1 /*-
2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
6 *
7 * This code is derived from software developed by the Computer Systems
8 * Engineering group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory under DARPA contract
9 * BG 91-66 and contributed to Berkeley.
10 *
11 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * are met:
14 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21 * without specific prior written permission.
22 *
23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 * SUCH DAMAGE.
34 */
35
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 __SCCSID("@(#)kvm_hp300.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93");
38
39 /*
40 * AMD64 machine dependent routines for kvm. Hopefully, the forthcoming
41 * vm code will one day obsolete this module.
42 */
43
44 #include <sys/param.h>
45 #include <sys/endian.h>
46 #include <stdint.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <string.h>
49 #include <unistd.h>
50 #include <vm/vm.h>
51 #include <kvm.h>
52
53 #include <limits.h>
54
55 #include "kvm_private.h"
56 #include "kvm_amd64.h"
57
58 struct vmstate {
59 size_t phnum;
60 GElf_Phdr *phdr;
61 amd64_pml4e_t *PML4;
62 };
63
64 /*
65 * Translate a physical memory address to a file-offset in the crash-dump.
66 */
67 static size_t
_kvm_pa2off(kvm_t * kd,uint64_t pa,off_t * ofs)68 _kvm_pa2off(kvm_t *kd, uint64_t pa, off_t *ofs)
69 {
70 struct vmstate *vm = kd->vmst;
71 GElf_Phdr *p;
72 size_t n;
73
74 if (kd->rawdump) {
75 *ofs = pa;
76 return (AMD64_PAGE_SIZE - (pa & AMD64_PAGE_MASK));
77 }
78
79 p = vm->phdr;
80 n = vm->phnum;
81 while (n && (pa < p->p_paddr || pa >= p->p_paddr + p->p_memsz))
82 p++, n--;
83 if (n == 0)
84 return (0);
85 *ofs = (pa - p->p_paddr) + p->p_offset;
86 return (AMD64_PAGE_SIZE - (pa & AMD64_PAGE_MASK));
87 }
88
89 static void
_amd64_freevtop(kvm_t * kd)90 _amd64_freevtop(kvm_t *kd)
91 {
92 struct vmstate *vm = kd->vmst;
93
94 if (vm->PML4)
95 free(vm->PML4);
96 free(vm->phdr);
97 free(vm);
98 kd->vmst = NULL;
99 }
100
101 static int
_amd64_probe(kvm_t * kd)102 _amd64_probe(kvm_t *kd)
103 {
104
105 return (_kvm_probe_elf_kernel(kd, ELFCLASS64, EM_X86_64) &&
106 !_kvm_is_minidump(kd));
107 }
108
109 static int
_amd64_initvtop(kvm_t * kd)110 _amd64_initvtop(kvm_t *kd)
111 {
112 struct kvm_nlist nl[2];
113 amd64_physaddr_t pa;
114 kvaddr_t kernbase;
115 amd64_pml4e_t *PML4;
116
117 kd->vmst = (struct vmstate *)_kvm_malloc(kd, sizeof(*kd->vmst));
118 if (kd->vmst == NULL) {
119 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "cannot allocate vm");
120 return (-1);
121 }
122 kd->vmst->PML4 = 0;
123
124 if (kd->rawdump == 0) {
125 if (_kvm_read_core_phdrs(kd, &kd->vmst->phnum,
126 &kd->vmst->phdr) == -1)
127 return (-1);
128 }
129
130 nl[0].n_name = "kernbase";
131 nl[1].n_name = 0;
132
133 if (kvm_nlist2(kd, nl) != 0) {
134 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "bad namelist - no kernbase");
135 return (-1);
136 }
137 kernbase = nl[0].n_value;
138
139 nl[0].n_name = "KPML4phys";
140 nl[1].n_name = 0;
141
142 if (kvm_nlist2(kd, nl) != 0) {
143 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "bad namelist - no KPML4phys");
144 return (-1);
145 }
146 if (kvm_read2(kd, (nl[0].n_value - kernbase), &pa, sizeof(pa)) !=
147 sizeof(pa)) {
148 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "cannot read KPML4phys");
149 return (-1);
150 }
151 pa = le64toh(pa);
152 PML4 = _kvm_malloc(kd, AMD64_PAGE_SIZE);
153 if (PML4 == NULL) {
154 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "cannot allocate PML4");
155 return (-1);
156 }
157 if (kvm_read2(kd, pa, PML4, AMD64_PAGE_SIZE) != AMD64_PAGE_SIZE) {
158 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "cannot read KPML4phys");
159 free(PML4);
160 return (-1);
161 }
162 kd->vmst->PML4 = PML4;
163 return (0);
164 }
165
166 static int
_amd64_vatop(kvm_t * kd,kvaddr_t va,off_t * pa)167 _amd64_vatop(kvm_t *kd, kvaddr_t va, off_t *pa)
168 {
169 struct vmstate *vm;
170 amd64_physaddr_t offset;
171 amd64_physaddr_t pdpe_pa;
172 amd64_physaddr_t pde_pa;
173 amd64_physaddr_t pte_pa;
174 amd64_pml4e_t pml4e;
175 amd64_pdpe_t pdpe;
176 amd64_pde_t pde;
177 amd64_pte_t pte;
178 kvaddr_t pml4eindex;
179 kvaddr_t pdpeindex;
180 kvaddr_t pdeindex;
181 kvaddr_t pteindex;
182 amd64_physaddr_t a;
183 off_t ofs;
184 size_t s;
185
186 vm = kd->vmst;
187 offset = va & AMD64_PAGE_MASK;
188
189 /*
190 * If we are initializing (kernel page table descriptor pointer
191 * not yet set) then return pa == va to avoid infinite recursion.
