xref: /freebsd-12.1/UPDATING (revision 514bfd46)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <[email protected]>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
1920190811:
20	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
21	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
22	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
23	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
24	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
25	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
26	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
27
2820190723:
29	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
30	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
31	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
32	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
33
3420190413:
35	Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
36	functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
37	again.  The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
38
3920190412:
40	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
41	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
42	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
43	or higher.
44
4520190307:
46	The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
47	with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
48	Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
49
5020190216:
51	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
52	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
53	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
54	or higher.
55
5620190226:
57	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
58	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
59	kernel config.
60
6120190214:
62	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
63	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
64	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
65	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
66	is loaded automatically.
67
6820181228:
69	r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
70	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
71	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
72	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
73	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
74	most NFSv4 mounts.
75
7620181129:
77	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
78	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
79	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
80	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
81
8220181115:
83	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
84	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
85	FreeBSD-13.  A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
86	the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
87	FreeBSD-12 releases.
88
8920181019:
90	The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
91	revision r339432.
92
9320181015:
94	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
95	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
96	drm-legacy-kmod.
97
98	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
99	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
100	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
101	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
102	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
103	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
104	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
105	that as you will get better support.
106
107	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
108	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
109	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
110	and report any issues to [email protected].
111
112	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
113	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
114	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
115	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
116	shortly.
117
11820181012:
119	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
120	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
121	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
122	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
123	be adjusted as necessary.
124
12520181009:
126	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
127	additional various API changes througout the base system.  It is
128	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
129	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
130
13120181006:
132	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
133	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
134	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
135	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
136	encouraged.
137
13820181002:
139	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
140	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
141	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
142	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
143	nda device name.
144
14520180913:
146	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
147	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
148	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
149	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
150	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
151	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
152
15320180826:
154	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
155	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
156	default since FreeBSD-11.
157
15820180822:
159	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
160	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
161	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
162
16320180818:
164	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
165	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
166	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
167	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
168	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
169	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
170	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
171
172	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
173	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
174
17520180815:
176	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
177	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
178	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
179	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
180	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
181	may not be observed in a future release.
182
18320180808:
184	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
185	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
186	your environment.
187
18820180731:
189	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
190	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
191	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
192	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
193
19420180730:
195	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
196	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
197	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
198	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
199	runtime services.
200
20120180727:
202	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
203	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
204	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
205
20620180723:
207	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
208	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
209	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
210	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
211	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
212
21320180720:
214	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
215	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
216	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
217	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
218	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
219	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
220
22120180719:
222	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
223	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
224	setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
225	boot_serial=YES
226	boot_multicons=YES
227	in /boot/loader.conf
228	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
229	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
230	u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
231
23220180719:
233	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
234	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
235	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
236	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
237	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
238	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
239	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
240	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
241	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
242	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
243	by the ntpd user.
244
24520180717:
246	Big endian arm support has been removed.
247
24820180711:
249	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
250	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
251	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
252	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
253	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
254
25520180705:
256	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
257	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
258	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
259	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
260	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
261	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
262
26320180702:
264	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
265	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
266
26720180701:
268	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
269	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
270	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
271	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
272	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
273	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
274	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
275
27620180630:
277	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
278	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
279	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
280	or higher.
281
28220180628:
283	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
284	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
285	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
286
28720180612:
288	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
289	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
290
29120180530:
292	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
293	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
294	longer necessary.
295
29620180530:
297	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
298	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
299	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
300	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
301
30220180523:
303	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
304	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
305	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
306	later than r334108.
307
30820180517:
309	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
310	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
311	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
312	it must be removed.
313
31420180510:
315	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
316	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
317	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
318	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
319	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
320	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
321	will go away.
322
323	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
324	workaround is necessary.
325
32620180508:
327	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
328	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was aquired by Exar and
329	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
330	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
331
33220180504:
333	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
334	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
335	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
336	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
337	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
338
33920180502:
340	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
341	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
342	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
343	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
344
34520180501:
346	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
347	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
348	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
349	be removed.
350
35120180413:
352	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
353	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
354	removed.
355
35620180411:
357	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
358	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
359	removed.
360
36120180406:
362	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
363	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
364	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
365	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
366	microseconds and time zone offsets.
367
368	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
369	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
370	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
371	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
372	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
373	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
374	adjustments, depending on the software used.
375
376	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
377	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
378
379		source src {
380			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
381		}
382
383	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
384	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
385	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
386
387		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
388
389	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
390	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
391	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
392	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
393	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
394	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
395	thus expected to continue to function as before.
396
397	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
398	change.
