xref: /freebsd-13.1/stand/efi/loader/bootinfo.c (revision 1b33aa1f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith <[email protected]>
3  * Copyright (c) 2004, 2006 Marcel Moolenaar
4  * Copyright (c) 2014 The FreeBSD Foundation
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include <stand.h>
33 #include <string.h>
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/linker.h>
36 #include <sys/reboot.h>
37 #include <sys/boot.h>
38 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
39 #include <machine/elf.h>
40 #include <machine/metadata.h>
41 #include <machine/psl.h>
42 
43 #include <efi.h>
44 #include <efilib.h>
45 
46 #include "bootstrap.h"
47 #include "loader_efi.h"
48 
49 #if defined(__amd64__)
50 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
51 #endif
52 
53 #include "gfx_fb.h"
54 
55 #if defined(LOADER_FDT_SUPPORT)
56 #include <fdt_platform.h>
57 #endif
58 
59 #ifdef LOADER_GELI_SUPPORT
60 #include "geliboot.h"
61 #endif
62 
63 int bi_load(char *args, vm_offset_t *modulep, vm_offset_t *kernendp);
64 
65 extern EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE	*ST;
66 
67 int boot_services_gone;
68 
69 static int
bi_getboothowto(char * kargs)70 bi_getboothowto(char *kargs)
71 {
72 	const char *sw, *tmp;
73 	char *opts;
74 	char *console;
75 	int howto, speed, port;
76 	char buf[50];
77 
78 	howto = boot_parse_cmdline(kargs);
79 	howto |= boot_env_to_howto();
80 
81 	console = getenv("console");
82 	if (console != NULL) {
83 		if (strcmp(console, "comconsole") == 0)
84 			howto |= RB_SERIAL;
85 		if (strcmp(console, "nullconsole") == 0)
86 			howto |= RB_MUTE;
87 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__amd64__)
88 		if (strcmp(console, "efi") == 0 &&
89 		    getenv("efi_8250_uid") != NULL &&
90 		    getenv("hw.uart.console") == NULL) {
91 			/*
92 			 * If we found a 8250 com port and com speed, we need to
93 			 * tell the kernel where the serial port is, and how
94 			 * fast. Ideally, we'd get the port from ACPI, but that
95 			 * isn't running in the loader. Do the next best thing
96 			 * by allowing it to be set by a loader.conf variable,
97 			 * either a EFI specific one, or the compatible
98 			 * comconsole_port if not. PCI support is needed, but
99 			 * for that we'd ideally refactor the
100 			 * libi386/comconsole.c code to have identical behavior.
101 			 * We only try to set the port for cases where we saw
102 			 * the Serial(x) node when parsing, otherwise
103 			 * specialized hardware that has Uart nodes will have a
104 			 * bogus address set.
105 			 * But if someone specifically setup hw.uart.console,
106 			 * don't override that.
107 			 */
108 			speed = -1;
109 			port = -1;
110 			tmp = getenv("efi_com_speed");
111 			if (tmp != NULL)
112 				speed = strtol(tmp, NULL, 0);
113 			tmp = getenv("efi_com_port");
114 			if (tmp == NULL)
115 				tmp = getenv("comconsole_port");
116 			if (tmp != NULL)
117 				port = strtol(tmp, NULL, 0);
118 			if (speed != -1 && port != -1) {
119 				snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "io:%d,br:%d", port,
120 				    speed);
121 				env_setenv("hw.uart.console", EV_VOLATILE, buf,
122 				    NULL, NULL);
123 			}
124 		}
125 #endif
126 	}
127 
128 	return (howto);
129 }
130 
131 /*
132  * Copy the environment into the load area starting at (addr).
133  * Each variable is formatted as <name>=<value>, with a single nul
134  * separating each variable, and a double nul terminating the environment.
