1 //===--- StructPackAlignCheck.cpp - clang-tidy ----------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "StructPackAlignCheck.h"
10 #include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
11 #include "clang/AST/RecordLayout.h"
12 #include "clang/ASTMatchers/ASTMatchFinder.h"
13 #include <math.h>
14 
15 using namespace clang::ast_matchers;
16 
17 namespace clang {
18 namespace tidy {
19 namespace altera {
20 
registerMatchers(MatchFinder * Finder)21 void StructPackAlignCheck::registerMatchers(MatchFinder *Finder) {
22   Finder->addMatcher(recordDecl(isStruct(), isDefinition(),
23                                 unless(isExpansionInSystemHeader()))
24                          .bind("struct"),
25                      this);
26 }
27 
28 CharUnits
computeRecommendedAlignment(CharUnits MinByteSize)29 StructPackAlignCheck::computeRecommendedAlignment(CharUnits MinByteSize) {
30   CharUnits NewAlign = CharUnits::fromQuantity(1);
31   if (!MinByteSize.isPowerOfTwo()) {
32     int MSB = (int)MinByteSize.getQuantity();
33     for (; MSB > 0; MSB /= 2) {
34       NewAlign = NewAlign.alignTo(
35           CharUnits::fromQuantity(((int)NewAlign.getQuantity()) * 2));
36       // Abort if the computed alignment meets the maximum configured alignment.
37       if (NewAlign.getQuantity() >= MaxConfiguredAlignment)
38         break;
39     }
40   } else {
41     NewAlign = MinByteSize;
42   }
43   return NewAlign;
44 }
45 
check(const MatchFinder::MatchResult & Result)46 void StructPackAlignCheck::check(const MatchFinder::MatchResult &Result) {
47   const auto *Struct = Result.Nodes.getNodeAs<RecordDecl>("struct");
48 
49   // Do not trigger on templated struct declarations because the packing and
50   // alignment requirements are unknown.
51   if (Struct->isTemplated())
52      return;
53 
54   // Packing and alignment requirements for invalid decls are meaningless.
55   if (Struct->isInvalidDecl())
56     return;
57 
58   // Get sizing info for the struct.
59   llvm::SmallVector<std::pair<unsigned int, unsigned int>, 10> FieldSizes;
60   unsigned int TotalBitSize = 0;
61   for (const FieldDecl *StructField : Struct->fields()) {
62     // For each StructField, record how big it is (in bits).
63     // Would be good to use a pair of <offset, size> to advise a better
64     // packing order.
65     QualType StructFieldTy = StructField->getType();
66     if (StructFieldTy->isIncompleteType())
67       return;
68     unsigned int StructFieldWidth =
69         (unsigned int)Result.Context->getTypeInfo(StructFieldTy.getTypePtr())
70             .Width;
71     FieldSizes.emplace_back(StructFieldWidth, StructField->getFieldIndex());
72     // FIXME: Recommend a reorganization of the struct (sort by StructField
73     // size, largest to smallest).
74     TotalBitSize += StructFieldWidth;
75   }
76 
77   uint64_t CharSize = Result.Context->getCharWidth();
78   CharUnits CurrSize = Result.Context->getASTRecordLayout(Struct).getSize();
79   CharUnits MinByteSize =
80       CharUnits::fromQuantity(std::max<clang::CharUnits::QuantityType>(
81           ceil(static_cast<float>(TotalBitSize) / CharSize), 1));
82   CharUnits MaxAlign = CharUnits::fromQuantity(
83       ceil((float)Struct->getMaxAlignment() / CharSize));
84   CharUnits CurrAlign =
85       Result.Context->getASTRecordLayout(Struct).getAlignment();
86   CharUnits NewAlign = computeRecommendedAlignment(MinByteSize);
87 
88   bool IsPacked = Struct->hasAttr<PackedAttr>();
89   bool NeedsPacking = (MinByteSize < CurrSize) && (MaxAlign != NewAlign) &&
90                       (CurrSize != NewAlign);
91   bool NeedsAlignment = CurrAlign.getQuantity() != NewAlign.getQuantity();
92 
93   if (!NeedsAlignment && !NeedsPacking)
94     return;
95 
96   // If it's using much more space than it needs, suggest packing.
97   // (Do not suggest packing if it is currently explicitly aligned to what the
98   // minimum byte size would suggest as the new alignment.)
99   if (NeedsPacking && !IsPacked) {
100     diag(Struct->getLocation(),
101          "accessing fields in struct %0 is inefficient due to padding; only "
102          "needs %1 bytes but is using %2 bytes")
103         << Struct << (int)MinByteSize.getQuantity()
104         << (int)CurrSize.getQuantity()
105         << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(Struct->getEndLoc().getLocWithOffset(1),
106                                       " __attribute__((packed))");
107     diag(Struct->getLocation(),
108          "use \"__attribute__((packed))\" to reduce the amount of padding "
109          "applied to struct %0",
110          DiagnosticIDs::Note)
111         << Struct;
112   }
113 
114   FixItHint FixIt;
115   AlignedAttr *Attribute = Struct->getAttr<AlignedAttr>();
116   std::string NewAlignQuantity = std::to_string((int)NewAlign.getQuantity());
117   if (Attribute) {
118     FixIt = FixItHint::CreateReplacement(
119         Attribute->getRange(),
120         (Twine("aligned(") + NewAlignQuantity + ")").str());
121   } else {
122     FixIt = FixItHint::CreateInsertion(
123         Struct->getEndLoc().getLocWithOffset(1),
124         (Twine(" __attribute__((aligned(") + NewAlignQuantity + ")))").str());
125   }
126 
127   // And suggest the minimum power-of-two alignment for the struct as a whole
128   // (with and without packing).
129   if (NeedsAlignment) {
130     diag(Struct->getLocation(),
131          "accessing fields in struct %0 is inefficient due to poor alignment; "
132          "currently aligned to %1 bytes, but recommended alignment is %2 bytes")
133         << Struct << (int)CurrAlign.getQuantity() << NewAlignQuantity << FixIt;
134 
135     diag(Struct->getLocation(),
136          "use \"__attribute__((aligned(%0)))\" to align struct %1 to %0 bytes",
137          DiagnosticIDs::Note)
138         << NewAlignQuantity << Struct;
139   }
140 }
141 
storeOptions(ClangTidyOptions::OptionMap & Opts)142 void StructPackAlignCheck::storeOptions(ClangTidyOptions::OptionMap &Opts) {
143   Options.store(Opts, "MaxConfiguredAlignment", MaxConfiguredAlignment);
144 }
145 
146 } // namespace altera
147 } // namespace tidy
148 } // namespace clang
149