1 //===-- llvm/Analysis/DependenceAnalysis.h -------------------- -*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // DependenceAnalysis is an LLVM pass that analyses dependences between memory
11 // accesses. Currently, it is an implementation of the approach described in
12 //
13 //            Practical Dependence Testing
14 //            Goff, Kennedy, Tseng
15 //            PLDI 1991
16 //
17 // There's a single entry point that analyzes the dependence between a pair
18 // of memory references in a function, returning either NULL, for no dependence,
19 // or a more-or-less detailed description of the dependence between them.
20 //
21 // This pass exists to support the DependenceGraph pass. There are two separate
22 // passes because there's a useful separation of concerns. A dependence exists
23 // if two conditions are met:
24 //
25 //    1) Two instructions reference the same memory location, and
26 //    2) There is a flow of control leading from one instruction to the other.
27 //
28 // DependenceAnalysis attacks the first condition; DependenceGraph will attack
29 // the second (it's not yet ready).
30 //
31 // Please note that this is work in progress and the interface is subject to
32 // change.
33 //
34 // Plausible changes:
35 //    Return a set of more precise dependences instead of just one dependence
36 //    summarizing all.
37 //
38 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
39 
40 #ifndef LLVM_ANALYSIS_DEPENDENCEANALYSIS_H
41 #define LLVM_ANALYSIS_DEPENDENCEANALYSIS_H
42 
43 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallBitVector.h"
44 #include "llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h"
45 #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
46 #include "llvm/Pass.h"
47 
48 namespace llvm {
49 template <typename T> class ArrayRef;
50   class Loop;
51   class LoopInfo;
52   class ScalarEvolution;
53   class SCEV;
54   class SCEVConstant;
55   class raw_ostream;
56 
57   /// Dependence - This class represents a dependence between two memory
58   /// memory references in a function. It contains minimal information and
59   /// is used in the very common situation where the compiler is unable to
60   /// determine anything beyond the existence of a dependence; that is, it
61   /// represents a confused dependence (see also FullDependence). In most
62   /// cases (for output, flow, and anti dependences), the dependence implies
63   /// an ordering, where the source must precede the destination; in contrast,
64   /// input dependences are unordered.
65   ///
66   /// When a dependence graph is built, each Dependence will be a member of
67   /// the set of predecessor edges for its destination instruction and a set
68   /// if successor edges for its source instruction. These sets are represented
69   /// as singly-linked lists, with the "next" fields stored in the dependence
70   /// itelf.
71   class Dependence {
72   protected:
73     Dependence(Dependence &&) = default;
74     Dependence &operator=(Dependence &&) = default;
75 
76   public:
Dependence(Instruction * Source,Instruction * Destination)77     Dependence(Instruction *Source,
78                Instruction *Destination) :
79       Src(Source),
80       Dst(Destination),
81       NextPredecessor(nullptr),
82       NextSuccessor(nullptr) {}
~Dependence()83     virtual ~Dependence() {}
84 
85     /// Dependence::DVEntry - Each level in the distance/direction vector
86     /// has a direction (or perhaps a union of several directions), and
87     /// perhaps a distance.
88     struct DVEntry {
89       enum { NONE = 0,
90              LT = 1,
91              EQ = 2,
92              LE = 3,
93              GT = 4,
94              NE = 5,
95              GE = 6,
96              ALL = 7 };
97       unsigned char Direction : 3; // Init to ALL, then refine.
98       bool Scalar    : 1; // Init to true.
99       bool PeelFirst : 1; // Peeling the first iteration will break dependence.
100       bool PeelLast  : 1; // Peeling the last iteration will break the dependence.
101       bool Splitable : 1; // Splitting the loop will break dependence.
102       const SCEV *Distance; // NULL implies no distance available.
DVEntryDVEntry103       DVEntry() : Direction(ALL), Scalar(true), PeelFirst(false),
104                   PeelLast(false), Splitable(false), Distance(nullptr) { }
105     };
106 
107     /// getSrc - Returns the source instruction for this dependence.
108     ///
getSrc()109     Instruction *getSrc() const { return Src; }
110 
111     /// getDst - Returns the destination instruction for this dependence.
112     ///
getDst()113     Instruction *getDst() const { return Dst; }
114 
115     /// isInput - Returns true if this is an input dependence.
116     ///
117     bool isInput() const;
118 
119     /// isOutput - Returns true if this is an output dependence.
120     ///
121     bool isOutput() const;
122 
123     /// isFlow - Returns true if this is a flow (aka true) dependence.
124     ///
125     bool isFlow() const;
126 
127     /// isAnti - Returns true if this is an anti dependence.
