xref: /xnu-11215/osfmk/arm/model_dep.c (revision d4514f0b)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2007-2020 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
5  *
6  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
7  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
8  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
9  * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
10  * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
11  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
12  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
13  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
14  *
15  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
16  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
17  *
18  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
19  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
20  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
21  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
22  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
23  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
24  * limitations under the License.
25  *
26  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
27  */
28 
29 #include <debug.h>
30 #include <mach_kdp.h>
31 #include <kern/kern_stackshot.h>
32 
33 #include <kern/thread.h>
34 #include <machine/pmap.h>
35 #include <device/device_types.h>
36 
37 #include <mach/vm_param.h>
38 #include <mach/clock_types.h>
39 #include <mach/machine.h>
40 #include <mach/kmod.h>
41 #include <pexpert/boot.h>
42 #include <pexpert/pexpert.h>
43 
44 #include <ptrauth.h>
45 
46 #include <kern/misc_protos.h>
47 #include <kern/startup.h>
48 #include <kern/clock.h>
49 #include <kern/debug.h>
50 #include <kern/processor.h>
51 #include <kdp/kdp_core.h>
52 #if ALTERNATE_DEBUGGER
53 #include <arm64/alternate_debugger.h>
54 #endif
55 #include <machine/atomic.h>
56 #include <machine/trap.h>
57 #include <kern/spl.h>
58 #include <pexpert/pexpert.h>
59 #include <kdp/kdp_callout.h>
60 #include <kdp/kdp_dyld.h>
61 #include <kdp/kdp_internal.h>
62 #include <kdp/kdp_common.h>
63 #include <uuid/uuid.h>
64 #include <sys/codesign.h>
65 #include <sys/time.h>
66 
67 #if CONFIG_SPTM
68 #include <kern/percpu.h>
69 #include <arm64/sptm/pmap/pmap_data.h>
70 #endif
71 
72 #include <IOKit/IOPlatformExpert.h>
73 #include <IOKit/IOKitServer.h>
74 
75 #include <mach/vm_prot.h>
76 #include <vm/vm_map_xnu.h>
77 #include <vm/pmap.h>
78 #include <vm/vm_shared_region.h>
79 #include <mach/time_value.h>
80 #include <machine/machparam.h>  /* for btop */
81 
82 #include <console/video_console.h>
83 #include <console/serial_protos.h>
84 #include <arm/cpu_data.h>
85 #include <arm/cpu_data_internal.h>
86 #include <arm/cpu_internal.h>
87 #include <arm/misc_protos.h>
88 #include <libkern/OSKextLibPrivate.h>
89 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
90 #include <kern/kern_cdata.h>
91 #include <kern/ledger.h>
92 
93 
94 #if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
95 #include <kern/ext_paniclog.h>
96 #endif
97 
98 #if CONFIG_EXCLAVES
99 #include <kern/exclaves_panic.h>
100 #include <kern/exclaves_inspection.h>
101 #endif
102 
103 #if     MACH_KDP
104 void    kdp_trap(unsigned int, struct arm_saved_state *);
105 #endif
106 
107 /*
108  * Increment the PANICLOG_VERSION if you change the format of the panic
109  * log in any way.
110  */
111 #define PANICLOG_VERSION 14
112 static struct kcdata_descriptor kc_panic_data;
113 
114 extern char iBoot_version[];
115 #if defined(TARGET_OS_OSX) && defined(__arm64__)
116 extern char iBoot_Stage_2_version[];
117 #endif /* defined(TARGET_OS_OSX) && defined(__arm64__) */
118 
119 extern volatile uint32_t        debug_enabled;
120 extern unsigned int         not_in_kdp;
121 
122 extern int                              copyinframe(vm_address_t fp, uint32_t * frame);
123 extern void                             kdp_callouts(kdp_event_t event);
124 
125 /* #include <sys/proc.h> */
126 #define MAXCOMLEN 16
127 struct proc;
128 extern int        proc_pid(struct proc *p);
129 extern void       proc_name_kdp(struct proc *, char *, int);
130 
131 /*
132  * Make sure there's enough space to include the relevant bits in the format required
133  * within the space allocated for the panic version string in the panic header.
134  * The format required by OSAnalytics/DumpPanic is 'Product Version (OS Version)'.
135  */
136 #define PANIC_HEADER_VERSION_FMT_STR "%.14s (%.14s)"
137 
138 extern const char version[];
139 extern char       osversion[];
140 extern char       osproductversion[];
141 extern char       osreleasetype[];
142 
143 #if defined(XNU_TARGET_OS_BRIDGE)
144 extern char     macosproductversion[];
145 extern char     macosversion[];
146 #endif
147 
148 extern uint8_t          gPlatformECID[8];
149 extern uint32_t         gPlatformMemoryID;
150 
151 extern uint64_t         last_hwaccess_thread;
152 extern uint8_t          last_hwaccess_type; /* 0 : read, 1 : write. */
153 extern uint8_t          last_hwaccess_size;
154 extern uint64_t         last_hwaccess_paddr;
155 
156 /*Choosing the size for gTargetTypeBuffer as 16 and size for gModelTypeBuffer as 32
157  *  since the target name and model name typically  doesn't exceed this size */
158 extern char  gTargetTypeBuffer[16];
159 extern char  gModelTypeBuffer[32];
160 
161 extern struct timeval    gIOLastSleepTime;
162 extern struct timeval    gIOLastWakeTime;
163 extern boolean_t                 is_clock_configured;
164 extern boolean_t kernelcache_uuid_valid;
165 extern uuid_t kernelcache_uuid;
166 extern uuid_string_t bootsessionuuid_string;
167 
168 extern uint64_t roots_installed;
169 
170 /* Definitions for frame pointers */
171 #define FP_ALIGNMENT_MASK      ((uint32_t)(0x3))
172 #define FP_LR_OFFSET           ((uint32_t)4)
173 #define FP_LR_OFFSET64         ((uint32_t)8)
174 #define FP_MAX_NUM_TO_EVALUATE (50)
175 
176 /* Timeout for all processors responding to debug crosscall */
177 MACHINE_TIMEOUT(debug_ack_timeout, "debug-ack", 240000, MACHINE_TIMEOUT_UNIT_TIMEBASE, NULL);
178 
179 /* Forward functions definitions */
180 void panic_display_times(void);
181 void panic_print_symbol_name(vm_address_t search);
182 
183 
184 /* Global variables */
185 static uint32_t       panic_bt_depth;
186 boolean_t             PanicInfoSaved = FALSE;
187 boolean_t             force_immediate_debug_halt = FALSE;
188 unsigned int          debug_ack_timeout_count = 0;
189 volatile unsigned int debugger_sync = 0;
190 volatile unsigned int mp_kdp_trap = 0; /* CPUs signalled by the debug CPU will spin on this */
191 volatile unsigned int debug_cpus_spinning = 0; /* Number of signalled CPUs still spinning on mp_kdp_trap (in DebuggerXCall). */
192 unsigned int          DebugContextCount = 0;
193 bool                  trap_is_stackshot = false; /* Whether the trap is for a stackshot */
194 
195 #if defined(__arm64__)
196 uint8_t PE_smc_stashed_x86_system_state = 0xFF;
197 uint8_t PE_smc_stashed_x86_power_state = 0xFF;
198 uint8_t PE_smc_stashed_x86_efi_boot_state = 0xFF;
199 uint8_t PE_smc_stashed_x86_shutdown_cause = 0xFF;
200 uint64_t PE_smc_stashed_x86_prev_power_transitions = UINT64_MAX;
201 uint32_t PE_pcie_stashed_link_state = UINT32_MAX;
202 uint64_t PE_nvram_stashed_x86_macos_slide = UINT64_MAX;
203 #endif
204 
205 
206 /*
207  * Backtrace a single frame.
