;; rewrites for integer and floating-point arithmetic
;; eg: `iadd`, `isub`, `ineg`, `imul`, `fadd`, `fsub`, `fmul`

;; For commutative instructions, we depend on cprop.isle pushing immediates to
;; the right, and thus only simplify patterns like `x+0`, not `0+x`.

;; x+0 == x.
(rule (simplify (iadd ty
                      x
                      (iconst_u ty 0)))
      (subsume x))
;; x-0 == x.
(rule (simplify (isub ty
                      x
                      (iconst_u ty 0)))
      (subsume x))
;; 0-x == (ineg x).
(rule (simplify (isub ty
                      (iconst_u ty 0)
                      x))
      (ineg ty x))

;; x + -y == -y + x == -(y - x) == x - y
(rule (simplify (iadd ty x (ineg ty y)))
      (isub ty x y))
(rule (simplify (iadd ty (ineg ty y) x))
      (isub ty x y))
(rule (simplify (ineg ty (isub ty y x)))
      (isub ty x y))
;; x - -y == x + y
(rule (simplify (isub ty x (ineg ty y)))
      (iadd ty x y))

;; ineg(ineg(x)) == x.
(rule (simplify (ineg ty (ineg ty x))) (subsume x))

;; ineg(x) * ineg(y) == x*y.
(rule (simplify (imul ty (ineg ty x) (ineg ty y)))
      (subsume (imul ty x y)))

;; iabs(ineg(x)) == iabs(x).
(rule (simplify (iabs ty (ineg ty x)))
      (iabs ty x))

;; iabs(iabs(x)) == iabs(x).
(rule (simplify (iabs ty inner @ (iabs ty x)))
      (subsume inner))

;; x-x == 0.
(rule (simplify (isub (ty_int ty) x x)) (subsume (iconst_u ty 0)))

;; x*1 == x.
(rule (simplify (imul ty
                      x
                      (iconst_u ty 1)))
      (subsume x))

;; x*0 == 0.
(rule (simplify (imul ty
                      _
                      zero @ (iconst_u ty 0)))
      (subsume zero))

;; x*-1 == ineg(x).
(rule (simplify (imul ty x (iconst_s ty -1)))
      (ineg ty x))

;; (!x) + 1 == ineg(x)
(rule (simplify (iadd ty (bnot ty x) (iconst_u ty 1)))
      (ineg ty x))

;; !(x - 1) == !(x + (-1)) == ineg(x)
(rule (simplify (bnot ty (isub ty x (iconst_s ty 1))))
      (ineg ty x))
(rule (simplify (bnot ty (iadd ty x (iconst_s ty -1))))
      (ineg ty x))

;; x / 1 == x.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (sdiv x (iconst_s ty 1))) x)
(rule (simplify_skeleton (udiv x (iconst_u ty 1))) x)

;; Unsigned `x / d == x >> ilog2(d)` when d is a power of two.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (udiv x (iconst_u ty (u64_extract_power_of_two d))))
      (ushr ty x (iconst_u ty (u64_ilog2 d))))

;; Signed `x / d` when d is a power of two is a bit more involved...
(rule (simplify_skeleton (sdiv x (iconst_u ty (u64_extract_power_of_two d))))
      (if-let true (u64_gt d 1))
      ;; This rule musn't fire for the most negative number - which looks like
      ;; a power of two (sign bit set and otherwise all zeros)
      (if-let true (u32_lt (u64_trailing_zeros d)
                           (u32_sub (ty_bits ty) 1)))
      (let ((k u32 (u64_trailing_zeros d))
            (t1 Value (sshr ty x (iconst_u ty (u32_sub k 1))))
            (t2 Value (ushr ty t1 (iconst_u ty (u32_sub (ty_bits ty) k))))
            (t3 Value (iadd ty x t2))
            (t4 Value (sshr ty t3 (iconst_s ty k))))
        t4))

;; And signed `x / d` when d is a negative power of two is the same, but with a
;; negation.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (sdiv x (iconst_s ty d)))
      (if-let true (i64_is_negative_power_of_two d))
      (if-let true (i64_ne d -1))
      (let ((k u32 (i64_trailing_zeros d))
            (t1 Value (sshr ty x (iconst_u ty (u32_sub k 1))))
            (t2 Value (ushr ty t1 (iconst_u ty (u32_sub (ty_bits ty) k))))
            (t3 Value (iadd ty x t2))
            (t4 Value (sshr ty t3 (iconst_s ty k)))
            (t5 Value (ineg ty t4)))
        t5))

