1 //===- NestedMacher.h - Nested matcher for Function -------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #ifndef MLIR_DIALECT_AFFINE_ANALYSIS_NESTEDMATCHER_H
10 #define MLIR_DIALECT_AFFINE_ANALYSIS_NESTEDMATCHER_H
11 
12 #include "mlir/IR/BuiltinOps.h"
13 #include "mlir/IR/Operation.h"
14 #include "llvm/Support/Allocator.h"
15 
16 namespace mlir {
17 
18 class NestedPattern;
19 class Operation;
20 
21 /// An NestedPattern captures nested patterns in the IR.
22 /// It is used in conjunction with a scoped NestedPatternContext which is an
23 /// llvm::BumpPtrAllocator that handles memory allocations efficiently and
24 /// avoids ownership issues.
25 ///
26 /// In order to use NestedPatterns, first create a scoped context.
27 /// When the context goes out of scope, everything is freed.
28 /// This design simplifies the API by avoiding references to the context and
29 /// makes it clear that references to matchers must not escape.
30 ///
31 /// Example:
32 ///   {
33 ///      NestedPatternContext context;
34 ///      auto gemmLike = Doall(Doall(Red(LoadStores())));
35 ///      auto matches = gemmLike.match(f);
36 ///      // do work on matches
37 ///   }  // everything is freed
38 ///
39 ///
40 /// Nested abstraction for matching results.
41 /// Provides access to the nested Operation* captured by a Matcher.
42 ///
43 /// A NestedMatch contains an Operation* and the children NestedMatch and is
44 /// thus cheap to copy. NestedMatch is stored in a scoped bumper allocator whose
45 /// lifetime is managed by an RAII NestedPatternContext.
46 class NestedMatch {
47 public:
48   static NestedMatch build(Operation *operation,
49                            ArrayRef<NestedMatch> nestedMatches);
50   NestedMatch(const NestedMatch &) = default;
51   NestedMatch &operator=(const NestedMatch &) = default;
52 
53   explicit operator bool() { return matchedOperation != nullptr; }
54 
getMatchedOperation()55   Operation *getMatchedOperation() const { return matchedOperation; }
getMatchedChildren()56   ArrayRef<NestedMatch> getMatchedChildren() { return matchedChildren; }
57 
58 private:
59   friend class NestedPattern;
60   friend class NestedPatternContext;
61 
62   /// Underlying global bump allocator managed by a NestedPatternContext.
63   static llvm::BumpPtrAllocator *&allocator();
64 
65   NestedMatch() = default;
66 
67   /// Payload, holds a NestedMatch and all its children along this branch.
68   Operation *matchedOperation = nullptr;
69   ArrayRef<NestedMatch> matchedChildren;
70 };
71 
72 /// A NestedPattern is a nested operation walker that:
73 ///   1. recursively matches a substructure in the tree;
74 ///   2. uses a filter function to refine matches with extra semantic
75 ///      constraints (passed via a lambda of type FilterFunctionType);
76 ///   3. TODO: optionally applies actions (lambda).
77 ///
78 /// Nested patterns are meant to capture imperfectly nested loops while matching
79 /// properties over the whole loop nest. For instance, in vectorization we are
80 /// interested in capturing all the imperfectly nested loops of a certain type
81 /// and such that all the load and stores have certain access patterns along the
82 /// loops' induction variables). Such NestedMatches are first captured using the
83 /// `match` function and are later processed to analyze properties and apply
84 /// transformations in a non-greedy way.
85 ///
86 /// The NestedMatches captured in the IR can grow large, especially after
87 /// aggressive unrolling. As experience has shown, it is generally better to use
88 /// a plain walk over operations to match flat patterns but the current
89 /// implementation is competitive nonetheless.
90 using FilterFunctionType = std::function<bool(Operation &)>;
defaultFilterFunction(Operation &)91 inline bool defaultFilterFunction(Operation &) { return true; }
92 class NestedPattern {
93 public:
94   NestedPattern(ArrayRef<NestedPattern> nested,
95                 FilterFunctionType filter = defaultFilterFunction);
96   NestedPattern(const NestedPattern &other);
97   NestedPattern &operator=(const NestedPattern &other);
98 
~NestedPattern()99   ~NestedPattern() {
100     // Call destructors manually, ArrayRef is non-owning so it wouldn't call
101     // them, but we should free the memory allocated by std::function outside of
102     // the arena allocator.
