514 151520140708: 1516 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1517 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1518 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1519 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1520 requires readline. 1521 152220140702: 1523 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 1524 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 1525 architecture. 1526 152720140701: 1528 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 1529 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 1530 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 1531 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 1532 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1533 153420140629: 1535 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 1536 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 1537 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 1538 153920140619: 1540 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 1541 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 1542 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1543 154420140606: 1545 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1546 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1547 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1548 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1549 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1550 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1551 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1552 "make installworld". 1553 1554 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1555 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1556 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1557 is run. 1558 1559 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1560 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1561 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1562 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1563 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1564 156520140512: 1566 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1567 156820140508: 1569 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1570 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1571 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1572 157320140505: 1574 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1575 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1576 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1577 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1578 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1579 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1580 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1581 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1582 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1583 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1584 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1585 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1586 1587 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1588 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1589 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1590 as well. 1591 159220140430: 1593 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1594 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1595 159620140424: 1597 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1598 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1599 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1600 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1601 build hosts for older releases. 1602 1603 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1604 r276991, respectively. 1605 160620140418: 1607 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1608 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1609 will silently lack HESIOD. 1610 161120140405: 1612 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1613 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1614 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1615 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1616 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1617 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1618 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1619 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1620 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1621 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1622 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1623 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1624 162520140306: 1626 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1627 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1628 with command line option -W. 1629 163020140226: 1631 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1632 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1633 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1634 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1635 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1636 163720140216: 1638 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1639 164020140216: 1641 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1642 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1643 164420140212: 1645 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1646 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1647 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1648 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1649 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1650 165120140204: 1652 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1653 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1654 kernel is still highly recommended. 1655 165620140131: 1657 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1658 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1659 capability mode support in kernel. 1660 166120140128: 1662 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1663 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1664 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1665 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1666 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1667 166820140110: 1669 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1670 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1671 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1672 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1673 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1674 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1675 167620131213: 1677 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1678 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1679 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1680 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1681 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1682 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1683 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1684 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1685 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1686 168720131108: 1688 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1689 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1690 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1691 should change your settings to use the latter. 1692 169320131025: 1694 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1695 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1696 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1697 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1698 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1699 170020131014: 1701 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1702 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1703 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1704 delete-old-libs": 1705 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1706 or 1707 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1708 170920131010: 1710 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1711 revision r256279. 1712 1713COMMON ITEMS: 1714 1715 General Notes 1716 ------------- 1717 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1718 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1719 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1720 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1721 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1722 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1723 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1724 1725 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1726 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1727 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1728 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1729 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1730 1731 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1732 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1733 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1734 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1735 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1736 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1737 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1738 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1739 an exception. 1740 1741 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1742 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1743 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1744 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1745 1746 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1747 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1748 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1749 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1750 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1751 should write them with this in mind. 1752 1753 ZFS notes 1754 --------- 1755 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1756 these two steps: 1757 1758 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1759 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1760 1761 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1762 1763 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1764 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1765 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1766 1767 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1768 1769 To build a kernel 1770 ----------------- 1771 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1772 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1773 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1774 1775 make kernel-toolchain 1776 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1777 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1778 1779 To test a kernel once 1780 --------------------- 1781 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1782 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1783 debugging information) run 1784 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1785 nextboot -k testkernel 1786 1787 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1788 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1789 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1790 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1791 1792 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1793 make buildworld 1794 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1795 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1796 [1] 1797 <reboot in single user> [3] 1798 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1799 make installworld 1800 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1801 make delete-old [6] 1802 <reboot> 1803 1804 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1805 -------------------------------------------------- 1806 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1807 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1808 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1809 # size. 1810 1811 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1812 <boot into -stable> 1813 make buildworld 1814 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1815 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1816 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1817 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1818 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1819 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1820 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1821 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1822 <reboot into current> 1823 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1824 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1825 <reboot> 1826 1827 1828 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1829 ---------------------------------------------- 1830 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1831 make buildworld [9] 1832 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1833 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1834 [1] 1835 <reboot in single user> [3] 1836 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1837 make installworld 1838 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1839 make delete-old [6] 1840 <reboot> 1841 1842 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1843 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1844 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1845 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1846 the UPDATING entries. 1847 1848 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1849 [email protected]. Make sure that before you update 1850 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1851 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1852 much fewer pitfalls. 1853 1854 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1855 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1856 system on reboot. 1857 1858 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1859 fsck -p 1860 mount -u / 1861 mount -a 1862 cd src 1863 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1864 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1865 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1866 1867 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1868 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1869 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1870 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1871 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1872 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1873 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1874 1875 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1876 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1877 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1878 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1879 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1880 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1881 1882 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1883 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1884 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1885 1886 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by 1887 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new 1888 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> 1889 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x 1890 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1891 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable 1892 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches. 1893 1894 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1895 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1896 1897 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1898 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1899 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1900 1901 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1902 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1903 warn if it is improperly defined. 1904FORMAT: 1905 1906This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1907breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1908list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1909If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1910to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1911 1912Copyright information: 1913 1914Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1915 1916Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1917modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1918document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1919 1920THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1921IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1922WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1923DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1924INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1925(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1926SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1927HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1928STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1929IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1930POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1931 1932Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1933this document. 1934 1935$FreeBSD$ 1936