;; General cases for `udiv` with constant divisors.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (udiv x (iconst_u $I32 (u64_extract_non_zero (u32_from_u64 d)))))
      (if-let false (u32_is_power_of_two d))
      (apply_div_const_magic_u32 (Opcode.Udiv) x d))
(rule (simplify_skeleton (udiv x (iconst_u $I64 (u64_extract_non_zero d))))
      (if-let false (u64_is_power_of_two d))
      (apply_div_const_magic_u64 (Opcode.Udiv) x d))

;; General cases for `sdiv` with constant divisors.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (sdiv x (iconst_s $I32 (i64_extract_non_zero (i32_from_i64 d)))))
      (if-let false (i64_is_any_sign_power_of_two d))
      (apply_div_const_magic_s32 (Opcode.Sdiv) x d))
(rule (simplify_skeleton (sdiv x (iconst_s $I64 (i64_extract_non_zero d))))
      (if-let false (i64_is_any_sign_power_of_two d))
      (apply_div_const_magic_s64 (Opcode.Sdiv) x d))

;; x % 1 == 0
(rule (simplify_skeleton (urem x (iconst_u ty 1))) (iconst_u ty 0))
(rule (simplify_skeleton (srem x (iconst_u ty 1))) (iconst_u ty 0))
(rule (simplify_skeleton (srem x (iconst_s ty -1))) (iconst_u ty 0))

;; Unsigned `x % d == x & ((1 << ilog2(d)) - 1)` when `d` is a power of two.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (urem x (iconst_u ty (u64_extract_power_of_two d))))
      (if-let true (u64_gt d 1))
      (let ((mask Value (iconst_u ty (u64_sub (u64_shl 1 (u64_ilog2 d)) 1))))
        (band ty x mask)))

;; Signed `x % d` when `d` is a (possibly negative) power of two is a little
;; more complicated.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (srem x d_val @ (iconst_s ty d)))
      ;; Interestingly, this same sequence works for both positive and negative
      ;; powers of two.
      (if-let true (i64_is_any_sign_power_of_two d))
      (if-let true (i64_ne d 1))
      (if-let true (i64_ne d -1))
      (let ((k u32 (i64_trailing_zeros d))
            (t1 Value (sshr ty x (iconst_u ty (u32_sub k 1))))
            (t2 Value (ushr ty t1 (iconst_u ty (u32_sub (ty_bits ty) k))))
            (t3 Value (iadd ty x t2))
            (t4 Value (band ty t3 (iconst_s ty (i64_wrapping_neg (i64_shl 1 k)))))
            (t5 Value (isub ty x t4)))
        t5))

;; General cases for `urem` with constant divisors.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (urem x (iconst_u $I32 (u64_extract_non_zero (u32_from_u64 d)))))
      (if-let false (u32_is_power_of_two d))
      (apply_div_const_magic_u32 (Opcode.Urem) x d))
(rule (simplify_skeleton (urem x (iconst_u $I64 (u64_extract_non_zero d))))
      (if-let false (u64_is_power_of_two d))
      (apply_div_const_magic_u64 (Opcode.Urem) x d))

;; General cases for `srem` with constant divisors.
(rule (simplify_skeleton (srem x (iconst_s $I32 (i64_extract_non_zero (i32_from_i64 d)))))
      (if-let false (i64_is_any_sign_power_of_two d))
      (apply_div_const_magic_s32 (Opcode.Srem) x d))
(rule (simplify_skeleton (srem x (iconst_s $I64 (i64_extract_non_zero d))))
      (if-let false (i64_is_any_sign_power_of_two d))
      (apply_div_const_magic_s64 (Opcode.Srem) x d))

;; x*2 == x+x.
(rule (simplify (imul ty x (iconst_u _ 2)))
      (iadd ty x x))

;; x*c == x<<log2(c) when c is a power of two.
;;
;; Note that the type of `iconst` must be the same as the type of `imul`,
;; so these rules can only fire in situations where it's safe to construct an
;; `iconst` of that type.
(rule (simplify (imul ty x (iconst _ (imm64_power_of_two c))))
      (ishl ty x (iconst ty (imm64 c))))
(rule (simplify (imul ty (iconst _ (imm64_power_of_two c)) x))
      (ishl ty x (iconst ty (imm64 c))))

;; fneg(fneg(x)) == x.
(rule (simplify (fneg ty (fneg ty x))) (subsume x))

;; If both of the multiplied arguments to an `fma` are negated then remove
;; both of them since they cancel out.
(rule (simplify (fma ty (fneg ty x) (fneg ty y) z))
      (fma ty x y z))

;; If both of the multiplied arguments to an `fmul` are negated then remove
;; both of them since they cancel out.
(rule (simplify (fmul ty (fneg ty x) (fneg ty y)))
      (fmul ty x y))