128     ///
129     bool isAnti() const;
130 
131     /// isOrdered - Returns true if dependence is Output, Flow, or Anti
132     ///
isOrdered()133     bool isOrdered() const { return isOutput() || isFlow() || isAnti(); }
134 
135     /// isUnordered - Returns true if dependence is Input
136     ///
isUnordered()137     bool isUnordered() const { return isInput(); }
138 
139     /// isLoopIndependent - Returns true if this is a loop-independent
140     /// dependence.
isLoopIndependent()141     virtual bool isLoopIndependent() const { return true; }
142 
143     /// isConfused - Returns true if this dependence is confused
144     /// (the compiler understands nothing and makes worst-case
145     /// assumptions).
isConfused()146     virtual bool isConfused() const { return true; }
147 
148     /// isConsistent - Returns true if this dependence is consistent
149     /// (occurs every time the source and destination are executed).
isConsistent()150     virtual bool isConsistent() const { return false; }
151 
152     /// getLevels - Returns the number of common loops surrounding the
153     /// source and destination of the dependence.
getLevels()154     virtual unsigned getLevels() const { return 0; }
155 
156     /// getDirection - Returns the direction associated with a particular
157     /// level.
getDirection(unsigned Level)158     virtual unsigned getDirection(unsigned Level) const { return DVEntry::ALL; }
159 
160     /// getDistance - Returns the distance (or NULL) associated with a
161     /// particular level.
getDistance(unsigned Level)162     virtual const SCEV *getDistance(unsigned Level) const { return nullptr; }
163 
164     /// isPeelFirst - Returns true if peeling the first iteration from
165     /// this loop will break this dependence.
isPeelFirst(unsigned Level)166     virtual bool isPeelFirst(unsigned Level) const { return false; }
167 
168     /// isPeelLast - Returns true if peeling the last iteration from
169     /// this loop will break this dependence.
isPeelLast(unsigned Level)170     virtual bool isPeelLast(unsigned Level) const { return false; }
171 
172     /// isSplitable - Returns true if splitting this loop will break
173     /// the dependence.
isSplitable(unsigned Level)174     virtual bool isSplitable(unsigned Level) const { return false; }
175 
176     /// isScalar - Returns true if a particular level is scalar; that is,
177     /// if no subscript in the source or destination mention the induction
178     /// variable associated with the loop at this level.
179     virtual bool isScalar(unsigned Level) const;
180 
181     /// getNextPredecessor - Returns the value of the NextPredecessor
182     /// field.
getNextPredecessor()183     const Dependence *getNextPredecessor() const { return NextPredecessor; }
184 
185     /// getNextSuccessor - Returns the value of the NextSuccessor
186     /// field.
getNextSuccessor()187     const Dependence *getNextSuccessor() const { return NextSuccessor; }
188 
189     /// setNextPredecessor - Sets the value of the NextPredecessor
190     /// field.
setNextPredecessor(const Dependence * pred)191     void setNextPredecessor(const Dependence *pred) { NextPredecessor = pred; }
192 
193     /// setNextSuccessor - Sets the value of the NextSuccessor
194     /// field.
setNextSuccessor(const Dependence * succ)195     void setNextSuccessor(const Dependence *succ) { NextSuccessor = succ; }
196 
197     /// dump - For debugging purposes, dumps a dependence to OS.
198     ///
199     void dump(raw_ostream &OS) const;
200 
201   private:
202     Instruction *Src, *Dst;
203     const Dependence *NextPredecessor, *NextSuccessor;
204     friend class DependenceInfo;
205   };
206 
207   /// FullDependence - This class represents a dependence between two memory
208   /// references in a function. It contains detailed information about the
209   /// dependence (direction vectors, etc.) and is used when the compiler is
210   /// able to accurately analyze the interaction of the references; that is,
211   /// it is not a confused dependence (see Dependence). In most cases
212   /// (for output, flow, and anti dependences), the dependence implies an
213   /// ordering, where the source must precede the destination; in contrast,
214   /// input dependences are unordered.
215   class FullDependence final : public Dependence {
216   public:
217     FullDependence(Instruction *Src, Instruction *Dst, bool LoopIndependent,
218                    unsigned Levels);
219 
220     /// isLoopIndependent - Returns true if this is a loop-independent
221     /// dependence.
isLoopIndependent()222     bool isLoopIndependent() const override { return LoopIndependent; }
223 
224     /// isConfused - Returns true if this dependence is confused
225     /// (the compiler understands nothing and makes worst-case
226     /// assumptions).
isConfused()227     bool isConfused() const override { return false; }
228 
229     /// isConsistent - Returns true if this dependence is consistent
230     /// (occurs every time the source and destination are executed).
isConsistent()231     bool isConsistent() const override { return Consistent; }
232 
233     /// getLevels - Returns the number of common loops surrounding the
234     /// source and destination of the dependence.
getLevels()235     unsigned getLevels() const override { return Levels; }
236 
237     /// getDirection - Returns the direction associated with a particular
238     /// level.
239     unsigned getDirection(unsigned Level) const override;
240 
241     /// getDistance - Returns the distance (or NULL) associated with a
242     /// particular level.
243     const SCEV *getDistance(unsigned Level) const override;
244 
245     /// isPeelFirst - Returns true if peeling the first iteration from
246     /// this loop will break this dependence.
247     bool isPeelFirst(unsigned Level) const override;
248 
249     /// isPeelLast - Returns true if peeling the last iteration from
250     /// this loop will break this dependence.
251     bool isPeelLast(unsigned Level) const override;
252 
253     /// isSplitable - Returns true if splitting the loop will break
254     /// the dependence.
255     bool isSplitable(unsigned Level) const override;
256 
257     /// isScalar - Returns true if a particular level is scalar; that is,
258     /// if no subscript in the source or destination mention the induction
259     /// variable associated with the loop at this level.