399
40020180328:
401	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
402	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
403	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
404
40520180323:
406	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
407	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
408	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
409	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
410	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
411	should be as simple as:
412
413		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
414		$ make depend all install
415
41620180212:
417	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
418	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
419	Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
420	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
421	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
422	provisions for backup boot methods.
423
42420180211:
425	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
426	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
427	be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and [email protected].
428
42920180114:
430	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
431	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
432	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
433	or higher.
434
43520180110:
436	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
437	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
438	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
439
440	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
441        WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
442
44320180110:
444	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
445	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
446	needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
447	from kernel config files.
448
44920180104:
450	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
451	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
452	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
453
454	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
455	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
456
45720180102:
458	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
459	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
460	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
461	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
462
46320171215:
464	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
465	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
466
46720171214:
468	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
469	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
470	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
471	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
472
47320171125:
474	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
475	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
476	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
477	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
478	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
479	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
480
48120171110:
482	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
483	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
484	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
485
48620171106:
487	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
488	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
489	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
490	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
491	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
492
49320171102:
494	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
495	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
496	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
497	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
498	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
499	environment.
500
50120171101:
502	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
503	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
504	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
505	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
506	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
507	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
508	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
509	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
510	than hardcoding paths.
511
51220171028:
513	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
514	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
515	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
516
51720171021:
518	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
519	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
520	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
521	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
522
52320171010:
524	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
525	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
526
52720171005:
528	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
529	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
530	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
531	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
532
53320171003:
534	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
535	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
536	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
537	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
538	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
539
54020170912:
541	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
542	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
543	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
544	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
545	/etc/ctl.conf .
546
54720170912:
548	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
549	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
550	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
551	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
552	soft-float everything else should be affected.
553
55420170826:
555	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
556	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
557
55820170825:
559	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
560	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
561	to complete.
562
56320170814:
564	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
565	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
566	${TESTSDIR}.
567
568	Behavioral changes:
569	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
570	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
571	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
572	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
573
574	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
575	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
576	sandbox if successful.
577
578	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
579	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
580	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
581	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
582	an unprivileged user.
583
58420170808:
585	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
586	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
587	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
588	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
589	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
590	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
591	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
592	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
593	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
594	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
595	to which you should answer yes.
596
59720170728:
598	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
599	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
600	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
601	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
602	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
603
60420170722:
605	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
606	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
607	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
608
60920170701:
610	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
611	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
612
61320170625:
614	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
615	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
616	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
617	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
618	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
619	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
620	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
621
62220170623:
623	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
624	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
625	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
626	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
627	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
628	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
629
63020170620:
631	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
632	if you require the GPL compiler.
633
63420170618:
635	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
636	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
637	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
638
63920170617:
640	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
641	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
642	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
643	followed.
644
64520170531:
646	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
647	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
648	from ports (and recommends to install it).
649	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
650	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
651	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
652
65320170524:
654	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
655	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
656	which only require one chipset support.
657
658	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
659
660	if_ath_load="YES"
661
662	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
663	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
664	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
665
666	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
667	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
668
669	* load ath_hal
670	* load the chip modules in question
671	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
672	* load ath_main
673	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
674	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
675
676	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
677
67820170523:
679	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
680	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
681	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
682
683	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
684	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
685	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
686
687	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
688	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
689	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
690	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
691	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
692	installing world.
693
69420170424:
695	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
696	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
697	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
698
69920170420:
700	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
701	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
702	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
703
70420170413:
705	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
706	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
707	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
708	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
709	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
710	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
711	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
712
71320170407:
714	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
715	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
716	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
717	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
718
71920170405:
720	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
721	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
722	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
723
72420170331:
725	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
726	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
727	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
728
72920170329:
730	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
731	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
732
733	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
734	via one of the following methods:
735	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
736	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
737	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
738	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
739
740	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
741
74220170316:
743	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
744	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
745	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
746	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
747	with mmc.ko).
748
74920170315:
750	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
751	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
752	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
753	be prefixed with colon.
754
75520170311:
756	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
757	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
758	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
759
76020170302:
761	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
762	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
763	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
764
76520170221:
766	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
767	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
768	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
769	change.
770
77120170216:
772	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
773	valid.
774
77520170215:
776	MCA bus support has been removed.
777
77820170127:
779	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
780	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
781
78220170112:
783	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
784	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
785
78620170109:
787	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
788	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
789	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
790
79120161217:
792	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
793	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
794	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
795
79620161124:
797	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
798	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
799	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
800
80120161119:
802	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
803	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
804	that link against it need to be recompiled.