135  */
136 static vm_offset_t
bi_copyenv(vm_offset_t start)137 bi_copyenv(vm_offset_t start)
138 {
139 	struct env_var *ep;
140 	vm_offset_t addr, last;
141 	size_t len;
142 
143 	addr = last = start;
144 
145 	/* Traverse the environment. */
146 	for (ep = environ; ep != NULL; ep = ep->ev_next) {
147 		len = strlen(ep->ev_name);
148 		if ((size_t)archsw.arch_copyin(ep->ev_name, addr, len) != len)
149 			break;
150 		addr += len;
151 		if (archsw.arch_copyin("=", addr, 1) != 1)
152 			break;
153 		addr++;
154 		if (ep->ev_value != NULL) {
155 			len = strlen(ep->ev_value);
156 			if ((size_t)archsw.arch_copyin(ep->ev_value, addr, len) != len)
157 				break;
158 			addr += len;
159 		}
160 		if (archsw.arch_copyin("", addr, 1) != 1)
161 			break;
162 		last = ++addr;
163 	}
164 
165 	if (archsw.arch_copyin("", last++, 1) != 1)
166 		last = start;
167 	return(last);
168 }
169 
170 /*
171  * Copy module-related data into the load area, where it can be
172  * used as a directory for loaded modules.
173  *
174  * Module data is presented in a self-describing format.  Each datum
175  * is preceded by a 32-bit identifier and a 32-bit size field.
176  *
177  * Currently, the following data are saved:
178  *
179  * MOD_NAME	(variable)		module name (string)
180  * MOD_TYPE	(variable)		module type (string)
181  * MOD_ARGS	(variable)		module parameters (string)
182  * MOD_ADDR	sizeof(vm_offset_t)	module load address
183  * MOD_SIZE	sizeof(size_t)		module size
184  * MOD_METADATA	(variable)		type-specific metadata
185  */
186 #define	COPY32(v, a, c) {					\
187 	uint32_t x = (v);					\
188 	if (c)							\
189 		archsw.arch_copyin(&x, a, sizeof(x));		\
190 	a += sizeof(x);						\
191 }
192 
193 #define	MOD_STR(t, a, s, c) {					\
194 	COPY32(t, a, c);					\
195 	COPY32(strlen(s) + 1, a, c);				\
196 	if (c)							\
197 		archsw.arch_copyin(s, a, strlen(s) + 1);	\
198 	a += roundup(strlen(s) + 1, sizeof(u_long));		\
199 }
200 
201 #define	MOD_NAME(a, s, c)	MOD_STR(MODINFO_NAME, a, s, c)
202 #define	MOD_TYPE(a, s, c)	MOD_STR(MODINFO_TYPE, a, s, c)
203 #define	MOD_ARGS(a, s, c)	MOD_STR(MODINFO_ARGS, a, s, c)
204 
205 #define	MOD_VAR(t, a, s, c) {					\
206 	COPY32(t, a, c);					\
207 	COPY32(sizeof(s), a, c);				\
208 	if (c)							\
209 		archsw.arch_copyin(&s, a, sizeof(s));		\
210 	a += roundup(sizeof(s), sizeof(u_long));		\
211 }
212 
213 #define	MOD_ADDR(a, s, c)	MOD_VAR(MODINFO_ADDR, a, s, c)
214 #define	MOD_SIZE(a, s, c)	MOD_VAR(MODINFO_SIZE, a, s, c)
215 
216 #define	MOD_METADATA(a, mm, c) {				\
217 	COPY32(MODINFO_METADATA | mm->md_type, a, c);		\
218 	COPY32(mm->md_size, a, c);				\
219 	if (c)							\
220 		archsw.arch_copyin(mm->md_data, a, mm->md_size);	\
221 	a += roundup(mm->md_size, sizeof(u_long));		\
222 }
223 
224 #define	MOD_END(a, c) {						\
225 	COPY32(MODINFO_END, a, c);				\
226 	COPY32(0, a, c);					\
227 }
228 
229 static vm_offset_t
bi_copymodules(vm_offset_t addr)230 bi_copymodules(vm_offset_t addr)
231 {
232 	struct preloaded_file *fp;
233 	struct file_metadata *md;
234 	int c;
235 	uint64_t v;
236 
237 	c = addr != 0;
238 	/* Start with the first module on the list, should be the kernel. */
239 	for (fp = file_findfile(NULL, NULL); fp != NULL; fp = fp->f_next) {
240 		MOD_NAME(addr, fp->f_name, c); /* This must come first. */
241 		MOD_TYPE(addr, fp->f_type, c);
242 		if (fp->f_args)
243 			MOD_ARGS(addr, fp->f_args, c);
244 		v = fp->f_addr;
245 #if defined(__arm__)
246 		v -= __elfN(relocation_offset);
247 #endif
248 		MOD_ADDR(addr, v, c);
249 		v = fp->f_size;
250 		MOD_SIZE(addr, v, c);
251 		for (md = fp->f_metadata; md != NULL; md = md->md_next)
252 			if (!(md->md_type & MODINFOMD_NOCOPY))
253 				MOD_METADATA(addr, md, c);
254 	}
255 	MOD_END(addr, c);
256 	return(addr);
257 }
258 
259 static EFI_STATUS