208  */
209 static void
print_one_backtrace(pmap_t pmap,vm_offset_t topfp,const char * cur_marker,boolean_t is_64_bit,boolean_t print_kexts_in_backtrace)210 print_one_backtrace(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t topfp, const char *cur_marker,
211     boolean_t is_64_bit, boolean_t print_kexts_in_backtrace)
212 {
213 	unsigned int    i = 0;
214 	addr64_t        lr = 0;
215 	addr64_t        fp = topfp;
216 	addr64_t        fp_for_ppn = 0;
217 	ppnum_t         ppn = (ppnum_t)NULL;
218 	vm_offset_t     raddrs[FP_MAX_NUM_TO_EVALUATE] = { 0 };
219 	bool            dump_kernel_stack = (fp >= VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS);
220 
221 #if defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
222 	fp = (addr64_t)ptrauth_strip((void *)fp, ptrauth_key_frame_pointer);
223 #endif
224 	do {
225 		if ((fp == 0) || ((fp & FP_ALIGNMENT_MASK) != 0)) {
226 			break;
227 		}
228 
229 		if ((!dump_kernel_stack) && (fp >= VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS)) {
230 			break;
231 		}
232 
233 		/*
234 		 * Check to see if current address will result in a different
235 		 * ppn than previously computed (to avoid recomputation) via
236 		 * (addr) ^ fp_for_ppn) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
237 		 */
238 		if ((((fp + FP_LR_OFFSET) ^ fp_for_ppn) >> PAGE_SHIFT) != 0x0U) {
239 			ppn = pmap_find_phys(pmap, fp + FP_LR_OFFSET);
240 			fp_for_ppn = fp + (is_64_bit ? FP_LR_OFFSET64 : FP_LR_OFFSET);
241 		}
242 		if (ppn != (ppnum_t)NULL) {
243 			if (is_64_bit) {
244 				lr = ml_phys_read_double_64(((((vm_offset_t)ppn) << PAGE_SHIFT)) | ((fp + FP_LR_OFFSET64) & PAGE_MASK));
245 #if defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
246 				/* return addresses on stack will be signed by arm64e ABI */
247 				lr = (addr64_t) ptrauth_strip((void *)lr, ptrauth_key_return_address);
248 #endif
249 			} else {
250 				lr = ml_phys_read_word(((((vm_offset_t)ppn) << PAGE_SHIFT)) | ((fp + FP_LR_OFFSET) & PAGE_MASK));
251 			}
252 		} else {
253 			if (is_64_bit) {
254 				paniclog_append_noflush("%s\t  Could not read LR from frame at 0x%016llx\n", cur_marker, fp + FP_LR_OFFSET64);
255 			} else {
256 				paniclog_append_noflush("%s\t  Could not read LR from frame at 0x%08x\n", cur_marker, (uint32_t)(fp + FP_LR_OFFSET));
257 			}
258 			break;
259 		}
260 		if (((fp ^ fp_for_ppn) >> PAGE_SHIFT) != 0x0U) {
261 			ppn = pmap_find_phys(pmap, fp);
262 			fp_for_ppn = fp;
263 		}
264 		if (ppn != (ppnum_t)NULL) {
265 			if (is_64_bit) {
266 				fp = ml_phys_read_double_64(((((vm_offset_t)ppn) << PAGE_SHIFT)) | (fp & PAGE_MASK));
267 #if defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
268 				/* frame pointers on stack will be signed by arm64e ABI */
269 				fp = (addr64_t) ptrauth_strip((void *)fp, ptrauth_key_frame_pointer);
270 #endif
271 			} else {
272 				fp = ml_phys_read_word(((((vm_offset_t)ppn) << PAGE_SHIFT)) | (fp & PAGE_MASK));
273 			}
274 		} else {
275 			if (is_64_bit) {
276 				paniclog_append_noflush("%s\t  Could not read FP from frame at 0x%016llx\n", cur_marker, fp);
277 			} else {
278 				paniclog_append_noflush("%s\t  Could not read FP from frame at 0x%08x\n", cur_marker, (uint32_t)fp);
279 			}
280 			break;
281 		}
282 		/*
283 		 * Counter 'i' may == FP_MAX_NUM_TO_EVALUATE when running one
284 		 * extra round to check whether we have all frames in order to
285 		 * indicate (in)complete backtrace below. This happens in a case
286 		 * where total frame count and FP_MAX_NUM_TO_EVALUATE are equal.
287 		 * Do not capture anything.
288 		 */
289 		if (i < FP_MAX_NUM_TO_EVALUATE && lr) {
290 			if (is_64_bit) {
291 				paniclog_append_noflush("%s\t  lr: 0x%016llx  fp: 0x%016llx\n", cur_marker, lr, fp);
292 			} else {
293 				paniclog_append_noflush("%s\t  lr: 0x%08x  fp: 0x%08x\n", cur_marker, (uint32_t)lr, (uint32_t)fp);
294 			}
295 			raddrs[i] = lr;
296 		}
297 	} while ((++i <= FP_MAX_NUM_TO_EVALUATE) && (fp != topfp));
298 
299 	if (i > FP_MAX_NUM_TO_EVALUATE && fp != 0) {
300 		paniclog_append_noflush("Backtrace continues...\n");
301 	}
302 
303 	if (print_kexts_in_backtrace && i > 0) {
304 		kmod_panic_dump(&raddrs[0], i);
305 	}
306 }
307 
308 #define SANE_TASK_LIMIT 256
309 #define TOP_RUNNABLE_LIMIT 5
310 #define PANICLOG_UUID_BUF_SIZE 256
311 
312 extern void panic_print_vnodes(void);
313 
314 static void
panic_display_tpidrs(void)315 panic_display_tpidrs(void)
316 {
317 #if defined(__arm64__)
318 	paniclog_append_noflush("TPIDRx_ELy = {1: 0x%016llx  0: 0x%016llx  0ro: 0x%016llx }\n",
319 	    __builtin_arm_rsr64("TPIDR_EL1"), __builtin_arm_rsr64("TPIDR_EL0"),
320 	    __builtin_arm_rsr64("TPIDRRO_EL0"));
321 #endif //defined(__arm64__)
322 }
323 
324 
325 static void
panic_display_hung_cpus_help(void)326 panic_display_hung_cpus_help(void)
327 {
328 #if defined(__arm64__)
329 	const uint32_t pcsr_offset = 0x90;
330 
331 	/*
332 	 * Print some info that might help in cases where nothing
333 	 * else does
334 	 */
335 	const ml_topology_info_t *info = ml_get_topology_info();
336 	if (info) {
337 		unsigned i, retry;
338 
339 		for (i = 0; i < info->num_cpus; i++) {
340 			if (!PE_cpu_power_check_kdp(i)) {
341 				paniclog_append_noflush("CORE %u is offline, skipping\n", i);
342 				continue;
343 			}
344 			if (info->cpus[i].cpu_UTTDBG_regs) {
345 				volatile uint64_t *pcsr = (volatile uint64_t*)(info->cpus[i].cpu_UTTDBG_regs + pcsr_offset);
346 				volatile uint32_t *pcsrTrigger = (volatile uint32_t*)pcsr;
347 				uint64_t pc = 0;
348 
349 				// a number of retries are needed till this works
350 				for (retry = 1024; retry && !pc; retry--) {
351 					//a 32-bit read is required to make a PC sample be produced, else we'll only get a zero
352 					(void)*pcsrTrigger;
353 					pc = *pcsr;
354 				}
355 
356 				//postprocessing (same as astris does)
357 				if (pc >> 48) {
358 					pc |= 0xffff000000000000ull;
359 				}
360 				paniclog_append_noflush("CORE %u recently retired instr at 0x%016llx\n", i, pc);
361 			}
362 		}
363 	}
364 #endif //defined(__arm64__)
365 }
366 
367 
368 
369 static void
panic_display_pvhs_locked(void)370 panic_display_pvhs_locked(void)
371 {
372 }
373 
374 static void
panic_display_pvh_to_lock(void)375 panic_display_pvh_to_lock(void)
376 {
377 }
378 
379 static void
panic_display_last_pc_lr(void)380 panic_display_last_pc_lr(void)
381 {
382 #if defined(__arm64__)
383 	const int max_cpu = ml_get_max_cpu_number();
384 
385 	for (int cpu = 0; cpu <= max_cpu; cpu++) {
386 		cpu_data_t *current_cpu_datap = cpu_datap(cpu);
387 
388 		if (current_cpu_datap == NULL) {
389 			continue;
390 		}
391 
392 		if (current_cpu_datap == getCpuDatap()) {
393 			/**
394 			 * Skip printing the PC/LR if this is the CPU
395 			 * that initiated the panic.