260     bool isScalar(unsigned Level) const override;
261 
262   private:
263     unsigned short Levels;
264     bool LoopIndependent;
265     bool Consistent; // Init to true, then refine.
266     std::unique_ptr<DVEntry[]> DV;
267     friend class DependenceInfo;
268   };
269 
270   /// DependenceInfo - This class is the main dependence-analysis driver.
271   ///
272   class DependenceInfo {
273   public:
DependenceInfo(Function * F,AliasAnalysis * AA,ScalarEvolution * SE,LoopInfo * LI)274     DependenceInfo(Function *F, AliasAnalysis *AA, ScalarEvolution *SE,
275                    LoopInfo *LI)
276         : AA(AA), SE(SE), LI(LI), F(F) {}
277 
278     /// depends - Tests for a dependence between the Src and Dst instructions.
279     /// Returns NULL if no dependence; otherwise, returns a Dependence (or a
280     /// FullDependence) with as much information as can be gleaned.
281     /// The flag PossiblyLoopIndependent should be set by the caller
282     /// if it appears that control flow can reach from Src to Dst
283     /// without traversing a loop back edge.
284     std::unique_ptr<Dependence> depends(Instruction *Src,
285                                         Instruction *Dst,
286                                         bool PossiblyLoopIndependent);
287 
288     /// getSplitIteration - Give a dependence that's splittable at some
289     /// particular level, return the iteration that should be used to split
290     /// the loop.
291     ///
292     /// Generally, the dependence analyzer will be used to build
293     /// a dependence graph for a function (basically a map from instructions
294     /// to dependences). Looking for cycles in the graph shows us loops
295     /// that cannot be trivially vectorized/parallelized.
296     ///
297     /// We can try to improve the situation by examining all the dependences
298     /// that make up the cycle, looking for ones we can break.
299     /// Sometimes, peeling the first or last iteration of a loop will break
300     /// dependences, and there are flags for those possibilities.
301     /// Sometimes, splitting a loop at some other iteration will do the trick,
302     /// and we've got a flag for that case. Rather than waste the space to
303     /// record the exact iteration (since we rarely know), we provide
304     /// a method that calculates the iteration. It's a drag that it must work
305     /// from scratch, but wonderful in that it's possible.
306     ///
307     /// Here's an example:
308     ///
309     ///    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
310     ///        A[i] = ...
311     ///        ... = A[11 - i]
312     ///
313     /// There's a loop-carried flow dependence from the store to the load,
314     /// found by the weak-crossing SIV test. The dependence will have a flag,
315     /// indicating that the dependence can be broken by splitting the loop.
316     /// Calling getSplitIteration will return 5.
317     /// Splitting the loop breaks the dependence, like so:
318     ///
319     ///    for (i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
320     ///        A[i] = ...
321     ///        ... = A[11 - i]
322     ///    for (i = 6; i < 10; i++)
323     ///        A[i] = ...
324     ///        ... = A[11 - i]
325     ///
326     /// breaks the dependence and allows us to vectorize/parallelize
327     /// both loops.
328     const SCEV *getSplitIteration(const Dependence &Dep, unsigned Level);
329 
getFunction()330     Function *getFunction() const { return F; }
331 
332   private:
333     AliasAnalysis *AA;
334     ScalarEvolution *SE;
335     LoopInfo *LI;
336     Function *F;
337 
338     /// Subscript - This private struct represents a pair of subscripts from
339     /// a pair of potentially multi-dimensional array references. We use a
340     /// vector of them to guide subscript partitioning.
341     struct Subscript {
342       const SCEV *Src;
343       const SCEV *Dst;
344       enum ClassificationKind { ZIV, SIV, RDIV, MIV, NonLinear } Classification;
345       SmallBitVector Loops;
346       SmallBitVector GroupLoops;
347       SmallBitVector Group;
348     };
349 
350     struct CoefficientInfo {
351       const SCEV *Coeff;
352       const SCEV *PosPart;
353       const SCEV *NegPart;
354       const SCEV *Iterations;
355     };
356 
357     struct BoundInfo {
358       const SCEV *Iterations;
359       const SCEV *Upper[8];
360       const SCEV *Lower[8];
361       unsigned char Direction;
362       unsigned char DirSet;
363     };
364 
365     /// Constraint - This private class represents a constraint, as defined
366     /// in the paper
367     ///
368     ///           Practical Dependence Testing
369     ///           Goff, Kennedy, Tseng
370     ///           PLDI 1991
371     ///
372     /// There are 5 kinds of constraint, in a hierarchy.
373     ///   1) Any - indicates no constraint, any dependence is possible.
374     ///   2) Line - A line ax + by = c, where a, b, and c are parameters,
375     ///             representing the dependence equation.
376     ///   3) Distance - The value d of the dependence distance;
377     ///   4) Point - A point <x, y> representing the dependence from
378     ///              iteration x to iteration y.
379     ///   5) Empty - No dependence is possible.