103     freeNested();
104   }
105 
106   /// Returns all the top-level matches in `op`.
match(Operation * op,SmallVectorImpl<NestedMatch> * matches)107   void match(Operation *op, SmallVectorImpl<NestedMatch> *matches) {
108     op->walk([&](Operation *child) { matchOne(child, matches); });
109   }
110 
111   /// Returns the depth of the pattern.
112   unsigned getDepth() const;
113 
114 private:
115   friend class NestedPatternContext;
116   friend class NestedMatch;
117   friend struct State;
118 
119   /// Copies the list of nested patterns to the arena allocator associated with
120   /// this pattern.
121   void copyNestedToThis(ArrayRef<NestedPattern> nested);
122 
123   /// Calls destructors on nested patterns.
124   void freeNested();
125 
126   /// Underlying global bump allocator managed by a NestedPatternContext.
127   static llvm::BumpPtrAllocator *&allocator();
128 
129   /// Matches this pattern against a single `op` and fills matches with the
130   /// result.
131   void matchOne(Operation *op, SmallVectorImpl<NestedMatch> *matches);
132 
133   /// Nested patterns to be matched.
134   ArrayRef<NestedPattern> nestedPatterns;
135 
136   /// Extra filter function to apply to prune patterns as the IR is walked.
137   FilterFunctionType filter;
138 
139   /// skip is an implementation detail needed so that we can implement match
140   /// without switching on the type of the Operation. The idea is that a
141   /// NestedPattern first checks if it matches locally and then recursively
142   /// applies its nested matchers to its elem->nested. Since we want to rely on
143   /// the existing operation walking functionality rather than duplicate
144   /// it, we allow an off-by-one traversal to account for the fact that we
145   /// write:
146   ///
147   ///  void match(Operation *elem) {
148   ///    for (auto &c : getNestedPatterns()) {
149   ///      NestedPattern childPattern(...);
150   ///                                  ^~~~ Needs off-by-one skip.
151   ///
152   Operation *skip;
153 };
154 
155 /// RAII structure to transparently manage the bump allocator for
156 /// NestedPattern and NestedMatch classes. This avoids passing a context to
157 /// all the API functions.
158 class NestedPatternContext {
159 public:
NestedPatternContext()160   NestedPatternContext() {
161     assert(NestedMatch::allocator() == nullptr &&
162            "Only a single NestedPatternContext is supported");
163     assert(NestedPattern::allocator() == nullptr &&
164            "Only a single NestedPatternContext is supported");
165     NestedMatch::allocator() = &allocator;
166     NestedPattern::allocator() = &allocator;
167   }
~NestedPatternContext()168   ~NestedPatternContext() {
169     NestedMatch::allocator() = nullptr;
170     NestedPattern::allocator() = nullptr;
171   }
172   llvm::BumpPtrAllocator allocator;
173 };
174 
175 namespace matcher {
176 // Syntactic sugar NestedPattern builder functions.
177 NestedPattern Op(FilterFunctionType filter = defaultFilterFunction);
178 NestedPattern If(const NestedPattern &child);
179 NestedPattern If(const FilterFunctionType &filter, const NestedPattern &child);
180 NestedPattern If(ArrayRef<NestedPattern> nested = {});
181 NestedPattern If(const FilterFunctionType &filter,
182                  ArrayRef<NestedPattern> nested = {});
183 NestedPattern For(const NestedPattern &child);
184 NestedPattern For(const FilterFunctionType &filter, const NestedPattern &child);
185 NestedPattern For(ArrayRef<NestedPattern> nested = {});
186 NestedPattern For(const FilterFunctionType &filter,
187                   ArrayRef<NestedPattern> nested = {});
188 
189 bool isParallelLoop(Operation &op);
190 bool isReductionLoop(Operation &op);
191 bool isLoadOrStore(Operation &op);
192 
193 } // namespace matcher
194 } // namespace mlir
195 
196 #endif // MLIR_DIALECT_AFFINE_ANALYSIS_NESTEDMATCHER_H
197