396 			 */
397 			paniclog_append_noflush("CORE %u is the one that panicked. Check the full backtrace for details.\n", cpu);
398 			continue;
399 		}
400 
401 		paniclog_append_noflush("CORE %u: PC=0x%016llx, LR=0x%016llx, FP=0x%016llx\n", cpu,
402 		    current_cpu_datap->ipi_pc, (uint64_t)VM_KERNEL_STRIP_PTR(current_cpu_datap->ipi_lr),
403 		    (uint64_t)VM_KERNEL_STRIP_PTR(current_cpu_datap->ipi_fp));
404 	}
405 #endif
406 }
407 
408 #if CONFIG_EXCLAVES
409 static void
panic_report_exclaves_stackshot(void)410 panic_report_exclaves_stackshot(void)
411 {
412 	if (exclaves_panic_ss_status == EXCLAVES_PANIC_STACKSHOT_FOUND) {
413 		paniclog_append_noflush("** Exclaves panic stackshot found\n");
414 	} else if (exclaves_panic_ss_status == EXCLAVES_PANIC_STACKSHOT_NOT_FOUND) {
415 		paniclog_append_noflush("** Exclaves panic stackshot not found\n");
416 	} else if (exclaves_panic_ss_status == EXCLAVES_PANIC_STACKSHOT_DECODE_FAILED) {
417 		paniclog_append_noflush("!! Exclaves panic stackshot decode failed !!\n");
418 	}
419 }
420 #endif /* CONFIG_EXCLAVES */
421 
422 static void
do_print_all_backtraces(const char * message,uint64_t panic_options,const char * panic_initiator)423 do_print_all_backtraces(const char *message, uint64_t panic_options, const char *panic_initiator)
424 {
425 	int             logversion = PANICLOG_VERSION;
426 	thread_t        cur_thread = current_thread();
427 	uintptr_t       cur_fp;
428 	task_t          task;
429 	struct proc    *proc;
430 	int             print_vnodes = 0;
431 	const char *nohilite_thread_marker = "\t";
432 
433 	/* end_marker_bytes set to 200 for printing END marker + stackshot summary info always */
434 	int bytes_traced = 0, bytes_remaining = 0, end_marker_bytes = 200;
435 	int bytes_uncompressed = 0;
436 	uint64_t bytes_used = 0ULL;
437 	int err = 0;
438 	char *stackshot_begin_loc = NULL;
439 	kc_format_t kc_format;
440 	bool filesetKC = false;
441 	uint32_t panic_initiator_len = 0;
442 #if CONFIG_EXT_PANICLOG
443 	uint32_t ext_paniclog_bytes = 0;
444 #endif
445 
446 #if defined(__arm64__)
447 	__asm__         volatile ("add %0, xzr, fp":"=r"(cur_fp));
448 #else
449 #error Unknown architecture.
450 #endif
451 	if (panic_bt_depth != 0) {
452 		return;
453 	}
454 	panic_bt_depth++;
455 
456 	__unused bool result = PE_get_primary_kc_format(&kc_format);
457 	assert(result == true);
458 	filesetKC = kc_format == KCFormatFileset;
459 
460 	/* Truncate panic string to 1200 bytes */
461 	paniclog_append_noflush("Debugger message: %.1200s\n", message);
462 	if (debug_enabled) {
463 		paniclog_append_noflush("Device: %s\n",
464 		    ('\0' != gTargetTypeBuffer[0]) ? gTargetTypeBuffer : "Not set yet");
465 		paniclog_append_noflush("Hardware Model: %s\n",
466 		    ('\0' != gModelTypeBuffer[0]) ? gModelTypeBuffer:"Not set yet");
467 		paniclog_append_noflush("ECID: %02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X\n", gPlatformECID[7],
468 		    gPlatformECID[6], gPlatformECID[5], gPlatformECID[4], gPlatformECID[3],
469 		    gPlatformECID[2], gPlatformECID[1], gPlatformECID[0]);
470 		if (last_hwaccess_thread) {
471 			paniclog_append_noflush("AppleHWAccess Thread: 0x%llx\n", last_hwaccess_thread);
472 			if (!last_hwaccess_size) {
473 				paniclog_append_noflush("AppleHWAccess last access: no access data, this is unexpected.\n");
474 			} else {
475 				const char *typ = last_hwaccess_type ? "write" : "read";
476 				paniclog_append_noflush("AppleHWAccess last access: %s of size %u at address 0x%llx\n", typ, last_hwaccess_size, last_hwaccess_paddr);
477 			}
478 		}
479 		paniclog_append_noflush("Boot args: %s\n", PE_boot_args());
480 	}
481 	paniclog_append_noflush("Memory ID: 0x%x\n", gPlatformMemoryID);
482 	paniclog_append_noflush("OS release type: %.256s\n",
483 	    ('\0' != osreleasetype[0]) ? osreleasetype : "Not set yet");
484 	paniclog_append_noflush("OS version: %.256s\n",
485 	    ('\0' != osversion[0]) ? osversion : "Not set yet");
486 #if defined(XNU_TARGET_OS_BRIDGE)
487 	paniclog_append_noflush("macOS version: %.256s\n",
488 	    ('\0' != macosversion[0]) ? macosversion : "Not set");
489 #endif
490 	paniclog_append_noflush("Kernel version: %.512s\n", version);
491 
492 #if CONFIG_EXCLAVES
493 	exclaves_panic_append_info();
494 #endif
495 
496 	if (kernelcache_uuid_valid) {
497 		if (filesetKC) {
498 			paniclog_append_noflush("Fileset Kernelcache UUID: ");
499 		} else {
500 			paniclog_append_noflush("KernelCache UUID: ");
501 		}
502 		for (size_t index = 0; index < sizeof(uuid_t); index++) {
503 			paniclog_append_noflush("%02X", kernelcache_uuid[index]);
504 		}
505 		paniclog_append_noflush("\n");
506 	}
507 	panic_display_kernel_uuid();
508 
509 	if (bootsessionuuid_string[0] != '\0') {
510 		paniclog_append_noflush("Boot session UUID: %s\n", bootsessionuuid_string);
511 	} else {
512 		paniclog_append_noflush("Boot session UUID not yet initialized\n");
513 	}
514 
515 	paniclog_append_noflush("iBoot version: %.128s\n", iBoot_version);
516 #if defined(TARGET_OS_OSX) && defined(__arm64__)
517 	paniclog_append_noflush("iBoot Stage 2 version: %.128s\n", iBoot_Stage_2_version);
518 #endif /* defined(TARGET_OS_OSX) && defined(__arm64__) */
519 
520 	paniclog_append_noflush("secure boot?: %s\n", debug_enabled ? "NO": "YES");
521 	paniclog_append_noflush("roots installed: %lld\n", roots_installed);
522 #if defined(XNU_TARGET_OS_BRIDGE)
523 	paniclog_append_noflush("x86 EFI Boot State: ");
524 	if (PE_smc_stashed_x86_efi_boot_state != 0xFF) {
525 		paniclog_append_noflush("0x%x\n", PE_smc_stashed_x86_efi_boot_state);
526 	} else {
527 		paniclog_append_noflush("not available\n");
528 	}
529 	paniclog_append_noflush("x86 System State: ");
530 	if (PE_smc_stashed_x86_system_state != 0xFF) {
531 		paniclog_append_noflush("0x%x\n", PE_smc_stashed_x86_system_state);
532 	} else {
533 		paniclog_append_noflush("not available\n");
534 	}
535 	paniclog_append_noflush("x86 Power State: ");
536 	if (PE_smc_stashed_x86_power_state != 0xFF) {
537 		paniclog_append_noflush("0x%x\n", PE_smc_stashed_x86_power_state);
538 	} else {
539 		paniclog_append_noflush("not available\n");
540 	}
541 	paniclog_append_noflush("x86 Shutdown Cause: ");
542 	if (PE_smc_stashed_x86_shutdown_cause != 0xFF) {
543 		paniclog_append_noflush("0x%x\n", PE_smc_stashed_x86_shutdown_cause);
544 	} else {
545 		paniclog_append_noflush("not available\n");
546 	}
547 	paniclog_append_noflush("x86 Previous Power Transitions: ");
548 	if (PE_smc_stashed_x86_prev_power_transitions != UINT64_MAX) {
549 		paniclog_append_noflush("0x%llx\n", PE_smc_stashed_x86_prev_power_transitions);
550 	} else {
551 		paniclog_append_noflush("not available\n");
552 	}
553 	paniclog_append_noflush("PCIeUp link state: ");
554 	if (PE_pcie_stashed_link_state != UINT32_MAX) {
555 		paniclog_append_noflush("0x%x\n", PE_pcie_stashed_link_state);
556 	} else {
557 		paniclog_append_noflush("not available\n");
558 	}
559 	paniclog_append_noflush("macOS kernel slide: ");
560 	if (PE_nvram_stashed_x86_macos_slide != UINT64_MAX) {
561 		paniclog_append_noflush("%#llx\n", PE_nvram_stashed_x86_macos_slide);
562 	} else {
563 		paniclog_append_noflush("not available\n");
564 	}
565 #endif
566 	if (panic_data_buffers != NULL) {
567 		paniclog_append_noflush("%s data: ", panic_data_buffers->producer_name);
568 		uint8_t *panic_buffer_data = (uint8_t *) panic_data_buffers->buf;
569 		for (int i = 0; i < panic_data_buffers->len; i++) {