805
80620161030:
807	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
808	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
809	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
810	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
811
81220161017:
813	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
814	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
815	parts.
816	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
817	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
818
81920161015:
820	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
821	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
822	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
823	removed from base.
824
82520161008:
826	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
827	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
828	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
829
83020161003:
831	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
832	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
833
83420160924:
835	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
836	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
837	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
838	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
839
84020160918:
841	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
842	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
843	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
844	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
845	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
846
84720160918:
848	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
849
85020160908:
851	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
852	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
853	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
854	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
855
85620160824:
857	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
858	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
859	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
860	to 1200005.
861
86220160818:
863	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
864	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
865	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
866	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
867	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
868	0.
869
87020160818:
871	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
872	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
873
87420160708:
875	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
876
87720160622:
878	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
879	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
880	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
881	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
882	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
883	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
884	kernel.
885
88620160527:
887	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
888	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
889	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
890	previously contained a line like
891	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
892	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
893	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
894	generally be fine.
895
89620160523:
897	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
898	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
899	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
900	built with the old headers.
901
90220160520:
903	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
904	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
905	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
906	installing a new libc.
907
90820160517:
909	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
910	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
911	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
912	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
913	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
914	packages will be needed.
915
916	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
917	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
918	and the install steps.
919
92020160510:
921	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
922	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
923	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
924	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
925	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
926	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
927
92820160414:
929	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
930	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
931	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
932	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
933	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
934
935		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
936		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
937		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
938		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
939		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
940
941	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
942	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
943	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
944	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
945	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
946	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
947	vendors work.
948
949	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
950	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
951		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
952	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
953	quirks entry to 0x3.
954
95520160330:
956	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
957	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
958	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
959
96020160317:
961	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
962	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
963
96420160311:
965	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
966	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
967	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
968	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
969	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
970	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
971	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
972	stale .depend files.
973
97420160306:
975	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
976	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
977	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
978	rebooting, e.g.:
979
980	make buildworld
981	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
982	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
983	make -C sys/boot install
984	<reboot in single user>
985
986	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
987	below.
988
98920160305:
990	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
991	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
992	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
993
99420160301:
995	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
996	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
997	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
998	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
999	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1000	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1001
100220160226:
1003	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1004	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1005	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1006	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1007	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1008
100920160129:
1010	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1011	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1012	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1013	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1014	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1015
101620160119:
1017	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1018	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1019
102020160113:
1021	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1022	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1023	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1024
102520151216:
1026	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1027	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1028	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1029	other loaders.
1030
103120151211:
1032	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1033	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1034	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1035	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1036	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1037	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1038
103920151207:
1040	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1041	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1042	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1043	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1044	in src.conf(5).
1045
104620151130:
1047	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1048	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1049	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1050
105120151108:
1052	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1053	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1054	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1055
1056	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1057	collation results will be different.
1058
1059	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1060	locales before running make installworld.
1061
1062	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1063
106420151030:
1065	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1066	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1067
106820151020:
1069	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1070	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1071	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1072
107320151017:
1074	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1075	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1076	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1077	and 'make -N' will not.
1078
107920151012:
1080	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1081	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1082	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1083	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1084	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1085	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1086	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1087	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1088
108920151011:
1090	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1091	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1092	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1093	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1094
109520151006:
1096	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1097	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1098	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1099
110020150924:
1101	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1102	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1103	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1104	userland debug files.
1105
1106	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1107	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1108	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1109
1110	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1111	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1112
111320150827:
1114	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1115	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1116	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1117	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1118	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1119	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1120
112120150827:
1122	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1123	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1124	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1125
112620150817:
1127	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1128	them, the kernel must have
1129
1130	device	random
1131	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1132
1133	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1134	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1135	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1136	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1137
1138	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1139	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1140
114120150813:
1142	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1143	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1144	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1145
114620150810:
1147	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1148	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1149	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1150	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1151
1152	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1153	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1154	difference with this change.
1155
1156	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1157	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1158	remove that workaround.
1159
116020150809:
1161	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1162	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1163	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1164	with:
1165
1166	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1167
116820150806:
1169	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1170	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1171	loader.rc.local instead.
1172
117320150805:
1174	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1175	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1176	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1177
117820150728:
1179	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1180	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1181	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1182
1183	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1184	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1185
118620150706:
1187	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1188	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1189	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1190	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1191	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1192	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1193	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1194	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1195	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1196	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1197	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1198	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1199
120020150630:
1201	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1202	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1203
1204	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1205	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1206	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1207
1208	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1209	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1210
1211	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1212	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1213	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1214
1215	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1216	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1217	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1218	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1219
1220	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1221	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1222	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1223	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1224
1225	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1226	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1227	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1228	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1229	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1230	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1231	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1232	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1233	will never happen.