192 */
193 if (vm->PML4 == NULL) {
194 s = _kvm_pa2off(kd, va, pa);
195 if (s == 0) {
196 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
197 "_amd64_vatop: bootstrap data not in dump");
198 goto invalid;
199 } else
200 return (AMD64_PAGE_SIZE - offset);
201 }
202
203 pml4eindex = (va >> AMD64_PML4SHIFT) & (AMD64_NPML4EPG - 1);
204 pml4e = le64toh(vm->PML4[pml4eindex]);
205 if ((pml4e & AMD64_PG_V) == 0) {
206 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: pml4e not valid");
207 goto invalid;
208 }
209
210 pdpeindex = (va >> AMD64_PDPSHIFT) & (AMD64_NPDPEPG - 1);
211 pdpe_pa = (pml4e & AMD64_PG_FRAME) + (pdpeindex * sizeof(amd64_pdpe_t));
212
213 s = _kvm_pa2off(kd, pdpe_pa, &ofs);
214 if (s < sizeof(pdpe)) {
215 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: pdpe_pa not found");
216 goto invalid;
217 }
218 if (pread(kd->pmfd, &pdpe, sizeof(pdpe), ofs) != sizeof(pdpe)) {
219 _kvm_syserr(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: read pdpe");
220 goto invalid;
221 }
222 pdpe = le64toh(pdpe);
223 if ((pdpe & AMD64_PG_V) == 0) {
224 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: pdpe not valid");
225 goto invalid;
226 }
227
228 if (pdpe & AMD64_PG_PS) {
229 /*
230 * No next-level page table; pdpe describes one 1GB page.
231 */
232 a = (pdpe & AMD64_PG_1GB_FRAME) + (va & AMD64_PDPMASK);
233 s = _kvm_pa2off(kd, a, pa);
234 if (s == 0) {
235 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
236 "_amd64_vatop: 1GB page address not in dump");
237 goto invalid;
238 } else
239 return (AMD64_NBPDP - (va & AMD64_PDPMASK));
240 }
241
242 pdeindex = (va >> AMD64_PDRSHIFT) & (AMD64_NPDEPG - 1);
243 pde_pa = (pdpe & AMD64_PG_FRAME) + (pdeindex * sizeof(amd64_pde_t));
244
245 s = _kvm_pa2off(kd, pde_pa, &ofs);
246 if (s < sizeof(pde)) {
247 _kvm_syserr(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: pde_pa not found");
248 goto invalid;
249 }
250 if (pread(kd->pmfd, &pde, sizeof(pde), ofs) != sizeof(pde)) {
251 _kvm_syserr(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: read pde");
252 goto invalid;
253 }
254 pde = le64toh(pde);
255 if ((pde & AMD64_PG_V) == 0) {
256 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: pde not valid");
257 goto invalid;
258 }
259
260 if (pde & AMD64_PG_PS) {
261 /*
262 * No final-level page table; pde describes one 2MB page.
263 */
264 a = (pde & AMD64_PG_PS_FRAME) + (va & AMD64_PDRMASK);
265 s = _kvm_pa2off(kd, a, pa);
266 if (s == 0) {
267 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
268 "_amd64_vatop: 2MB page address not in dump");
269 goto invalid;
270 } else
271 return (AMD64_NBPDR - (va & AMD64_PDRMASK));
272 }
273
274 pteindex = (va >> AMD64_PAGE_SHIFT) & (AMD64_NPTEPG - 1);
275 pte_pa = (pde & AMD64_PG_FRAME) + (pteindex * sizeof(amd64_pte_t));
276
277 s = _kvm_pa2off(kd, pte_pa, &ofs);
278 if (s < sizeof(pte)) {
279 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: pte_pa not found");
280 goto invalid;
281 }
282 if (pread(kd->pmfd, &pte, sizeof(pte), ofs) != sizeof(pte)) {
283 _kvm_syserr(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: read");
284 goto invalid;
285 }
286 if ((pte & AMD64_PG_V) == 0) {
287 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: pte not valid");
288 goto invalid;
289 }
290
291 a = (pte & AMD64_PG_FRAME) + offset;
292 s = _kvm_pa2off(kd, a, pa);
293 if (s == 0) {
294 _kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "_amd64_vatop: address not in dump");
295 goto invalid;
296 } else
297 return (AMD64_PAGE_SIZE - offset);
298
299 invalid:
300 _kvm_err(kd, 0, "invalid address (0x%jx)", (uintmax_t)va);
301 return (0);
302 }
303
304 static int
_amd64_kvatop(kvm_t * kd,kvaddr_t va,off_t * pa)305 _amd64_kvatop(kvm_t *kd, kvaddr_t va, off_t *pa)
306 {
307
308 if (ISALIVE(kd)) {
309 _kvm_err(kd, 0, "kvm_kvatop called in live kernel!");
310 return (0);
311 }
312 return (_amd64_vatop(kd, va, pa));
313 }
314
315 int
_amd64_native(kvm_t * kd __unused)316 _amd64_native(kvm_t *kd __unused)
317 {
318
319 #ifdef __amd64__
320 return (1);
321 #else
322 return (0);
323 #endif
324 }
325
326 static struct kvm_arch kvm_amd64 = {
327 .ka_probe = _amd64_probe,
328 .ka_initvtop = _amd64_initvtop,
329 .ka_freevtop = _amd64_freevtop,
330 .ka_kvatop = _amd64_kvatop,
331 .ka_native = _amd64_native,
332 };
333
334 KVM_ARCH(kvm_amd64);
335