380     class Constraint {
381     private:
382       enum ConstraintKind { Empty, Point, Distance, Line, Any } Kind;
383       ScalarEvolution *SE;
384       const SCEV *A;
385       const SCEV *B;
386       const SCEV *C;
387       const Loop *AssociatedLoop;
388 
389     public:
390       /// isEmpty - Return true if the constraint is of kind Empty.
isEmpty()391       bool isEmpty() const { return Kind == Empty; }
392 
393       /// isPoint - Return true if the constraint is of kind Point.
isPoint()394       bool isPoint() const { return Kind == Point; }
395 
396       /// isDistance - Return true if the constraint is of kind Distance.
isDistance()397       bool isDistance() const { return Kind == Distance; }
398 
399       /// isLine - Return true if the constraint is of kind Line.
400       /// Since Distance's can also be represented as Lines, we also return
401       /// true if the constraint is of kind Distance.
isLine()402       bool isLine() const { return Kind == Line || Kind == Distance; }
403 
404       /// isAny - Return true if the constraint is of kind Any;
isAny()405       bool isAny() const { return Kind == Any; }
406 
407       /// getX - If constraint is a point <X, Y>, returns X.
408       /// Otherwise assert.
409       const SCEV *getX() const;
410 
411       /// getY - If constraint is a point <X, Y>, returns Y.
412       /// Otherwise assert.
413       const SCEV *getY() const;
414 
415       /// getA - If constraint is a line AX + BY = C, returns A.
416       /// Otherwise assert.
417       const SCEV *getA() const;
418 
419       /// getB - If constraint is a line AX + BY = C, returns B.
420       /// Otherwise assert.
421       const SCEV *getB() const;
422 
423       /// getC - If constraint is a line AX + BY = C, returns C.
424       /// Otherwise assert.
425       const SCEV *getC() const;
426 
427       /// getD - If constraint is a distance, returns D.
428       /// Otherwise assert.
429       const SCEV *getD() const;
430 
431       /// getAssociatedLoop - Returns the loop associated with this constraint.
432       const Loop *getAssociatedLoop() const;
433 
434       /// setPoint - Change a constraint to Point.
435       void setPoint(const SCEV *X, const SCEV *Y, const Loop *CurrentLoop);
436 
437       /// setLine - Change a constraint to Line.
438       void setLine(const SCEV *A, const SCEV *B,
439                    const SCEV *C, const Loop *CurrentLoop);
440 
441       /// setDistance - Change a constraint to Distance.
442       void setDistance(const SCEV *D, const Loop *CurrentLoop);
443 
444       /// setEmpty - Change a constraint to Empty.
445       void setEmpty();
446 
447       /// setAny - Change a constraint to Any.
448       void setAny(ScalarEvolution *SE);
449 
450       /// dump - For debugging purposes. Dumps the constraint
451       /// out to OS.
452       void dump(raw_ostream &OS) const;
453     };
454 
455     /// establishNestingLevels - Examines the loop nesting of the Src and Dst
456     /// instructions and establishes their shared loops. Sets the variables
457     /// CommonLevels, SrcLevels, and MaxLevels.
458     /// The source and destination instructions needn't be contained in the same
459     /// loop. The routine establishNestingLevels finds the level of most deeply
460     /// nested loop that contains them both, CommonLevels. An instruction that's
461     /// not contained in a loop is at level = 0. MaxLevels is equal to the level
462     /// of the source plus the level of the destination, minus CommonLevels.
463     /// This lets us allocate vectors MaxLevels in length, with room for every
464     /// distinct loop referenced in both the source and destination subscripts.
465     /// The variable SrcLevels is the nesting depth of the source instruction.
466     /// It's used to help calculate distinct loops referenced by the destination.
467     /// Here's the map from loops to levels:
468     ///            0 - unused
469     ///            1 - outermost common loop
470     ///          ... - other common loops
471     /// CommonLevels - innermost common loop
472     ///          ... - loops containing Src but not Dst
473     ///    SrcLevels - innermost loop containing Src but not Dst
474     ///          ... - loops containing Dst but not Src
475     ///    MaxLevels - innermost loop containing Dst but not Src
476     /// Consider the follow code fragment:
477     ///    for (a = ...) {
478     ///      for (b = ...) {
479     ///        for (c = ...) {
480     ///          for (d = ...) {
481     ///            A[] = ...;
482     ///          }
483     ///        }
484     ///        for (e = ...) {
485     ///          for (f = ...) {
486     ///            for (g = ...) {
487     ///              ... = A[];
488     ///            }
489     ///          }
490     ///        }
491     ///      }
492     ///    }
493     /// If we're looking at the possibility of a dependence between the store
494     /// to A (the Src) and the load from A (the Dst), we'll note that they
495     /// have 2 loops in common, so CommonLevels will equal 2 and the direction
496     /// vector for Result will have 2 entries. SrcLevels = 4 and MaxLevels = 7.
497     /// A map from loop names to level indices would look like
498     ///     a - 1
499     ///     b - 2 = CommonLevels
500     ///     c - 3
501     ///     d - 4 = SrcLevels
502     ///     e - 5
503     ///     f - 6
504     ///     g - 7 = MaxLevels
505     void establishNestingLevels(const Instruction *Src,
506                                 const Instruction *Dst);
507 
508     unsigned CommonLevels, SrcLevels, MaxLevels;
509 
510     /// mapSrcLoop - Given one of the loops containing the source, return
511     /// its level index in our numbering scheme.