efi_do_vmap(EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR * mm,UINTN sz,UINTN mmsz,UINT32 mmver)260 efi_do_vmap(EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *mm, UINTN sz, UINTN mmsz, UINT32 mmver)
261 {
262 	EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *desc, *viter, *vmap;
263 	EFI_STATUS ret;
264 	int curr, ndesc, nset;
265 
266 	nset = 0;
267 	desc = mm;
268 	ndesc = sz / mmsz;
269 	vmap = malloc(sz);
270 	if (vmap == NULL)
271 		/* This isn't really an EFI error case, but pretend it is */
272 		return (EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES);
273 	viter = vmap;
274 	for (curr = 0; curr < ndesc;
275 	    curr++, desc = NextMemoryDescriptor(desc, mmsz)) {
276 		if ((desc->Attribute & EFI_MEMORY_RUNTIME) != 0) {
277 			++nset;
278 			desc->VirtualStart = desc->PhysicalStart;
279 			*viter = *desc;
280 			viter = NextMemoryDescriptor(viter, mmsz);
281 		}
282 	}
283 	ret = RS->SetVirtualAddressMap(nset * mmsz, mmsz, mmver, vmap);
284 	free(vmap);
285 	return (ret);
286 }
287 
288 static int
bi_load_efi_data(struct preloaded_file * kfp)289 bi_load_efi_data(struct preloaded_file *kfp)
290 {
291 	EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *mm;
292 	EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS addr = 0;
293 	EFI_STATUS status;
294 	const char *efi_novmap;
295 	size_t efisz;
296 	UINTN efi_mapkey;
297 	UINTN dsz, pages, retry, sz;
298 	UINT32 mmver;
299 	struct efi_map_header *efihdr;
300 	bool do_vmap;
301 
302 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__aarch64__)
303 	struct efi_fb efifb;
304 
305 	efifb.fb_addr = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_addr;
306 	efifb.fb_size = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_size;
307 	efifb.fb_height = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_height;
308 	efifb.fb_width = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_width;
309 	efifb.fb_stride = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_stride;
310 	efifb.fb_mask_red = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_mask_red;
311 	efifb.fb_mask_green = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_mask_green;
312 	efifb.fb_mask_blue = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_mask_blue;
313 	efifb.fb_mask_reserved = gfx_state.tg_fb.fb_mask_reserved;
314 
315 	printf("EFI framebuffer information:\n");
316 	printf("addr, size     0x%jx, 0x%jx\n", efifb.fb_addr, efifb.fb_size);
317 	printf("dimensions     %d x %d\n", efifb.fb_width, efifb.fb_height);
318 	printf("stride         %d\n", efifb.fb_stride);
319 	printf("masks          0x%08x, 0x%08x, 0x%08x, 0x%08x\n",
320 	    efifb.fb_mask_red, efifb.fb_mask_green, efifb.fb_mask_blue,
321 	    efifb.fb_mask_reserved);
322 
323 	if (efifb.fb_addr != 0)
324 		file_addmetadata(kfp, MODINFOMD_EFI_FB, sizeof(efifb), &efifb);
325 #endif
326 
327 	do_vmap = true;
328 	efi_novmap = getenv("efi_disable_vmap");
329 	if (efi_novmap != NULL)
330 		do_vmap = strcasecmp(efi_novmap, "YES") != 0;
331 
332 	efisz = (sizeof(struct efi_map_header) + 0xf) & ~0xf;
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * Assign size of EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR to keep compatible with
336 	 * u-boot which doesn't fill this value when buffer for memory
337 	 * descriptors is too small (eg. 0 to obtain memory map size)
338 	 */
339 	dsz = sizeof(EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR);
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * Allocate enough pages to hold the bootinfo block and the
343 	 * memory map EFI will return to us. The memory map has an
344 	 * unknown size, so we have to determine that first. Note that
345 	 * the AllocatePages call can itself modify the memory map, so
346 	 * we have to take that into account as well. The changes to
347 	 * the memory map are caused by splitting a range of free
348 	 * memory into two, so that one is marked as being loader
349 	 * data.