570 			paniclog_append_noflush("%02X", panic_buffer_data[i]);
571 		}
572 		paniclog_append_noflush("\n");
573 	}
574 	paniclog_append_noflush("Paniclog version: %d\n", logversion);
575 
576 	panic_display_kernel_aslr();
577 	panic_display_times();
578 	panic_display_zalloc();
579 	panic_display_hung_cpus_help();
580 	panic_display_tpidrs();
581 	panic_display_pvhs_locked();
582 	panic_display_pvh_to_lock();
583 	panic_display_last_pc_lr();
584 #if CONFIG_ECC_LOGGING
585 	panic_display_ecc_errors();
586 #endif /* CONFIG_ECC_LOGGING */
587 	panic_display_compressor_stats();
588 
589 #if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
590 	if (cs_debug_unsigned_exec_failures != 0 || cs_debug_unsigned_mmap_failures != 0) {
591 		paniclog_append_noflush("Unsigned code exec failures: %u\n", cs_debug_unsigned_exec_failures);
592 		paniclog_append_noflush("Unsigned code mmap failures: %u\n", cs_debug_unsigned_mmap_failures);
593 	}
594 #endif
595 
596 	// Highlight threads that used high amounts of CPU in the panic log if requested (historically requested for watchdog panics)
597 	if (panic_options & DEBUGGER_OPTION_PRINT_CPU_USAGE_PANICLOG) {
598 		thread_t        top_runnable[5] = {0};
599 		thread_t        thread;
600 		int                     total_cpu_usage = 0;
601 
602 		print_vnodes = 1;
603 
604 
605 		for (thread = (thread_t)queue_first(&threads);
606 		    PANIC_VALIDATE_PTR(thread) && !queue_end(&threads, (queue_entry_t)thread);
607 		    thread = (thread_t)queue_next(&thread->threads)) {
608 			total_cpu_usage += thread->cpu_usage;
609 
610 			// Look for the 5 runnable threads with highest priority
611 			if (thread->state & TH_RUN) {
612 				int                     k;
613 				thread_t        comparison_thread = thread;
614 
615 				for (k = 0; k < TOP_RUNNABLE_LIMIT; k++) {
616 					if (top_runnable[k] == 0) {
617 						top_runnable[k] = comparison_thread;
618 						break;
619 					} else if (comparison_thread->sched_pri > top_runnable[k]->sched_pri) {
620 						thread_t temp = top_runnable[k];
621 						top_runnable[k] = comparison_thread;
622 						comparison_thread = temp;
623 					} // if comparison thread has higher priority than previously saved thread
624 				} // loop through highest priority runnable threads
625 			} // Check if thread is runnable
626 		} // Loop through all threads
627 
628 		// Print the relevant info for each thread identified
629 		paniclog_append_noflush("Total cpu_usage: %d\n", total_cpu_usage);
630 		paniclog_append_noflush("Thread task pri cpu_usage\n");
631 
632 		for (int i = 0; i < TOP_RUNNABLE_LIMIT; i++) {
633 			if (top_runnable[i] &&
634 			    panic_get_thread_proc_task(top_runnable[i], &task, &proc) && proc) {
635 				char name[MAXCOMLEN + 1];
636 				proc_name_kdp(proc, name, sizeof(name));
637 				paniclog_append_noflush("%p %s %d %d\n",
638 				    top_runnable[i], name, top_runnable[i]->sched_pri, top_runnable[i]->cpu_usage);
639 			}
640 		} // Loop through highest priority runnable threads
641 		paniclog_append_noflush("\n");
642 	}
643 
644 	// print current task info
645 	if (panic_get_thread_proc_task(cur_thread, &task, &proc)) {
646 		if (PANIC_VALIDATE_PTR(task->map) &&
647 		    PANIC_VALIDATE_PTR(task->map->pmap)) {
648 			ledger_amount_t resident = 0;
649 			if (task != kernel_task) {
650 				ledger_get_balance(task->ledger, task_ledgers.phys_mem, &resident);
651 				resident >>= VM_MAP_PAGE_SHIFT(task->map);
652 			}
653 			paniclog_append_noflush("Panicked task %p: %lld pages, %d threads: ",
654 			    task, resident, task->thread_count);
655 		} else {
656 			paniclog_append_noflush("Panicked task %p: %d threads: ",
657 			    task, task->thread_count);
658 		}
659 
660 		if (proc) {
661 			char            name[MAXCOMLEN + 1];
662 			proc_name_kdp(proc, name, sizeof(name));
663 			paniclog_append_noflush("pid %d: %s", proc_pid(proc), name);
664 		} else {
665 			paniclog_append_noflush("unknown task");
666 		}
667 
668 		paniclog_append_noflush("\n");
669 	}
670 
671 	if (cur_fp < VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS) {
672 		paniclog_append_noflush("Panicked thread: %p, backtrace: 0x%llx, tid: %llu\n",
673 		    cur_thread, (addr64_t)cur_fp, thread_tid(cur_thread));
674 #if __LP64__
675 		print_one_backtrace(kernel_pmap, cur_fp, nohilite_thread_marker, TRUE, filesetKC);
676 #else
677 		print_one_backtrace(kernel_pmap, cur_fp, nohilite_thread_marker, FALSE, filesetKC);
678 #endif
679 	} else {
680 		paniclog_append_noflush("Could not print panicked thread backtrace:"
681 		    "frame pointer outside kernel vm.\n");
682 	}
683 
684 	paniclog_append_noflush("\n");
685 	if (filesetKC) {
686 		kext_dump_panic_lists(&paniclog_append_noflush);
687 		paniclog_append_noflush("\n");
688 	}
689 	panic_info->eph_panic_log_len = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr) - panic_info->eph_panic_log_offset;
690 	/* set the os version data in the panic header in the format 'Product Version (OS Version)' (only if they have been set) */
691 	if ((osversion[0] != '\0') && (osproductversion[0] != '\0')) {
692 		snprintf((char *)&panic_info->eph_os_version, sizeof(panic_info->eph_os_version), PANIC_HEADER_VERSION_FMT_STR,
693 		    osproductversion, osversion);
694 	}
695 #if defined(XNU_TARGET_OS_BRIDGE)
696 	if ((macosversion[0] != '\0') && (macosproductversion[0] != '\0')) {
697 		snprintf((char *)&panic_info->eph_macos_version, sizeof(panic_info->eph_macos_version), PANIC_HEADER_VERSION_FMT_STR,
698 		    macosproductversion, macosversion);
699 	}
700 #endif
701 	if (bootsessionuuid_string[0] != '\0') {
702 		memcpy(panic_info->eph_bootsessionuuid_string, bootsessionuuid_string,
703 		    sizeof(panic_info->eph_bootsessionuuid_string));
704 	}
705 	panic_info->eph_roots_installed = roots_installed;
706 
707 	if (panic_initiator != NULL) {
708 		bytes_remaining = debug_buf_size - (unsigned int)((uintptr_t)debug_buf_ptr - (uintptr_t)debug_buf_base);
709 		// If panic_initiator isn't null, safely copy up to MAX_PANIC_INITIATOR_SIZE
710 		panic_initiator_len = strnlen(panic_initiator, MAX_PANIC_INITIATOR_SIZE);
711 		// Calculate the bytes to write, accounting for remaining buffer space, and ensuring the lowest size we can have is 0
712 		panic_initiator_len = MAX(0, MIN(panic_initiator_len, bytes_remaining));
713 		panic_info->eph_panic_initiator_offset = (panic_initiator_len != 0) ? PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr) : 0;
714 		panic_info->eph_panic_initiator_len = panic_initiator_len;
715 		memcpy(debug_buf_ptr, panic_initiator, panic_initiator_len);
716 		debug_buf_ptr += panic_initiator_len;
717 	}
718 
719 	if (debug_ack_timeout_count) {
720 		panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_STACKSHOT_FAILED_DEBUGGERSYNC;
721 		panic_info->eph_other_log_offset = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr);
722 		paniclog_append_noflush("!! debugger synchronization failed, no stackshot !!\n");
723 	} else if (panic_stackshot_active()) {
724 		panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_STACKSHOT_FAILED_NESTED;
725 		panic_info->eph_other_log_offset = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr);
726 		paniclog_append_noflush("!! panicked during stackshot, skipping panic stackshot !!\n");
727 	} else {
728 		/* Align the stackshot buffer to an 8-byte address (especially important for armv7k devices) */