1234
123520150623:
1236	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1237	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1238
123920150616:
1240	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1241	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1242
124320150615:
1244	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1245	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1246	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1247	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1248	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1249
125020150614:
1251	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1252	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1253	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1254	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1255
125620150614:
1257	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1258	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1259	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1260	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1261	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1262	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1263	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1264
1265	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1266	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1267	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1268	   replace it with '2'.
1269	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1270	   a file path, create a new file with:
1271		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1272	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1273		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1274	5. Restart sendmail:
1275		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1276
1277	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1278	updated.
1279
128020150604:
1281	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1282	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1283	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1284	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1285	5.x.
1286
1287	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1288
128920150525:
1290	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1291	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1292	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1293
129420150521:
1295	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1296	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1297	and Pandaboard:
1298
1299	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1300	  same but content is different now
1301	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1302	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1303	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1304	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1305	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1306
130720150501:
1308	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1309	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1310	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1311
131220150423:
1313	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1314	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1315
131620150415:
1317	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1318	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1319
132020150416:
1321	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1322	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1323	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1324
132520150324:
1326	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1327	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1328	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1329	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1330
133120150315:
1332	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1333	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1334	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1335
133620150307:
1337	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1338	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1339	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1340	kernel before rebooting.
1341
134220150217:
1343	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1344	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1345	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1346	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1347	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1348	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1349
135020150210:
1351	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1352	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1353	with the new kernel.
1354
135520150131:
1356	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1357	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1358	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1359
136020150118:
1361	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1362	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1363	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1364	are not already using 3.5.0.
1365
136620150107:
1367	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1368	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1369	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1370	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1371	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1372
137320150105:
1374	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1375	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1376	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1377	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1378
137920150102:
1380	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1381	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1382
138320141231:
1384	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1385
1386	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1387	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1388	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1389	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1390	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1391	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1392	later.
1393
1394	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1395	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1396	of the box.
1397
1398	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1399	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1400	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1401	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1402
1403	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1404	the instructions for 9.x above.
1405
1406	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1407	default, and do not build clang.
1408
1409	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1410	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1411	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1412
1413	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1414	the following are most likely to appear:
1415
1416	-Wabsolute-value
1417
1418	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1419	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1420	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1421	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1422	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1423	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1424	  cast, or disable the warning.
1425
1426	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1427	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1428	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1429	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1430	  side-effects.
1431
1432	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1433	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1434
1435	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1436	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1437	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1438	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1439
1440	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1441	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1442	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1443	unreachable could be optimized away.
1444
144520141222:
1446	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1447	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1448	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1449	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1450	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1451	the utilities will report errors.
1452
145320141121:
1454	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1455	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1456	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1457	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1458	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1459	LOCAL_DIRS.
1460
146120141109:
1462	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1463	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1464
146520141104:
1466	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1467	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1468	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1469	drivers.
1470
1471	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1472	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1473	indicate what you need to do.
1474
1475	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1476	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1477	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1478
1479	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1480	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1481	  kern.vty=sc
1482
148320141102:
1484	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1485	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1486	execute it.
1487
148820141009:
1489	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1490	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1491	devel/gperf port.
1492
149320140923:
1494	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1495	contrib/pjdfstest .
1496
149720140922:
1498	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1499	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1500	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1501	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1502	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1503	their next update cycle.
1504
150520140729:
1506	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1507	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1508	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1509	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1510	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1511
151220140723:
1513	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1514	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1515
151620140719:
1517	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1518	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1519	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1520	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1521	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1522	new configuration.
1523
152420140709:
1525	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1526	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1527	them again.
1528	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1529
153020140708:
1531	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1532	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1533	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1534	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1535	requires readline.
1536
153720140702:
1538	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1539	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1540	architecture.
1541
154220140701:
1543	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1544	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1545	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1546	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1547	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1548
154920140629:
1550	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1551	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1552	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1553
155420140619:
1555	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1556	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1557	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1558
155920140606:
1560	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1561	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1562	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1563	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1564	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1565	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1566	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1567	"make installworld".
1568
1569	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1570	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1571	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1572	is run.
1573
1574	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1575	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1576	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1577	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1578	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1579
158020140512:
1581	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1582
158320140508:
1584	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1585	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1586	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1587
158820140505:
1589	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1590	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1591	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1592	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1593	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1594	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1595	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1596	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1597	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1598	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1599	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1600	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1601
1602	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1603	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1604	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1605	as well.
