1[](https://travis-ci.org/F-Stack/f-stack) 2 3# F-Stack 4 5 6## Introduction 7 8With the rapid development of Network Interface Cards the poor performance of data packet processing with the Linux kernel has become the bottleneck in modern network systems. Yet, the increasing demands of the Internet's growth demand a higher performant network processing solution. Kernel bypass has emerged to catch more and more attention. There are various similar technologies such as: DPDK, NETMAP and PF_RING. The main idea of kernel bypass is that Linux is only used to deal with control flow; all data streams are processed in user space. Therefore, kernel bypass can avoid performance bottlenecks caused by kernel packet copying, thread scheduling, system calls, and interrupts. Furthermore, kernel bypass can achieve higher performance with multi-optimizing methods. Within various techniques, DPDK has been widely used because of it's more thorough isolation from kernel scheduling and active community support. 9 10[F-Stack](http://www.f-stack.org/?from=github) is an open source high performant network framework based on DPDK with the following characteristics: 11 121. Ultra high network performance which the network card can achieve under full load: 10 million concurrent connections, 5 million RPS, 1 million CPS. 132. Transplant FreeBSD 11.01 user space stack, which provides a complete stack function, and cut a great amount of irrelevant features. This greatly enhances network performance. 143. Support Nginx, Redis, and other mature applications. Services can easily use F-Stack. 154. Easy to extend with multi-process architecture. 165. Provides micro thread interface. Various applications with stateful applications can easily use F-Stack to get high performance without processing complex asynchronous logic. 176. Provide an Epoll/Kqueue interface that allow many kinds of applications to easily use F-Stack. 18 19## History 20 21To deal with the increasingly severe DDoS attacks the authorized DNS server of Tencent Cloud DNSPod switched from Gigabit Ethernet to 10-Gigabit at the end of 2012. We faced several options: one is to continue to use the original network stack in the Linux kernel, another is to use kernel bypass techniques. After several rounds of investigation; we finally chose to develop our next generation of DNS server based on DPDK. The reason is DPDK provides ultra-high performance and can be seamlessly extended to 40G, or even 100G NIC, in the future. 22 23After several months of development and testing, DKDNS, high-performance DNS server based on DPDK officially released in October 2013. It's capable of achieving up to 11 million QPS with a single 10GE port and 18.2 million QPS with two 10GE ports. And then we developed a user-space TCP/IP stack called F-Stack that can process 0.6 million RPS with a single 10GE port. 24 25With the fast growth of Tencent Cloud more and more of our services needed higher network access performance. Meanwhile, F-Stack was continuing to improve, being driven by our business growth, and, ultimately developed into a general network access framework. But our initial TCP/IP stack couldn't meet the needs of these services. Continuing to develop and maintain a complete high performance network stack would have been too expensive. After evaluating several plans; we finally determined to port FreeBSD's (11.0 stable) TCP/IP stack into F-Stack. Not only does this allow us to stop reinventing the wheel, we can take advantage of the the improvments the FreeBSD community will bring in the future. Thanks to [libplebnet](https://gitorious.org/freebsd/kmm-sandbox/commit/fa8a11970bc0ed092692736f175925766bebf6af?p=freebsd:kmm-sandbox.git;a=tree;f=lib/libplebnet;h=ae446dba0b4f8593b69b339ea667e12d5b709cfb;hb=refs/heads/work/svn_trunk_libplebnet) and [libuinet](https://github.com/pkelsey/libuinet) this work became a lot easier. 26 27With the rapid development of all kinds of applications, in order to help different APPs quick and easily use F-Stack, F-Stack has integrated Nginx, Redis and other commonly used APPs, and a micro thread framework, and provides a standard Epoll/Kqueue interface. 