729 		debug_buf_ptr += (8 - ((uintptr_t)debug_buf_ptr % 8));
730 		stackshot_begin_loc = debug_buf_ptr;
731 
732 		bytes_remaining = debug_buf_size - (unsigned int)((uintptr_t)stackshot_begin_loc - (uintptr_t)debug_buf_base);
733 		err = kcdata_memory_static_init(&kc_panic_data, (mach_vm_address_t)debug_buf_ptr,
734 		    KCDATA_BUFFER_BEGIN_COMPRESSED, bytes_remaining - end_marker_bytes,
735 		    KCFLAG_USE_MEMCOPY);
736 		if (err == KERN_SUCCESS) {
737 			uint64_t stackshot_flags = (STACKSHOT_GET_GLOBAL_MEM_STATS | STACKSHOT_SAVE_LOADINFO | STACKSHOT_KCDATA_FORMAT |
738 			    STACKSHOT_ENABLE_BT_FAULTING | STACKSHOT_ENABLE_UUID_FAULTING | STACKSHOT_FROM_PANIC | STACKSHOT_DO_COMPRESS |
739 			    STACKSHOT_DISABLE_LATENCY_INFO | STACKSHOT_NO_IO_STATS | STACKSHOT_THREAD_WAITINFO | STACKSHOT_GET_DQ |
740 			    STACKSHOT_COLLECT_SHAREDCACHE_LAYOUT);
741 
742 			err = kcdata_init_compress(&kc_panic_data, KCDATA_BUFFER_BEGIN_STACKSHOT, kdp_memcpy, KCDCT_ZLIB);
743 			if (err != KERN_SUCCESS) {
744 				panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_COMPRESS_FAILED;
745 				stackshot_flags &= ~STACKSHOT_DO_COMPRESS;
746 			}
747 			if (filesetKC) {
748 				stackshot_flags |= STACKSHOT_SAVE_KEXT_LOADINFO;
749 			}
750 
751 			kdp_snapshot_preflight(-1, stackshot_begin_loc, bytes_remaining - end_marker_bytes,
752 			    stackshot_flags, &kc_panic_data, 0, 0);
753 			err = do_panic_stackshot(NULL);
754 			bytes_traced = kdp_stack_snapshot_bytes_traced();
755 			if (bytes_traced > 0 && !err) {
756 				debug_buf_ptr += bytes_traced;
757 				panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_STACKSHOT_SUCCEEDED;
758 				panic_info->eph_stackshot_offset = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(stackshot_begin_loc);
759 				panic_info->eph_stackshot_len = bytes_traced;
760 
761 				panic_info->eph_other_log_offset = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr);
762 #if CONFIG_EXCLAVES
763 				panic_report_exclaves_stackshot();
764 #endif /* CONFIG_EXCLAVES */
765 				if (stackshot_flags & STACKSHOT_DO_COMPRESS) {
766 					panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_STACKSHOT_DATA_COMPRESSED;
767 					bytes_uncompressed = kdp_stack_snapshot_bytes_uncompressed();
768 					paniclog_append_noflush("\n** Stackshot Succeeded ** Bytes Traced %d (Uncompressed %d) **\n", bytes_traced, bytes_uncompressed);
769 				} else {
770 					paniclog_append_noflush("\n** Stackshot Succeeded ** Bytes Traced %d **\n", bytes_traced);
771 				}
772 			} else {
773 				bytes_used = kcdata_memory_get_used_bytes(&kc_panic_data);
774 #if CONFIG_EXCLAVES
775 				panic_report_exclaves_stackshot();
776 #endif /* CONFIG_EXCLAVES */
777 				if (bytes_used > 0) {
778 					/* Zero out the stackshot data */
779 					bzero(stackshot_begin_loc, bytes_used);
780 					panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_STACKSHOT_FAILED_INCOMPLETE;
781 
782 					panic_info->eph_other_log_offset = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr);
783 					paniclog_append_noflush("\n** Stackshot Incomplete ** Bytes Filled %llu, err %d **\n", bytes_used, err);
784 				} else {
785 					bzero(stackshot_begin_loc, bytes_used);
786 					panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_STACKSHOT_FAILED_ERROR;
787 
788 					panic_info->eph_other_log_offset = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr);
789 					paniclog_append_noflush("\n!! Stackshot Failed !! Bytes Traced %d, err %d\n", bytes_traced, err);
790 				}
791 			}
792 		} else {
793 			panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_STACKSHOT_FAILED_ERROR;
794 			panic_info->eph_other_log_offset = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr);
795 			paniclog_append_noflush("\n!! Stackshot Failed !!\nkcdata_memory_static_init returned %d", err);
796 		}
797 	}
798 
799 #if CONFIG_EXT_PANICLOG
800 	// Write ext paniclog at the end of the paniclog region.
801 	ext_paniclog_bytes = ext_paniclog_write_panicdata();
802 	panic_info->eph_ext_paniclog_offset = (ext_paniclog_bytes != 0) ?
803 	    PE_get_offset_into_panic_region((debug_buf_base + debug_buf_size) - ext_paniclog_bytes) :
804 	    0;
805 	panic_info->eph_ext_paniclog_len = ext_paniclog_bytes;
806 #endif
807 
808 	assert(panic_info->eph_other_log_offset != 0);
809 
810 	if (print_vnodes != 0) {
811 		panic_print_vnodes();
812 	}
813 
814 	panic_bt_depth--;
815 }
816 
817 /*
818  * Entry to print_all_backtraces is serialized by the debugger lock
819  */
820 static void
print_all_backtraces(const char * message,uint64_t panic_options,const char * panic_initiator)821 print_all_backtraces(const char *message, uint64_t panic_options, const char *panic_initiator)
822 {
823 	unsigned int initial_not_in_kdp = not_in_kdp;
824 
825 	cpu_data_t * cpu_data_ptr = getCpuDatap();
826 
827 	assert(cpu_data_ptr->PAB_active == FALSE);
828 	cpu_data_ptr->PAB_active = TRUE;
829 
830 	/*
831 	 * Because print all backtraces uses the pmap routines, it needs to
832 	 * avoid taking pmap locks.  Right now, this is conditionalized on
833 	 * not_in_kdp.
834 	 */
835 	not_in_kdp = 0;
836 	do_print_all_backtraces(message, panic_options, panic_initiator);
837 
838 	not_in_kdp = initial_not_in_kdp;
839 
840 	cpu_data_ptr->PAB_active = FALSE;
841 }
842 
843 void
panic_display_times()844 panic_display_times()
845 {
846 	if (kdp_clock_is_locked()) {
847 		paniclog_append_noflush("Warning: clock is locked.  Can't get time\n");
848 		return;
849 	}
850 
851 	extern lck_ticket_t clock_lock;
852 	extern lck_grp_t clock_lock_grp;
853 
854 	if ((is_clock_configured) && (lck_ticket_lock_try(&clock_lock, &clock_lock_grp))) {
855 		clock_sec_t     secs, boot_secs;
856 		clock_usec_t    usecs, boot_usecs;
857 
858 		lck_ticket_unlock(&clock_lock);
859 
860 		clock_get_calendar_microtime(&secs, &usecs);
861 		clock_get_boottime_microtime(&boot_secs, &boot_usecs);
862 
863 		paniclog_append_noflush("mach_absolute_time: 0x%llx\n", mach_absolute_time());
864 		paniclog_append_noflush("Epoch Time:        sec       usec\n");
865 		paniclog_append_noflush("  Boot    : 0x%08x 0x%08x\n", (unsigned int)boot_secs, (unsigned int)boot_usecs);
866 		paniclog_append_noflush("  Sleep   : 0x%08x 0x%08x\n", (unsigned int)gIOLastSleepTime.tv_sec, (unsigned int)gIOLastSleepTime.tv_usec);
867 		paniclog_append_noflush("  Wake    : 0x%08x 0x%08x\n", (unsigned int)gIOLastWakeTime.tv_sec, (unsigned int)gIOLastWakeTime.tv_usec);
868 		paniclog_append_noflush("  Calendar: 0x%08x 0x%08x\n\n", (unsigned int)secs, (unsigned int)usecs);
869 	}
870 }
871 
872 void
panic_print_symbol_name(vm_address_t search)873 panic_print_symbol_name(vm_address_t search)
874 {
875 #pragma unused(search)
876 	// empty stub. Really only used on x86_64.
877 	return;
878 }
879 
880 void
SavePanicInfo(const char * message,__unused void * panic_data,uint64_t panic_options,const char * panic_initiator)881 SavePanicInfo(
882 	const char *message, __unused void *panic_data, uint64_t panic_options, const char* panic_initiator)
883 {
884 	/*
885 	 * This should be initialized by the time we get here, but
886 	 * if it is not, asserting about it will be of no use (it will
887 	 * come right back to here), so just loop right here and now.
888 	 * This prevents early-boot panics from becoming recursive and
889 	 * thus makes them easier to debug. If you attached to a device
890 	 * and see your PC here, look down a few frames to see your
891 	 * early-boot panic there.