350 	 */
351 
352 	sz = 0;
353 
354 	/*
355 	 * Matthew Garrett has observed at least one system changing the
356 	 * memory map when calling ExitBootServices, causing it to return an
357 	 * error, probably because callbacks are allocating memory.
358 	 * So we need to retry calling it at least once.
359 	 */
360 	for (retry = 2; retry > 0; retry--) {
361 		for (;;) {
362 			status = BS->GetMemoryMap(&sz, mm, &efi_mapkey, &dsz, &mmver);
363 			if (!EFI_ERROR(status))
364 				break;
365 
366 			if (status != EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) {
367 				printf("%s: GetMemoryMap error %lu\n", __func__,
368 	                           EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
369 				return (EINVAL);
370 			}
371 
372 			if (addr != 0)
373 				BS->FreePages(addr, pages);
374 
375 			/* Add 10 descriptors to the size to allow for
376 			 * fragmentation caused by calling AllocatePages */
377 			sz += (10 * dsz);
378 			pages = EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(sz + efisz);
379 			status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData,
380 					pages, &addr);
381 			if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
382 				printf("%s: AllocatePages error %lu\n", __func__,
383 				    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
384 				return (ENOMEM);
385 			}
386 
387 			/*
388 			 * Read the memory map and stash it after bootinfo. Align the
389 			 * memory map on a 16-byte boundary (the bootinfo block is page
390 			 * aligned).
391 			 */
392 			efihdr = (struct efi_map_header *)(uintptr_t)addr;
393 			mm = (void *)((uint8_t *)efihdr + efisz);
394 			sz = (EFI_PAGE_SIZE * pages) - efisz;
395 		}
396 
397 		status = BS->ExitBootServices(IH, efi_mapkey);
398 		if (!EFI_ERROR(status)) {
399 			boot_services_gone = 1;
400 			break;
401 		}
402 	}
403 
404 	if (retry == 0) {
405 		BS->FreePages(addr, pages);
406 		printf("ExitBootServices error %lu\n", EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
407 		return (EINVAL);
408 	}
409 
410 	/*
411 	 * This may be disabled by setting efi_disable_vmap in
412 	 * loader.conf(5). By default we will setup the virtual
413 	 * map entries.
414 	 */
415 
416 	if (do_vmap)
417 		efi_do_vmap(mm, sz, dsz, mmver);
418 	efihdr->memory_size = sz;
419 	efihdr->descriptor_size = dsz;
420 	efihdr->descriptor_version = mmver;
421 	file_addmetadata(kfp, MODINFOMD_EFI_MAP, efisz + sz,
422 	    efihdr);
423 
424 	return (0);
425 }
426 
427 /*
428  * Load the information expected by an amd64 kernel.
429  *
430  * - The 'boothowto' argument is constructed.
431  * - The 'bootdev' argument is constructed.
432  * - The 'bootinfo' struct is constructed, and copied into the kernel space.
433  * - The kernel environment is copied into kernel space.
434  * - Module metadata are formatted and placed in kernel space.
435  */
436 int
bi_load(char * args,vm_offset_t * modulep,vm_offset_t * kernendp)437 bi_load(char *args, vm_offset_t *modulep, vm_offset_t *kernendp)
438 {
439 	struct preloaded_file *xp, *kfp;
440 	struct devdesc *rootdev;
441 	struct file_metadata *md;
442 	vm_offset_t addr;
443 	uint64_t kernend;
444 	uint64_t envp;
445 	vm_offset_t size;
446 	char *rootdevname;
447 	int howto;
448 #if defined(LOADER_FDT_SUPPORT)
449 	vm_offset_t dtbp;
450 	int dtb_size;
451 #endif
452 #if defined(__arm__)
453 	vm_offset_t vaddr;
454 	size_t i;
455 	/*
456 	 * These metadata addreses must be converted for kernel after
457 	 * relocation.
458 	 */
459 	uint32_t		mdt[] = {
460 	    MODINFOMD_SSYM, MODINFOMD_ESYM, MODINFOMD_KERNEND,
461 	    MODINFOMD_ENVP, MODINFOMD_FONT,
462 #if defined(LOADER_FDT_SUPPORT)
463 	    MODINFOMD_DTBP
464 #endif
465 	};
466 #endif
467 
468 	howto = bi_getboothowto(args);
469 
470 	/*
471 	 * Allow the environment variable 'rootdev' to override the supplied
472 	 * device. This should perhaps go to MI code and/or have $rootdev
473 	 * tested/set by MI code before launching the kernel.