1606
160720140430:
1608	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1609	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1610
161120140424:
1612	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1613	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1614	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1615	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1616	build hosts for older releases.
1617
1618	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1619	r276991, respectively.
1620
162120140418:
1622	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1623	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1624	will silently lack HESIOD.
1625
162620140405:
1627	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1628	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1629	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1630	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1631	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1632	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1633	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1634	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1635	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1636	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1637	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1638	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1639
164020140306:
1641	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1642	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1643	with command line option -W.
1644
164520140226:
1646	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1647	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1648	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1649	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1650	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1651
165220140216:
1653	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1654
165520140216:
1656	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1657	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1658
165920140212:
1660	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1661	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1662	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1663	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1664	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1665
166620140204:
1667	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1668	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1669	kernel is still highly recommended.
1670
167120140131:
1672	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1673	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1674	capability mode support in kernel.
1675
167620140128:
1677	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1678	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1679	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1680	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1681	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1682
168320140110:
1684	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1685	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1686	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1687	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1688	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1689	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1690
169120131213:
1692	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1693	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1694	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1695	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1696	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1697	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1698	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1699	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1700	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1701
170220131108:
1703	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1704	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1705	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1706	should change your settings to use the latter.
1707
170820131025:
1709	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1710	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1711	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1712	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1713	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1714
171520131014:
1716	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1717	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1718	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1719	delete-old-libs":
1720	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1721	  or
1722	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1723
172420131010:
1725	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1726	revision r256279.
1727
1728COMMON ITEMS:
1729
1730	General Notes
1731	-------------
1732	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1733	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1734	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1735	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1736	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1737	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1738	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1739
1740	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1741	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1742	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1743	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1744	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1745
1746	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1747	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1748	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1749	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1750	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1751	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1752	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1753	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1754	an exception.
1755
1756	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1757	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1758	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1759	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1760
1761	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1762	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1763	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1764	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1765	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1766	should write them with this in mind.
1767
1768	ZFS notes
1769	---------
1770	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1771	these two steps:
1772
1773	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1774	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1775
1776	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1777
1778	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1779	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1780	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1781
1782	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1783
1784	To build a kernel
1785	-----------------
1786	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1787	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1788	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1789
1790	make kernel-toolchain
1791	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1792	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1793
1794	To test a kernel once
1795	---------------------
1796	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1797	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1798	debugging information) run
1799	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1800	nextboot -k testkernel
1801
1802	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1803	-----------------------------------------------------------
1804	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1805	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1806
1807	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1808	make buildworld
1809	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1810	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1811							[1]
1812	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1813	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1814	make installworld
1815	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1816	make delete-old					[6]
1817	<reboot>
1818
1819	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1820	--------------------------------------------------
1821	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1822	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1823	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1824	# size.
1825
1826	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1827	<boot into -stable>
1828	make buildworld
1829	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1830	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1831	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1832	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1833	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1834	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1835	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1836	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1837	<reboot into current>
1838	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1839	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1840	<reboot>
1841
1842
1843	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1844	----------------------------------------------
1845	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1846	make buildworld					[9]
1847	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1848	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1849							[1]
1850	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1851	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1852	make installworld
1853	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1854	make delete-old					[6]
1855	<reboot>
1856
1857	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1858	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1859	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1860	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1861	the UPDATING entries.
1862
1863	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1864	[email protected].  Make sure that before you update
1865	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1866	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1867	much fewer pitfalls.
1868
1869	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1870	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1871	system on reboot.
1872
1873	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1874		fsck -p
1875		mount -u /
1876		mount -a
1877		cd src
1878		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1879	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1880	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1881
1882	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1883	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1884	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1885	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1886	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1887	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1888	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1889
1890	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
1891	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1892	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1893	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1894	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1895	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1896
1897	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1898	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1899	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1900
1901	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
1902	an installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new
1903	kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
1904	option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
1905	binaries).  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1906	hard to boot to recover.  A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
1907	compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
1908
1909	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1910	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1911
1912	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1913	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1914	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1915
1916	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1917	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1918	warn if it is improperly defined.
1919FORMAT:
1920
1921This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1922breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1923list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1924If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1925to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1926
1927Copyright information:
1928
1929Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
1930
1931Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1932modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1933document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1934
1935THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1936IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1937WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1938DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1939INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1940(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1941SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1942HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1943STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1944IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1945POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1946
1947Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1948this document.
1949
1950$FreeBSD$
1951