892 	 */
893 	while (!panic_info || panic_info->eph_panic_log_offset == 0) {
894 		// rdar://87170225 (PanicHardening: audit panic code for naked spinloops)
895 		// rdar://88094367 (Add test hooks for panic at different stages in XNU)
896 		;
897 	}
898 
899 	if (panic_options & DEBUGGER_OPTION_PANICLOGANDREBOOT) {
900 		panic_info->eph_panic_flags  |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_BUTTON_RESET_PANIC;
901 	}
902 
903 	if (panic_options & DEBUGGER_OPTION_COMPANION_PROC_INITIATED_PANIC) {
904 		panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_COMPANION_PROC_INITIATED_PANIC;
905 	}
906 
907 	if (panic_options & DEBUGGER_OPTION_INTEGRATED_COPROC_INITIATED_PANIC) {
908 		panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_INTEGRATED_COPROC_INITIATED_PANIC;
909 	}
910 
911 	if (panic_options & DEBUGGER_OPTION_USERSPACE_INITIATED_PANIC) {
912 		panic_info->eph_panic_flags |= EMBEDDED_PANIC_HEADER_FLAG_USERSPACE_INITIATED_PANIC;
913 	}
914 
915 #if defined(XNU_TARGET_OS_BRIDGE)
916 	panic_info->eph_x86_power_state = PE_smc_stashed_x86_power_state;
917 	panic_info->eph_x86_efi_boot_state = PE_smc_stashed_x86_efi_boot_state;
918 	panic_info->eph_x86_system_state = PE_smc_stashed_x86_system_state;
919 #endif
920 
921 	/*
922 	 * On newer targets, panic data is stored directly into the iBoot panic region.
923 	 * If we re-enter SavePanicInfo (e.g. on a double panic) on such a target, update the
924 	 * panic CRC so that iBoot can hopefully find *something* useful in the panic region.
925 	 */
926 	if (PanicInfoSaved && (debug_buf_base >= (char*)gPanicBase) && (debug_buf_base < (char*)gPanicBase + gPanicSize)) {
927 		unsigned int pi_size = (unsigned int)(debug_buf_ptr - gPanicBase);
928 		PE_update_panic_crc((unsigned char*)gPanicBase, &pi_size);
929 		PE_sync_panic_buffers(); // extra precaution; panic path likely isn't reliable if we're here
930 	}
931 
932 	if (PanicInfoSaved || (debug_buf_size == 0)) {
933 		return;
934 	}
935 
936 	PanicInfoSaved = TRUE;
937 
938 
939 	print_all_backtraces(message, panic_options, panic_initiator);
940 
941 	assert(panic_info->eph_panic_log_len != 0);
942 	panic_info->eph_other_log_len = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr) - panic_info->eph_other_log_offset;
943 
944 	PEHaltRestart(kPEPanicSync);
945 
946 	/*
947 	 * Notifies registered IOPlatformPanicAction callbacks
948 	 * (which includes one to disable the memcache) and flushes
949 	 * the buffer contents from the cache
950 	 */
951 	paniclog_flush();
952 }
953 
954 void
paniclog_flush()955 paniclog_flush()
956 {
957 	unsigned int panicbuf_length = 0;
958 
959 	panicbuf_length = (unsigned int)(debug_buf_ptr - gPanicBase);
960 	if (!debug_buf_ptr || !panicbuf_length) {
961 		return;
962 	}
963 
964 	/*
965 	 * Updates the log length of the last part of the panic log.
966 	 */
967 	panic_info->eph_other_log_len = PE_get_offset_into_panic_region(debug_buf_ptr) - panic_info->eph_other_log_offset;
968 
969 	/*
970 	 * Updates the metadata at the beginning of the panic buffer,
971 	 * updates the CRC.
972 	 */
973 	PE_update_panic_crc((unsigned char *)gPanicBase, &panicbuf_length);
974 
975 	/*
976 	 * This is currently unused by platform KEXTs on embedded but is
977 	 * kept for compatibility with the published IOKit interfaces.
978 	 */
979 	PESavePanicInfo((unsigned char *)gPanicBase, panicbuf_length);
980 
981 	PE_sync_panic_buffers();
982 }
983 
984 #if CONFIG_SPTM
985 /*
986  * Patch thread state to appear as if a debugger stop IPI occurred, when a thread
987  * is parked in SPTM panic loop. This allows stackshot to proceed as usual.
988  */
989 static void
DebuggerPatchupThreadState(int cpu,xnu_saved_registers_t * regp)990 DebuggerPatchupThreadState(
991 	int cpu, xnu_saved_registers_t *regp)
992 {
993 	cpu_data_t         *target_cpu_datap;
994 	arm_saved_state_t  *statep;
995 	vm_offset_t        kstackptr;
996 
997 	target_cpu_datap = (cpu_data_t *)CpuDataEntries[cpu].cpu_data_vaddr;
998 	statep = target_cpu_datap->cpu_active_thread->machine.kpcb;
999 	kstackptr = (vm_offset_t)target_cpu_datap->cpu_active_thread->machine.kstackptr;
1000 
1001 	target_cpu_datap->ipi_pc = regp->pc;
1002 	target_cpu_datap->ipi_lr = regp->lr;
1003 	target_cpu_datap->ipi_fp = regp->fp;
1004 
1005 	if (statep != NULL) {
1006 		statep->ss_64.fp = regp->fp;
1007 		statep->ss_64.lr = regp->lr;
1008 		statep->ss_64.sp = regp->sp;
1009 		statep->ss_64.pc = regp->pc;
1010 	} else if ((void *)kstackptr != NULL) {
1011 		arm_kernel_saved_state_t *kstatep = (arm_kernel_saved_state_t *)kstackptr;
1012 		kstatep->fp = regp->fp;
1013 		kstatep->lr = regp->lr;
1014 		kstatep->sp = regp->sp;
1015 	}
1016 }
1017 #endif
1018 
1019 /*
1020  * @function DebuggerXCallEnter
1021  *
1022  * @abstract IPI other cores so this core can run in a single-threaded context.
1023  *
1024  * @discussion This function should be called with the debugger lock held.  It
1025  * signals the other cores to go into a busy loop so this core can run in a
1026  * single-threaded context and inspect kernel memory.
1027  *
1028  * @param proceed_on_sync_failure If true, then go ahead and try to debug even
1029  * if we can't synch with the other cores.  This is inherently unsafe and should
1030  * only be used if the kernel is going down in flames anyway.
1031  *
1032  * @param is_stackshot If true, this is a stackshot request.
1033  *
1034  * @result returns KERN_OPERATION_TIMED_OUT if synchronization times out and
1035  * proceed_on_sync_failure is false.
1036  */
1037 kern_return_t
DebuggerXCallEnter(boolean_t proceed_on_sync_failure,bool is_stackshot)1038 DebuggerXCallEnter(
1039 	boolean_t proceed_on_sync_failure, bool is_stackshot)
1040 {
1041 	uint64_t max_mabs_time, current_mabs_time;
1042 	int cpu;
1043 	int timeout_cpu = -1;
1044 	int max_cpu;
1045 	unsigned int sync_pending;
1046 	cpu_data_t      *target_cpu_datap;
1047 	cpu_data_t      *cpu_data_ptr = getCpuDatap();
1048 
1049 	/* Check for nested debugger entry. */
1050 	cpu_data_ptr->debugger_active++;
1051 	if (cpu_data_ptr->debugger_active != 1) {
1052 		return KERN_SUCCESS;
1053 	}
1054 
1055 	/*
1056 	 * If debugger_sync is not 0, someone responded excessively late to the last
1057 	 * debug request (we zero the sync variable in the return function).  Zero it
1058 	 * again here.  This should prevent us from getting out of sync (heh) and
1059 	 * timing out on every entry to the debugger if we timeout once.
1060 	 */
1061 
1062 	debugger_sync = 0;
1063 	mp_kdp_trap = 1;
1064 	debug_cpus_spinning = 0;
1065 	trap_is_stackshot = is_stackshot;
1066 
1067 
1068 	/*
1069 	 * Try to signal all CPUs (except ourselves, of course).  Use debugger_sync to
1070 	 * synchronize with every CPU that we appeared to signal successfully (cpu_signal
1071 	 * is not synchronous).