474 	 */
475 	rootdevname = getenv("rootdev");
476 	archsw.arch_getdev((void**)(&rootdev), rootdevname, NULL);
477 	if (rootdev == NULL) {
478 		printf("Can't determine root device.\n");
479 		return(EINVAL);
480 	}
481 
482 	/* Try reading the /etc/fstab file to select the root device */
483 	getrootmount(efi_fmtdev((void *)rootdev));
484 
485 	addr = 0;
486 	for (xp = file_findfile(NULL, NULL); xp != NULL; xp = xp->f_next) {
487 		if (addr < (xp->f_addr + xp->f_size))
488 			addr = xp->f_addr + xp->f_size;
489 	}
490 
491 	/* Pad to a page boundary. */
492 	addr = roundup(addr, PAGE_SIZE);
493 
494 	addr = build_font_module(addr);
495 
496 	/* Pad to a page boundary. */
497 	addr = roundup(addr, PAGE_SIZE);
498 
499 	/* Copy our environment. */
500 	envp = addr;
501 	addr = bi_copyenv(addr);
502 
503 	/* Pad to a page boundary. */
504 	addr = roundup(addr, PAGE_SIZE);
505 
506 #if defined(LOADER_FDT_SUPPORT)
507 	/* Handle device tree blob */
508 	dtbp = addr;
509 	dtb_size = fdt_copy(addr);
510 
511 	/* Pad to a page boundary */
512 	if (dtb_size)
513 		addr += roundup(dtb_size, PAGE_SIZE);
514 #endif
515 
516 	kfp = file_findfile(NULL, "elf kernel");
517 	if (kfp == NULL)
518 		kfp = file_findfile(NULL, "elf64 kernel");
519 	if (kfp == NULL)
520 		panic("can't find kernel file");
521 	kernend = 0;	/* fill it in later */
522 	file_addmetadata(kfp, MODINFOMD_HOWTO, sizeof(howto), &howto);
523 	file_addmetadata(kfp, MODINFOMD_ENVP, sizeof(envp), &envp);
524 #if defined(LOADER_FDT_SUPPORT)
525 	if (dtb_size)
526 		file_addmetadata(kfp, MODINFOMD_DTBP, sizeof(dtbp), &dtbp);
527 	else
528 		printf("WARNING! Trying to fire up the kernel, but no "
529 		    "device tree blob found!\n");
530 #endif
531 	file_addmetadata(kfp, MODINFOMD_KERNEND, sizeof(kernend), &kernend);
532 	file_addmetadata(kfp, MODINFOMD_FW_HANDLE, sizeof(ST), &ST);
533 #ifdef LOADER_GELI_SUPPORT
534 	geli_export_key_metadata(kfp);
535 #endif
536 	bi_load_efi_data(kfp);
537 
538 	/* Figure out the size and location of the metadata. */
539 	*modulep = addr;
540 	size = bi_copymodules(0);
541 	kernend = roundup(addr + size, PAGE_SIZE);
542 	*kernendp = kernend;
543 
544 	/* patch MODINFOMD_KERNEND */
545 	md = file_findmetadata(kfp, MODINFOMD_KERNEND);
546 	bcopy(&kernend, md->md_data, sizeof kernend);
547 
548 #if defined(__arm__)
549 	*modulep -= __elfN(relocation_offset);
550 
551 	/* Do relocation fixup on metadata of each module. */
552 	for (xp = file_findfile(NULL, NULL); xp != NULL; xp = xp->f_next) {
553 		for (i = 0; i < nitems(mdt); i++) {
554 			md = file_findmetadata(xp, mdt[i]);
555 			if (md) {
556 				bcopy(md->md_data, &vaddr, sizeof vaddr);
557 				vaddr -= __elfN(relocation_offset);
558 				bcopy(&vaddr, md->md_data, sizeof vaddr);
559 			}
560 		}
561 	}
562 #endif
563 
564 	/* Copy module list and metadata. */
565 	(void)bi_copymodules(addr);
566 
567 	return (0);
568 }
569