512     unsigned mapSrcLoop(const Loop *SrcLoop) const;
513 
514     /// mapDstLoop - Given one of the loops containing the destination,
515     /// return its level index in our numbering scheme.
516     unsigned mapDstLoop(const Loop *DstLoop) const;
517 
518     /// isLoopInvariant - Returns true if Expression is loop invariant
519     /// in LoopNest.
520     bool isLoopInvariant(const SCEV *Expression, const Loop *LoopNest) const;
521 
522     /// Makes sure all subscript pairs share the same integer type by
523     /// sign-extending as necessary.
524     /// Sign-extending a subscript is safe because getelementptr assumes the
525     /// array subscripts are signed.
526     void unifySubscriptType(ArrayRef<Subscript *> Pairs);
527 
528     /// removeMatchingExtensions - Examines a subscript pair.
529     /// If the source and destination are identically sign (or zero)
530     /// extended, it strips off the extension in an effort to
531     /// simplify the actual analysis.
532     void removeMatchingExtensions(Subscript *Pair);
533 
534     /// collectCommonLoops - Finds the set of loops from the LoopNest that
535     /// have a level <= CommonLevels and are referred to by the SCEV Expression.
536     void collectCommonLoops(const SCEV *Expression,
537                             const Loop *LoopNest,
538                             SmallBitVector &Loops) const;
539 
540     /// checkSrcSubscript - Examines the SCEV Src, returning true iff it's
541     /// linear. Collect the set of loops mentioned by Src.
542     bool checkSrcSubscript(const SCEV *Src,
543                            const Loop *LoopNest,
544                            SmallBitVector &Loops);
545 
546     /// checkDstSubscript - Examines the SCEV Dst, returning true iff it's
547     /// linear. Collect the set of loops mentioned by Dst.
548     bool checkDstSubscript(const SCEV *Dst,
549                            const Loop *LoopNest,
550                            SmallBitVector &Loops);
551 
552     /// isKnownPredicate - Compare X and Y using the predicate Pred.
553     /// Basically a wrapper for SCEV::isKnownPredicate,
554     /// but tries harder, especially in the presence of sign and zero
555     /// extensions and symbolics.
556     bool isKnownPredicate(ICmpInst::Predicate Pred,
557                           const SCEV *X,
558                           const SCEV *Y) const;
559 
560     /// isKnownLessThan - Compare to see if S is less than Size
561     /// Another wrapper for isKnownNegative(S - max(Size, 1)) with some extra
562     /// checking if S is an AddRec and we can prove lessthan using the loop
563     /// bounds.
564     bool isKnownLessThan(const SCEV *S, const SCEV *Size) const;
565 
566     /// isKnownNonNegative - Compare to see if S is known not to be negative
567     /// Uses the fact that S comes from Ptr, which may be an inbound GEP,
568     /// Proving there is no wrapping going on.
569     bool isKnownNonNegative(const SCEV *S, const Value *Ptr) const;
570 
571     /// collectUpperBound - All subscripts are the same type (on my machine,
572     /// an i64). The loop bound may be a smaller type. collectUpperBound
573     /// find the bound, if available, and zero extends it to the Type T.
574     /// (I zero extend since the bound should always be >= 0.)
575     /// If no upper bound is available, return NULL.
576     const SCEV *collectUpperBound(const Loop *l, Type *T) const;
577 
578     /// collectConstantUpperBound - Calls collectUpperBound(), then
579     /// attempts to cast it to SCEVConstant. If the cast fails,
580     /// returns NULL.
581     const SCEVConstant *collectConstantUpperBound(const Loop *l, Type *T) const;
582 
583     /// classifyPair - Examines the subscript pair (the Src and Dst SCEVs)
584     /// and classifies it as either ZIV, SIV, RDIV, MIV, or Nonlinear.
585     /// Collects the associated loops in a set.
586     Subscript::ClassificationKind classifyPair(const SCEV *Src,
587                                            const Loop *SrcLoopNest,
588                                            const SCEV *Dst,
589                                            const Loop *DstLoopNest,
590                                            SmallBitVector &Loops);
591 
592     /// testZIV - Tests the ZIV subscript pair (Src and Dst) for dependence.
593     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
594     /// If there might be a dependence, returns false.
595     /// If the dependence isn't proven to exist,
596     /// marks the Result as inconsistent.
597     bool testZIV(const SCEV *Src,
598                  const SCEV *Dst,
599                  FullDependence &Result) const;
600 
601     /// testSIV - Tests the SIV subscript pair (Src and Dst) for dependence.
602     /// Things of the form [c1 + a1*i] and [c2 + a2*j], where
603     /// i and j are induction variables, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
604     /// and a1 and a2 are constant.
605     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
606     /// If there might be a dependence, returns false.
607     /// Sets appropriate direction vector entry and, when possible,
608     /// the distance vector entry.
609     /// If the dependence isn't proven to exist,
610     /// marks the Result as inconsistent.