1072 	 */
1073 	max_cpu = ml_get_max_cpu_number();
1074 
1075 	boolean_t immediate_halt = FALSE;
1076 	if (proceed_on_sync_failure && force_immediate_debug_halt) {
1077 		immediate_halt = TRUE;
1078 	}
1079 
1080 	if (!immediate_halt) {
1081 		for (cpu = 0; cpu <= max_cpu; cpu++) {
1082 			target_cpu_datap = (cpu_data_t *)CpuDataEntries[cpu].cpu_data_vaddr;
1083 
1084 			if ((target_cpu_datap == NULL) || (target_cpu_datap == cpu_data_ptr)) {
1085 				continue;
1086 			}
1087 
1088 			kern_return_t ret = cpu_signal(target_cpu_datap, SIGPdebug, (void *)NULL, NULL);
1089 			if (ret == KERN_SUCCESS) {
1090 				os_atomic_inc(&debugger_sync, relaxed);
1091 				os_atomic_inc(&debug_cpus_spinning, relaxed);
1092 			} else if (proceed_on_sync_failure) {
1093 				kprintf("cpu_signal failed in DebuggerXCallEnter\n");
1094 			}
1095 		}
1096 
1097 		max_mabs_time = os_atomic_load(&debug_ack_timeout, relaxed);
1098 
1099 		if (max_mabs_time > 0) {
1100 			current_mabs_time = mach_absolute_time();
1101 			max_mabs_time += current_mabs_time;
1102 			assert(max_mabs_time > current_mabs_time);
1103 		}
1104 
1105 		/*
1106 		 * Wait for DEBUG_ACK_TIMEOUT ns for a response from everyone we IPI'd.  If we
1107 		 * timeout, that is simply too bad; we don't have a true NMI, and one CPU may be
1108 		 * uninterruptibly spinning on someone else.  The best we can hope for is that
1109 		 * all other CPUs have either responded or are spinning in a context that is
1110 		 * debugger safe.
1111 		 */
1112 		do {
1113 			current_mabs_time = mach_absolute_time();
1114 			sync_pending = os_atomic_load(&debugger_sync, acquire);
1115 		} while ((sync_pending != 0) && (max_mabs_time == 0 || current_mabs_time < max_mabs_time));
1116 	}
1117 
1118 	if (!immediate_halt && max_mabs_time > 0 && current_mabs_time >= max_mabs_time) {
1119 		/*
1120 		 * We timed out trying to IPI the other CPUs. Skip counting any CPUs that
1121 		 * are offline; then we must account for the remainder, either counting
1122 		 * them as halted, or trying to dbgwrap them to get them to halt in the
1123 		 * case where the system is going down and we are running a dev fused
1124 		 * device.
1125 		 */
1126 		__builtin_arm_dmb(DMB_ISH);
1127 		for (cpu = 0; cpu <= max_cpu; cpu++) {
1128 			target_cpu_datap = (cpu_data_t *)CpuDataEntries[cpu].cpu_data_vaddr;
1129 
1130 			if ((target_cpu_datap == NULL) || (target_cpu_datap == cpu_data_ptr)) {
1131 				continue;
1132 			}
1133 			if (!(target_cpu_datap->cpu_signal & SIGPdebug)) {
1134 				continue;
1135 			}
1136 			if (processor_array[cpu]->state <= PROCESSOR_PENDING_OFFLINE) {
1137 				/*
1138 				 * This is a processor that was successfully sent a SIGPdebug signal
1139 				 * but which hasn't acknowledged it because it went offline with
1140 				 * interrupts disabled before the IPI was delivered, so count it
1141 				 * as halted here.
1142 				 */
1143 				os_atomic_dec(&debugger_sync, relaxed);
1144 				kprintf("%s>found CPU %d offline, debugger_sync=%d\n", __FUNCTION__, cpu, debugger_sync);
1145 				continue;
1146 			}
1147 			timeout_cpu = cpu;
1148 #if CONFIG_SPTM
1149 			if (proceed_on_sync_failure) {
1150 				/*
1151 				 * If a core is spinning in the SPTM panic loop, consider it
1152 				 * as sync'd, and try to patch up the thread state from the
1153 				 * SPTM callee saved registers.
1154 				 */
1155 				bool sptm_panic_loop = false;
1156 				vm_offset_t base = other_percpu_base(cpu);
1157 				pmap_sptm_percpu_data_t *sptm_pcpu = PERCPU_GET_WITH_BASE(base, pmap_sptm_percpu);
1158 				uint64_t sptm_cpuid = sptm_pcpu->sptm_cpu_id;
1159 
1160 				if (sptm_get_cpu_state(sptm_cpuid, CPUSTATE_PANIC_SPIN, &sptm_panic_loop)
1161 				    == SPTM_SUCCESS) {
1162 					xnu_saved_registers_t regs;
1163 
1164 					if (sptm_copy_callee_saved_state(sptm_cpuid, &regs)
1165 					    == LIBSPTM_SUCCESS) {
1166 						DebuggerPatchupThreadState(cpu, &regs);
1167 					}
1168 
1169 					kprintf("%s>found CPU %d in SPTM\n", __FUNCTION__, cpu);
1170 					os_atomic_dec(&debugger_sync, relaxed);
1171 				}
1172 			}
1173 #endif
1174 		}
1175 
1176 		if (debugger_sync == 0) {
1177 			return KERN_SUCCESS;
1178 		} else if (!proceed_on_sync_failure) {
1179 			panic("%s>Debugger synch pending on cpu %d\n",
1180 			    __FUNCTION__, timeout_cpu);
1181 		}
1182 	}
1183 	if (immediate_halt || (max_mabs_time > 0 && current_mabs_time >= max_mabs_time)) {
1184 		if (immediate_halt) {
1185 			__builtin_arm_dmb(DMB_ISH);
1186 		}
1187 		for (cpu = 0; cpu <= max_cpu; cpu++) {
1188 			target_cpu_datap = (cpu_data_t *)CpuDataEntries[cpu].cpu_data_vaddr;
1189 
1190 			if ((target_cpu_datap == NULL) || (target_cpu_datap == cpu_data_ptr)) {
1191 				continue;
1192 			}
1193 			paniclog_append_noflush("Attempting to forcibly halt cpu %d\n", cpu);
1194 			dbgwrap_status_t halt_status = ml_dbgwrap_halt_cpu(cpu, 0);
1195 			if (halt_status < 0) {
1196 				paniclog_append_noflush("cpu %d failed to halt with error %d: %s\n", cpu, halt_status, ml_dbgwrap_strerror(halt_status));
1197 			} else {
1198 				if (halt_status > 0) {
1199 					paniclog_append_noflush("cpu %d halted with warning %d: %s\n", cpu, halt_status, ml_dbgwrap_strerror(halt_status));
1200 				}
1201 				target_cpu_datap->halt_status = CPU_HALTED;
1202 			}
1203 		}
1204 		for (cpu = 0; cpu <= max_cpu; cpu++) {
1205 			target_cpu_datap = (cpu_data_t *)CpuDataEntries[cpu].cpu_data_vaddr;
1206 
1207 			if ((target_cpu_datap == NULL) || (target_cpu_datap == cpu_data_ptr)) {
1208 				continue;
1209 			}
1210 			dbgwrap_status_t halt_status = ml_dbgwrap_halt_cpu_with_state(cpu,
1211 			    NSEC_PER_SEC, &target_cpu_datap->halt_state);
1212 			if ((halt_status < 0) || (halt_status == DBGWRAP_WARN_CPU_OFFLINE)) {
1213 				paniclog_append_noflush("Unable to obtain state for cpu %d with status %d: %s\n", cpu, halt_status, ml_dbgwrap_strerror(halt_status));
1214 				debug_ack_timeout_count++;
1215 			} else {
1216 				paniclog_append_noflush("cpu %d successfully halted\n", cpu);
1217 				target_cpu_datap->halt_status = CPU_HALTED_WITH_STATE;
1218 			}
1219 		}
1220 		if (immediate_halt) {
1221 			paniclog_append_noflush("Immediate halt requested on all cores\n");
1222 		} else {
1223 			paniclog_append_noflush("Debugger synchronization timed out; timeout %llu nanoseconds\n",
1224 			    os_atomic_load(&debug_ack_timeout, relaxed));
1225 		}
1226 	}
1227 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
1228 }
1229 
1230 /*
1231  * @function DebuggerXCallReturn
1232  *
1233  * @abstract Resume normal multicore operation after DebuggerXCallEnter()
1234  *
1235  * @discussion This function should be called with debugger lock held.
