1 //===- llvm/Support/PointerLikeTypeTraits.h - Pointer Traits ----*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file defines the PointerLikeTypeTraits class.  This allows data
11 // structures to reason about pointers and other things that are pointer sized.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #ifndef LLVM_SUPPORT_POINTERLIKETYPETRAITS_H
16 #define LLVM_SUPPORT_POINTERLIKETYPETRAITS_H
17 
18 #include "llvm/Support/DataTypes.h"
19 #include <assert.h>
20 #include <type_traits>
21 
22 namespace llvm {
23 
24 /// A traits type that is used to handle pointer types and things that are just
25 /// wrappers for pointers as a uniform entity.
26 template <typename T> struct PointerLikeTypeTraits;
27 
28 namespace detail {
29 /// A tiny meta function to compute the log2 of a compile time constant.
30 template <size_t N>
31 struct ConstantLog2
32     : std::integral_constant<size_t, ConstantLog2<N / 2>::value + 1> {};
33 template <> struct ConstantLog2<1> : std::integral_constant<size_t, 0> {};
34 
35 // Provide a trait to check if T is pointer-like.
36 template <typename T, typename U = void> struct HasPointerLikeTypeTraits {
37   static const bool value = false;
38 };
39 
40 // sizeof(T) is valid only for a complete T.
41 template <typename T> struct HasPointerLikeTypeTraits<
42   T, decltype((sizeof(PointerLikeTypeTraits<T>) + sizeof(T)), void())> {
43   static const bool value = true;
44 };
45 
46 template <typename T> struct IsPointerLike {
47   static const bool value = HasPointerLikeTypeTraits<T>::value;
48 };
49 
50 template <typename T> struct IsPointerLike<T *> {
51   static const bool value = true;
52 };
53 } // namespace detail
54 
55 // Provide PointerLikeTypeTraits for non-cvr pointers.
56 template <typename T> struct PointerLikeTypeTraits<T *> {
57   static inline void *getAsVoidPointer(T *P) { return P; }
58   static inline T *getFromVoidPointer(void *P) { return static_cast<T *>(P); }
59 
60   enum { NumLowBitsAvailable = detail::ConstantLog2<alignof(T)>::value };
61 };
62 
63 template <> struct PointerLikeTypeTraits<void *> {
64   static inline void *getAsVoidPointer(void *P) { return P; }
65   static inline void *getFromVoidPointer(void *P) { return P; }
66 
67   /// Note, we assume here that void* is related to raw malloc'ed memory and
68   /// that malloc returns objects at least 4-byte aligned. However, this may be
69   /// wrong, or pointers may be from something other than malloc. In this case,
70   /// you should specify a real typed pointer or avoid this template.
71   ///
72   /// All clients should use assertions to do a run-time check to ensure that
73   /// this is actually true.
74   enum { NumLowBitsAvailable = 2 };
75 };
76 
77 // Provide PointerLikeTypeTraits for const things.
78 template <typename T> struct PointerLikeTypeTraits<const T> {
79   typedef PointerLikeTypeTraits<T> NonConst;
80 
81   static inline const void *getAsVoidPointer(const T P) {
82     return NonConst::getAsVoidPointer(P);
83   }
84   static inline const T getFromVoidPointer(const void *P) {
85     return NonConst::getFromVoidPointer(const_cast<void *>(P));
86   }
87   enum { NumLowBitsAvailable = NonConst::NumLowBitsAvailable };
88 };
89 
90 // Provide PointerLikeTypeTraits for const pointers.
91 template <typename T> struct PointerLikeTypeTraits<const T *> {
92   typedef PointerLikeTypeTraits<T *> NonConst;
93 
94   static inline const void *getAsVoidPointer(const T *P) {
95     return NonConst::getAsVoidPointer(const_cast<T *>(P));
96   }
97   static inline const T *getFromVoidPointer(const void *P) {
98     return NonConst::getFromVoidPointer(const_cast<void *>(P));
99   }
100   enum { NumLowBitsAvailable = NonConst::NumLowBitsAvailable };
101 };
102 
103 // Provide PointerLikeTypeTraits for uintptr_t.
104 template <> struct PointerLikeTypeTraits<uintptr_t> {
105   static inline void *getAsVoidPointer(uintptr_t P) {
106     return reinterpret_cast<void *>(P);
107   }
108   static inline uintptr_t getFromVoidPointer(void *P) {
109     return reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(P);
110   }
111   // No bits are available!
112   enum { NumLowBitsAvailable = 0 };
113 };
114 
115 /// Provide suitable custom traits struct for function pointers.
116 ///
117 /// Function pointers can't be directly given these traits as functions can't
118 /// have their alignment computed with `alignof` and we need different casting.
119 ///
120 /// To rely on higher alignment for a specialized use, you can provide a
121 /// customized form of this template explicitly with higher alignment, and
122 /// potentially use alignment attributes on functions to satisfy that.
123 template <int Alignment, typename FunctionPointerT>
124 struct FunctionPointerLikeTypeTraits {
125   enum { NumLowBitsAvailable = detail::ConstantLog2<Alignment>::value };
126   static inline void *getAsVoidPointer(FunctionPointerT P) {
127     assert((reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(P) &
128             ~((uintptr_t)-1 << NumLowBitsAvailable)) == 0 &&
129            "Alignment not satisfied for an actual function pointer!");
130     return reinterpret_cast<void *>(P);
131   }
132   static inline FunctionPointerT getFromVoidPointer(void *P) {
133     return reinterpret_cast<FunctionPointerT>(P);
134   }
135 };
136 
137 /// Provide a default specialization for function pointers that assumes 4-byte
138 /// alignment.
139 ///
140 /// We assume here that functions used with this are always at least 4-byte
141 /// aligned. This means that, for example, thumb functions won't work or systems
142 /// with weird unaligned function pointers won't work. But all practical systems
143 /// we support satisfy this requirement.
144 template <typename ReturnT, typename... ParamTs>
145 struct PointerLikeTypeTraits<ReturnT (*)(ParamTs...)>
146     : FunctionPointerLikeTypeTraits<4, ReturnT (*)(ParamTs...)> {};
147 
148 } // end namespace llvm
149 
150 #endif
151