611     bool testSIV(const SCEV *Src,
612                  const SCEV *Dst,
613                  unsigned &Level,
614                  FullDependence &Result,
615                  Constraint &NewConstraint,
616                  const SCEV *&SplitIter) const;
617 
618     /// testRDIV - Tests the RDIV subscript pair (Src and Dst) for dependence.
619     /// Things of the form [c1 + a1*i] and [c2 + a2*j]
620     /// where i and j are induction variables, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
621     /// and a1 and a2 are constant.
622     /// With minor algebra, this test can also be used for things like
623     /// [c1 + a1*i + a2*j][c2].
624     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
625     /// If there might be a dependence, returns false.
626     /// Marks the Result as inconsistent.
627     bool testRDIV(const SCEV *Src,
628                   const SCEV *Dst,
629                   FullDependence &Result) const;
630 
631     /// testMIV - Tests the MIV subscript pair (Src and Dst) for dependence.
632     /// Returns true if dependence disproved.
633     /// Can sometimes refine direction vectors.
634     bool testMIV(const SCEV *Src,
635                  const SCEV *Dst,
636                  const SmallBitVector &Loops,
637                  FullDependence &Result) const;
638 
639     /// strongSIVtest - Tests the strong SIV subscript pair (Src and Dst)
640     /// for dependence.
641     /// Things of the form [c1 + a*i] and [c2 + a*i],
642     /// where i is an induction variable, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
643     /// and a is a constant
644     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
645     /// If there might be a dependence, returns false.
646     /// Sets appropriate direction and distance.
647     bool strongSIVtest(const SCEV *Coeff,
648                        const SCEV *SrcConst,
649                        const SCEV *DstConst,
650                        const Loop *CurrentLoop,
651                        unsigned Level,
652                        FullDependence &Result,
653                        Constraint &NewConstraint) const;
654 
655     /// weakCrossingSIVtest - Tests the weak-crossing SIV subscript pair
656     /// (Src and Dst) for dependence.
657     /// Things of the form [c1 + a*i] and [c2 - a*i],
658     /// where i is an induction variable, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
659     /// and a is a constant.
660     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
661     /// If there might be a dependence, returns false.
662     /// Sets appropriate direction entry.
663     /// Set consistent to false.
664     /// Marks the dependence as splitable.
665     bool weakCrossingSIVtest(const SCEV *SrcCoeff,
666                              const SCEV *SrcConst,
667                              const SCEV *DstConst,
668                              const Loop *CurrentLoop,
669                              unsigned Level,
670                              FullDependence &Result,
671                              Constraint &NewConstraint,
672                              const SCEV *&SplitIter) const;
673 
674     /// ExactSIVtest - Tests the SIV subscript pair
675     /// (Src and Dst) for dependence.
676     /// Things of the form [c1 + a1*i] and [c2 + a2*i],
677     /// where i is an induction variable, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
678     /// and a1 and a2 are constant.
679     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
680     /// If there might be a dependence, returns false.
681     /// Sets appropriate direction entry.
682     /// Set consistent to false.
683     bool exactSIVtest(const SCEV *SrcCoeff,
684                       const SCEV *DstCoeff,
685                       const SCEV *SrcConst,
686                       const SCEV *DstConst,
687                       const Loop *CurrentLoop,
688                       unsigned Level,
689                       FullDependence &Result,
690                       Constraint &NewConstraint) const;
691 
692     /// weakZeroSrcSIVtest - Tests the weak-zero SIV subscript pair
693     /// (Src and Dst) for dependence.
694     /// Things of the form [c1] and [c2 + a*i],
695     /// where i is an induction variable, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
696     /// and a is a constant. See also weakZeroDstSIVtest.
697     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
698     /// If there might be a dependence, returns false.
699     /// Sets appropriate direction entry.
700     /// Set consistent to false.
701     /// If loop peeling will break the dependence, mark appropriately.
702     bool weakZeroSrcSIVtest(const SCEV *DstCoeff,
703                             const SCEV *SrcConst,
704                             const SCEV *DstConst,
705                             const Loop *CurrentLoop,
706                             unsigned Level,
707                             FullDependence &Result,
708                             Constraint &NewConstraint) const;
709 
710     /// weakZeroDstSIVtest - Tests the weak-zero SIV subscript pair
711     /// (Src and Dst) for dependence.
712     /// Things of the form [c1 + a*i] and [c2],
713     /// where i is an induction variable, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
714     /// and a is a constant. See also weakZeroSrcSIVtest.
715     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
716     /// If there might be a dependence, returns false.
717     /// Sets appropriate direction entry.
718     /// Set consistent to false.
719     /// If loop peeling will break the dependence, mark appropriately.
720     bool weakZeroDstSIVtest(const SCEV *SrcCoeff,
721                             const SCEV *SrcConst,
722                             const SCEV *DstConst,
723                             const Loop *CurrentLoop,
724                             unsigned Level,
725                             FullDependence &Result,
726                             Constraint &NewConstraint) const;
727 
728     /// exactRDIVtest - Tests the RDIV subscript pair for dependence.
729     /// Things of the form [c1 + a*i] and [c2 + b*j],
730     /// where i and j are induction variable, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
731     /// and a and b are constants.
732     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
733     /// Marks the result as inconsistent.
734     /// Works in some cases that symbolicRDIVtest doesn't,
735     /// and vice versa.