1236  */
1237 void
DebuggerXCallReturn(void)1238 DebuggerXCallReturn(
1239 	void)
1240 {
1241 	cpu_data_t      *cpu_data_ptr = getCpuDatap();
1242 	uint64_t max_mabs_time, current_mabs_time;
1243 
1244 	cpu_data_ptr->debugger_active--;
1245 	if (cpu_data_ptr->debugger_active != 0) {
1246 		return;
1247 	}
1248 
1249 	mp_kdp_trap = 0;
1250 	debugger_sync = 0;
1251 
1252 	max_mabs_time = os_atomic_load(&debug_ack_timeout, relaxed);
1253 
1254 	if (max_mabs_time > 0) {
1255 		current_mabs_time = mach_absolute_time();
1256 		max_mabs_time += current_mabs_time;
1257 		assert(max_mabs_time > current_mabs_time);
1258 	}
1259 
1260 	/*
1261 	 * Wait for other CPUs to stop spinning on mp_kdp_trap (see DebuggerXCall).
1262 	 * It's possible for one or more CPUs to not decrement debug_cpus_spinning,
1263 	 * since they may be stuck somewhere else with interrupts disabled.
1264 	 * Wait for DEBUG_ACK_TIMEOUT ns for a response and move on if we don't get it.
1265 	 *
1266 	 * Note that the same is done in DebuggerXCallEnter, when we wait for other
1267 	 * CPUS to update debugger_sync. If we time out, let's hope for all CPUs to be
1268 	 * spinning in a debugger-safe context
1269 	 */
1270 	while ((os_atomic_load_exclusive(&debug_cpus_spinning, acquire) != 0) &&
1271 	    (max_mabs_time == 0 || current_mabs_time < max_mabs_time)) {
1272 		__builtin_arm_wfe();
1273 		current_mabs_time = mach_absolute_time();
1274 	}
1275 	os_atomic_clear_exclusive();
1276 
1277 	// checking debug_ack_timeout != 0 is a workaround for rdar://124242354
1278 	if (current_mabs_time >= max_mabs_time && os_atomic_load(&debug_ack_timeout, relaxed) != 0) {
1279 		panic("Resuming from debugger synchronization failed: waited %llu nanoseconds\n", os_atomic_load(&debug_ack_timeout, relaxed));
1280 	}
1281 }
1282 
1283 extern void wait_while_mp_kdp_trap(bool check_SIGPdebug);
1284 /*
1285  * Spin while mp_kdp_trap is set.
1286  *
1287  * processor_offline() calls this with check_SIGPdebug=true
1288  * to break out of the spin loop if the cpu has SIGPdebug
1289  * pending.
1290  */
1291 void
wait_while_mp_kdp_trap(bool check_SIGPdebug)1292 wait_while_mp_kdp_trap(bool check_SIGPdebug)
1293 {
1294 	bool found_mp_kdp_trap = false;
1295 	bool found_SIGPdebug = false;
1296 
1297 	while (os_atomic_load_exclusive(&mp_kdp_trap, relaxed) != 0) {
1298 		found_mp_kdp_trap = true;
1299 		if (check_SIGPdebug && cpu_has_SIGPdebug_pending()) {
1300 			found_SIGPdebug = true;
1301 			break;
1302 		}
1303 		__builtin_arm_wfe();
1304 	}
1305 	os_atomic_clear_exclusive();
1306 
1307 	if (check_SIGPdebug && found_mp_kdp_trap) {
1308 		kprintf("%s>found_mp_kdp_trap=true found_SIGPdebug=%s\n", __FUNCTION__, found_SIGPdebug ? "true" : "false");
1309 	}
1310 }
1311 
1312 void
DebuggerXCall(void * ctx)1313 DebuggerXCall(
1314 	void            *ctx)
1315 {
1316 	boolean_t               save_context = FALSE;
1317 	vm_offset_t             kstackptr = 0;
1318 	arm_saved_state_t       *regs = (arm_saved_state_t *) ctx;
1319 
1320 	if (regs != NULL) {
1321 #if defined(__arm64__)
1322 		current_cpu_datap()->ipi_pc = (uint64_t)get_saved_state_pc(regs);
1323 		current_cpu_datap()->ipi_lr = (uint64_t)get_saved_state_lr(regs);
1324 		current_cpu_datap()->ipi_fp = (uint64_t)get_saved_state_fp(regs);
1325 		save_context = PSR64_IS_KERNEL(get_saved_state_cpsr(regs));
1326 #endif
1327 	}
1328 
1329 	kstackptr = (vm_offset_t)current_thread()->machine.kstackptr;
1330 
1331 #if defined(__arm64__)
1332 	arm_kernel_saved_state_t *state = (arm_kernel_saved_state_t *)kstackptr;
1333 
1334 	if (save_context) {
1335 		/* Save the interrupted context before acknowledging the signal */
1336 		current_thread()->machine.kpcb = regs;
1337 	} else if (regs) {
1338 		/* zero old state so machine_trace_thread knows not to backtrace it */
1339 		state->fp = 0;
1340 		state->pc_was_in_userspace = true;
1341 		state->lr = 0;
1342 		state->sp = 0;
1343 		state->ssbs = 0;
1344 		state->uao = 0;
1345 		state->dit = 0;
1346 	}
1347 #endif
1348 
1349 	/*
1350 	 * When running in serial mode, the core capturing the dump may hold interrupts disabled
1351 	 * for a time longer than the timeout. That path includes logic to reset the timestamp
1352 	 * so that we do not eventually trigger the interrupt timeout assert().
1353 	 *
1354 	 * Here we check whether other cores have already gone over the timeout at this point
1355 	 * before spinning, so we at least cover the IPI reception path. After spinning, however,
1356 	 * we reset the timestamp so as to avoid hitting the interrupt timeout assert().
1357 	 */
1358 	if ((serialmode & SERIALMODE_OUTPUT) || trap_is_stackshot) {
1359 		INTERRUPT_MASKED_DEBUG_END();
1360 	}
1361 
1362 	/*
1363 	 * Before we decrement debugger sync, do stackshot preflight work (if applicable).
1364 	 * Namely, we want to signal that we're available to do stackshot work, and we need to
1365 	 * signal so before the stackshot-calling CPU starts work.
1366 	 */
1367 
1368 	if (trap_is_stackshot) {
1369 		stackshot_cpu_preflight();
1370 	}
1371 
1372 	os_atomic_dec(&debugger_sync, release);
1373 
1374 	/* If we trapped because we're doing a stackshot, do our work first. */
1375 	if (trap_is_stackshot) {
1376 		stackshot_aux_cpu_entry();
1377 	}
1378 
1379 
1380 	wait_while_mp_kdp_trap(false);
1381 
1382 	/**
1383 	 * Alert the triggering CPU that this CPU is done spinning. The CPU that
1384 	 * signalled all of the other CPUs will wait (in DebuggerXCallReturn) for
1385 	 * all of the CPUs to exit the above loop before continuing.
1386 	 */
1387 	os_atomic_dec(&debug_cpus_spinning, release);
1388 
1389 #if SCHED_HYGIENE_DEBUG
1390 	/*
1391 	 * We also abandon the measurement for preemption disable
1392 	 * timeouts, if any. Normally, time in interrupt handlers would be
1393 	 * subtracted from preemption disable time, and this will happen
1394 	 * up to this point here, but since we here "end" the interrupt
1395 	 * handler prematurely (from the point of view of interrupt masked
1396 	 * debugging), the time spinning would otherwise still be
1397 	 * attributed to preemption disable time, and potentially trigger
1398 	 * an event, which could be a panic.
1399 	 */
1400 	abandon_preemption_disable_measurement();
1401 #endif /* SCHED_HYGIENE_DEBUG */
1402 
1403 	if ((serialmode & SERIALMODE_OUTPUT) || trap_is_stackshot) {
1404 		INTERRUPT_MASKED_DEBUG_START(current_thread()->machine.int_handler_addr, current_thread()->machine.int_type);
1405 	}
1406 
1407 #if defined(__arm64__)
1408 	current_thread()->machine.kpcb = NULL;
1409 #endif /* defined(__arm64__) */
1410 
1411 	/* Any cleanup for our pushed context should go here */
1412 }
1413 
1414 void
DebuggerCall(unsigned int reason,void * ctx)1415 DebuggerCall(
1416 	unsigned int    reason,
1417 	void            *ctx)
1418 {
1419 #if     !MACH_KDP
1420 #pragma unused(reason,ctx)
1421 #endif /* !MACH_KDP */
1422 
1423 #if ALTERNATE_DEBUGGER
1424 	alternate_debugger_enter();
1425 #endif
1426 
1427 #if     MACH_KDP
1428 	kdp_trap(reason, (struct arm_saved_state *)ctx);
1429 #else
1430 	/* TODO: decide what to do if no debugger config */
1431 #endif
1432 }
1433 
1434 boolean_t
bootloader_valid_page(ppnum_t ppn)1435 bootloader_valid_page(ppnum_t ppn)
1436 {
1437 	return pmap_bootloader_page(ppn);
1438 }
1439