28 29Currently, besides authorized DNS server of DNSPod, there are various products in Tencent Cloud has used the F-Stack, such as HttpDNS (D+), COS access module, CDN access module, etc.. 30 31## Quick Start 32 33 # clone F-Stack 34 mkdir /data/f-stack 35 git clone https://github.com/F-Stack/f-stack.git /data/f-stack 36 37 cd f-stack 38 # compile DPDK 39 cd dpdk/tools 40 ./dpdk-setup.sh # compile with x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc 41 42 # Set hugepage 43 # single-node system 44 echo 1024 > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages 45 46 # or NUMA 47 echo 1024 > /sys/devices/system/node/node0/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages 48 echo 1024 > /sys/devices/system/node/node1/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages 49 50 # Using Hugepage with the DPDK 51 mkdir /mnt/huge 52 mount -t hugetlbfs nodev /mnt/huge 53 54 # close ASLR; it is necessary in multiple process 55 echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space 56 57 # offload NIC 58 modprobe uio 59 insmod /data/f-stack/dpdk/x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc/kmod/igb_uio.ko 60 insmod /data/f-stack/dpdk/x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc/kmod/rte_kni.ko 61 python dpdk-devbind.py --status 62 ifconfig eth0 down 63 python dpdk-devbind.py --bind=igb_uio eth0 # assuming that use 10GE NIC and eth0 64 65 # On Ubuntu, use gawk instead of the default mawk. 66 #sudo apt-get install gawk # or execute `sudo update-alternatives --config awk` to choose gawk. 67 68 # Compile F-Stack 69 export FF_PATH=/data/f-stack 70 export FF_DPDK=/data/f-stack/dpdk/x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc 71 cd ../../lib/ 72 make 73 74#### Nginx 75 76 cd app/nginx-1.11.10 77 bash ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx_fstack --with-ff_module 78 make 79 make install 80 cd ../.. 81 /usr/local/nginx_fstack/sbin/nginx 82 83for more details, see [nginx guide](https://github.com/F-Stack/f-stack/blob/master/doc/F-Stack_Nginx_APP_Guide.md). 84 85#### Redis 86 87 cd app/redis-3.2.8/ 88 make 89 make install 90 91 If KNI is enabled in the configuration file, you should create a virtual NIC after F-Stack started, and set the ipaddr, netmask, mac addr, route table, etc. These addrs must be same with F-Stack. 92 93 If you don't have another management port, you should execute a script like this. 94 95 /usr/local/nginx_fstack/sbin/nginx 96 sleep 10 97 ifconfig veth0 <ipaddr> netmask <netmask> broadcast <broadcast> hw ether <mac addr> 98 route add -net 0.0.0.0 gw <gateway> dev veth0 99 # route add -net ... # other route rules 100 101## Nginx Testing Result 102 103Test environment 104 105 NIC:Intel Corporation Ethernet Controller XL710 for 40GbE QSFP+ 106 CPU:Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v3 @ 2.30GHz(NUMA) 107 Memory：128G 108 OS:CentOS Linux release 7.2 (Final) 109 Kernel：3.10.104-1-tlinux2-0041.tl2 110 111Nginx uses linux kernel's default config, all soft interrupts are working in the first CPU core. 112 113Nginx si means modify the smp_affinity of every IRQ, so that the decision to service an interrupt with a particular CPU is made at the hardware level, with no intervention from the kernel. 114 115Nginx_FStack's 600 cache bytes' body was returned directly in nginx.conf. 116 117All of these test cases use CPUs' physical cores. 118 119 120CPS (Connection:close, Small data packet) test result 121 122 123RPS (Connection:Keep-Alive, Small data packet) test data 124 125 126Bandwidth (Connection:Keep-Alive, 3.7k bytes data packet) test data 127 128 129## Licenses 130See [LICENSE](LICENSE) 131 132## Join us 133 134Tencent Cloud F-Stack team developed F-Stack which is a general network framework based on DPDK and provides ultra high network performance. We are here looking for more and more talented people with great passion on technology to join us. You would have the chance to work with brightest minds on this planet and help Tencent cloud and F-stack continuously evolve. Send us your resume or refer your friend to us if you are interested in joining us. 135 136Open Positions: Software engineer(C/C++), Web developer, IOS/Android developer, Product Manager, Operating Manager, etc. 137Contact: Please send your resume to [us](mailto:[email protected]) 138
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