736     bool exactRDIVtest(const SCEV *SrcCoeff,
737                        const SCEV *DstCoeff,
738                        const SCEV *SrcConst,
739                        const SCEV *DstConst,
740                        const Loop *SrcLoop,
741                        const Loop *DstLoop,
742                        FullDependence &Result) const;
743 
744     /// symbolicRDIVtest - Tests the RDIV subscript pair for dependence.
745     /// Things of the form [c1 + a*i] and [c2 + b*j],
746     /// where i and j are induction variable, c1 and c2 are loop invariant,
747     /// and a and b are constants.
748     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
749     /// Marks the result as inconsistent.
750     /// Works in some cases that exactRDIVtest doesn't,
751     /// and vice versa. Can also be used as a backup for
752     /// ordinary SIV tests.
753     bool symbolicRDIVtest(const SCEV *SrcCoeff,
754                           const SCEV *DstCoeff,
755                           const SCEV *SrcConst,
756                           const SCEV *DstConst,
757                           const Loop *SrcLoop,
758                           const Loop *DstLoop) const;
759 
760     /// gcdMIVtest - Tests an MIV subscript pair for dependence.
761     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
762     /// Marks the result as inconsistent.
763     /// Can sometimes disprove the equal direction for 1 or more loops.
764     //  Can handle some symbolics that even the SIV tests don't get,
765     /// so we use it as a backup for everything.
766     bool gcdMIVtest(const SCEV *Src,
767                     const SCEV *Dst,
768                     FullDependence &Result) const;
769 
770     /// banerjeeMIVtest - Tests an MIV subscript pair for dependence.
771     /// Returns true if any possible dependence is disproved.
772     /// Marks the result as inconsistent.
773     /// Computes directions.
774     bool banerjeeMIVtest(const SCEV *Src,
775                          const SCEV *Dst,
776                          const SmallBitVector &Loops,
777                          FullDependence &Result) const;
778 
779     /// collectCoefficientInfo - Walks through the subscript,
780     /// collecting each coefficient, the associated loop bounds,
781     /// and recording its positive and negative parts for later use.
782     CoefficientInfo *collectCoeffInfo(const SCEV *Subscript,
783                                       bool SrcFlag,
784                                       const SCEV *&Constant) const;
785 
786     /// getPositivePart - X^+ = max(X, 0).
787     ///
788     const SCEV *getPositivePart(const SCEV *X) const;
789 
790     /// getNegativePart - X^- = min(X, 0).
791     ///
792     const SCEV *getNegativePart(const SCEV *X) const;
793 
794     /// getLowerBound - Looks through all the bounds info and
795     /// computes the lower bound given the current direction settings
796     /// at each level.
797     const SCEV *getLowerBound(BoundInfo *Bound) const;
798 
799     /// getUpperBound - Looks through all the bounds info and
800     /// computes the upper bound given the current direction settings
801     /// at each level.
802     const SCEV *getUpperBound(BoundInfo *Bound) const;
803 
804     /// exploreDirections - Hierarchically expands the direction vector
805     /// search space, combining the directions of discovered dependences
806     /// in the DirSet field of Bound. Returns the number of distinct
807     /// dependences discovered. If the dependence is disproved,
808     /// it will return 0.
809     unsigned exploreDirections(unsigned Level,
810                                CoefficientInfo *A,
811                                CoefficientInfo *B,
812                                BoundInfo *Bound,
813                                const SmallBitVector &Loops,
814                                unsigned &DepthExpanded,
815                                const SCEV *Delta) const;
816 
817     /// testBounds - Returns true iff the current bounds are plausible.
818     bool testBounds(unsigned char DirKind,
819                     unsigned Level,
820                     BoundInfo *Bound,
821                     const SCEV *Delta) const;
822 
823     /// findBoundsALL - Computes the upper and lower bounds for level K
824     /// using the * direction. Records them in Bound.
825     void findBoundsALL(CoefficientInfo *A,
826                        CoefficientInfo *B,
827                        BoundInfo *Bound,
828                        unsigned K) const;
829 
830     /// findBoundsLT - Computes the upper and lower bounds for level K
831     /// using the < direction. Records them in Bound.
832     void findBoundsLT(CoefficientInfo *A,
833                       CoefficientInfo *B,
834                       BoundInfo *Bound,
835                       unsigned K) const;
836 
837     /// findBoundsGT - Computes the upper and lower bounds for level K
838     /// using the > direction. Records them in Bound.
839     void findBoundsGT(CoefficientInfo *A,
840                       CoefficientInfo *B,
841                       BoundInfo *Bound,
842                       unsigned K) const;
843 
844     /// findBoundsEQ - Computes the upper and lower bounds for level K
845     /// using the = direction. Records them in Bound.
846     void findBoundsEQ(CoefficientInfo *A,
847                       CoefficientInfo *B,
848                       BoundInfo *Bound,
849                       unsigned K) const;
850 
851     /// intersectConstraints - Updates X with the intersection
852     /// of the Constraints X and Y. Returns true if X has changed.
853     bool intersectConstraints(Constraint *X,
854                               const Constraint *Y);
855 
856     /// propagate - Review the constraints, looking for opportunities
857     /// to simplify a subscript pair (Src and Dst).
858     /// Return true if some simplification occurs.
859     /// If the simplification isn't exact (that is, if it is conservative
860     /// in terms of dependence), set consistent to false.
861     bool propagate(const SCEV *&Src,
862                    const SCEV *&Dst,
863                    SmallBitVector &Loops,
864                    SmallVectorImpl<Constraint> &Constraints,
865                    bool &Consistent);
866 
867     /// propagateDistance - Attempt to propagate a distance
868     /// constraint into a subscript pair (Src and Dst).
869     /// Return true if some simplification occurs.
870     /// If the simplification isn't exact (that is, if it is conservative
871     /// in terms of dependence), set consistent to false.
872     bool propagateDistance(const SCEV *&Src,
873                            const SCEV *&Dst,
874                            Constraint &CurConstraint,
875                            bool &Consistent);
876 
877     /// propagatePoint - Attempt to propagate a point
878     /// constraint into a subscript pair (Src and Dst).
879     /// Return true if some simplification occurs.
880     bool propagatePoint(const SCEV *&Src,
881                         const SCEV *&Dst,
882                         Constraint &CurConstraint);
883 
884     /// propagateLine - Attempt to propagate a line
885     /// constraint into a subscript pair (Src and Dst).
886     /// Return true if some simplification occurs.
887     /// If the simplification isn't exact (that is, if it is conservative
888     /// in terms of dependence), set consistent to false.
889     bool propagateLine(const SCEV *&Src,
890                        const SCEV *&Dst,
891                        Constraint &CurConstraint,
892                        bool &Consistent);
893 
894     /// findCoefficient - Given a linear SCEV,
895     /// return the coefficient corresponding to specified loop.
896     /// If there isn't one, return the SCEV constant 0.
897     /// For example, given a*i + b*j + c*k, returning the coefficient
898     /// corresponding to the j loop would yield b.
899     const SCEV *findCoefficient(const SCEV *Expr,
900                                 const Loop *TargetLoop) const;
901 
902     /// zeroCoefficient - Given a linear SCEV,
903     /// return the SCEV given by zeroing out the coefficient
904     /// corresponding to the specified loop.
905     /// For example, given a*i + b*j + c*k, zeroing the coefficient
906     /// corresponding to the j loop would yield a*i + c*k.
907     const SCEV *zeroCoefficient(const SCEV *Expr,
908                                 const Loop *TargetLoop) const;
909 
910     /// addToCoefficient - Given a linear SCEV Expr,
911     /// return the SCEV given by adding some Value to the
912     /// coefficient corresponding to the specified TargetLoop.
913     /// For example, given a*i + b*j + c*k, adding 1 to the coefficient
914     /// corresponding to the j loop would yield a*i + (b+1)*j + c*k.
915     const SCEV *addToCoefficient(const SCEV *Expr,
916                                  const Loop *TargetLoop,
917                                  const SCEV *Value)  const;
918 
919     /// updateDirection - Update direction vector entry
920     /// based on the current constraint.
921     void updateDirection(Dependence::DVEntry &Level,
922                          const Constraint &CurConstraint) const;
923 
924     bool tryDelinearize(Instruction *Src, Instruction *Dst,
925                         SmallVectorImpl<Subscript> &Pair);
926   }; // class DependenceInfo
927 
928   /// AnalysisPass to compute dependence information in a function
929   class DependenceAnalysis : public AnalysisInfoMixin<DependenceAnalysis> {
930   public:
931     typedef DependenceInfo Result;
932     Result run(Function &F, FunctionAnalysisManager &FAM);
933 
934   private:
935     static AnalysisKey Key;
936     friend struct AnalysisInfoMixin<DependenceAnalysis>;
937   }; // class DependenceAnalysis
938 
939   /// Printer pass to dump DA results.
940   struct DependenceAnalysisPrinterPass
941       : public PassInfoMixin<DependenceAnalysisPrinterPass> {
942     DependenceAnalysisPrinterPass(raw_ostream &OS) : OS(OS) {}
943 
944     PreservedAnalyses run(Function &F, FunctionAnalysisManager &FAM);
945 
946   private:
947     raw_ostream &OS;
948   }; // class DependenceAnalysisPrinterPass
949 
950   /// Legacy pass manager pass to access dependence information
951   class DependenceAnalysisWrapperPass : public FunctionPass {
952   public:
953     static char ID; // Class identification, replacement for typeinfo
954     DependenceAnalysisWrapperPass() : FunctionPass(ID) {
955       initializeDependenceAnalysisWrapperPassPass(
956           *PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
957     }
958 
959     bool runOnFunction(Function &F) override;
960     void releaseMemory() override;
961     void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &) const override;
962     void print(raw_ostream &, const Module * = nullptr) const override;
963     DependenceInfo &getDI() const;
964 
965   private:
966     std::unique_ptr<DependenceInfo> info;
967   }; // class DependenceAnalysisWrapperPass
968 
969   /// createDependenceAnalysisPass - This creates an instance of the
970   /// DependenceAnalysis wrapper pass.
971   FunctionPass *createDependenceAnalysisWrapperPass();
972 
973 } // namespace llvm
974 
975 #endif
976