;; Detect people open-coding `mulhi`: (x as big * y as big) >> bits
;; LLVM doesn't have an intrinsic for it, so you'll see it in code like
;; <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/767453eb7ca188e991ac5568c17b984dd4893e77/library/core/src/num/mod.rs#L174-L180>
(rule (simplify (sshr ty (imul ty (sextend _ x@(value_type half_ty))
                                  (sextend _ y@(value_type half_ty)))
                         (iconst_u _ k)))
      (if-let true (ty_equal half_ty (ty_half_width ty)))
      (if-let true (u64_eq k (ty_bits_u64 half_ty)))
      (sextend ty (smulhi half_ty x y)))
(rule (simplify (ushr ty (imul ty (uextend _ x@(value_type half_ty))
                                  (uextend _ y@(value_type half_ty)))
                         (iconst_u _ k)))
      (if-let true (ty_equal half_ty (ty_half_width ty)))
      (if-let true (u64_eq k (ty_bits_u64 half_ty)))
      (uextend ty (umulhi half_ty x y)))

;; Cranelift's `fcvt_from_{u,s}int` instructions are polymorphic over the input
;; type so remove any unnecessary `uextend` or `sextend` to give backends
;; the chance to convert from the smallest integral type to the float. This
;; can help lowerings on x64 for example which has a less efficient u64-to-float
;; conversion than other bit widths.
(rule (simplify (fcvt_from_uint ty (uextend _ val)))
      (fcvt_from_uint ty val))
(rule (simplify (fcvt_from_sint ty (sextend _ val)))
      (fcvt_from_sint ty val))


;; or(x, C) + (-C)  -->  and(x, ~C)
(rule
  (simplify (iadd ty
              (bor ty x (iconst_s ty n))
              (iconst_s ty m)))
  (if-let m (i64_checked_neg n))
  (band ty x (iconst ty (imm64_masked ty (i64_cast_unsigned (i64_not n))))))

;; (x + y) - (x | y) --> x & y
(rule (simplify (isub ty (iadd ty x y) (bor ty x y))) (band ty x y))

;; x * (1 << y) == x << y
(rule (simplify (imul ty x (ishl ty (iconst_s ty 1) y))) (ishl ty x y))

;; (x - y) + x --> x
(rule (simplify (iadd ty (isub ty x y) y)) x)
(rule (simplify (iadd ty y (isub ty x y))) x)

;; (x + y) - y --> x
(rule (simplify (isub ty (iadd ty x y) x)) y)
(rule (simplify (isub ty (iadd ty x y) y)) x)

;; (x - y) - x => -y
(rule (simplify (isub ty (isub ty x y) x))(ineg ty y))

;; (x * C) (==/!=) D --> x (==/!=) (D / C) when C is odd and divides D
(rule
  (simplify (ne ty (iconst_u ty1 x) (imul ty1 y (iconst_u ty1 z))))
  (if-let 0 (u64_checked_rem x z))
  (if-let 1 (u64_rem z 2))
  (ne ty y (iconst ty1 (imm64 (u64_div x z)))))
(rule
  (simplify (ne ty (iconst_u ty1 x) (imul ty1 (iconst_u ty1 y) z)))
  (if-let 0 (u64_checked_rem x y))
  (if-let 1 (u64_rem y 2))
  (ne ty z (iconst ty1 (imm64 (u64_div x y)))))
(rule
  (simplify (ne ty (imul ty1 x (iconst_u ty1 y)) (iconst_u ty1 z)))
  (if-let 0 (u64_checked_rem z y))
  (if-let 1 (u64_rem y 2))
  (ne ty x (iconst ty1 (imm64 (u64_div z y)))))
(rule
  (simplify (ne ty (imul ty1 (iconst_u ty1 x) y) (iconst_u ty1 z)))
  (if-let 0 (u64_checked_rem z x))
  (if-let 1 (u64_rem x 2))
  (ne ty y (iconst ty1 (imm64 (u64_div z x)))))


(rule
  (simplify (eq ty (iconst_u ty1 x) (imul ty1 y (iconst_u ty1 z))))
  (if-let 0 (u64_checked_rem x z))
  (if-let 1 (u64_rem z 2))
  (eq ty y (iconst ty1 (imm64 (u64_div x z)))))
(rule
  (simplify (eq ty (iconst_u ty1 x) (imul ty1 (iconst_u ty1 y) z)))
  (if-let 0 (u64_checked_rem x y))
  (if-let 1 (u64_rem y 2))
  (eq ty z (iconst ty1 (imm64 (u64_div x y)))))
(rule
  (simplify (eq ty (imul ty1 x (iconst_u ty1 y)) (iconst_u ty1 z)))
  (if-let 0 (u64_checked_rem z y))
  (if-let 1 (u64_rem y 2))
  (eq ty x (iconst ty1 (imm64 (u64_div z y)))))
(rule
  (simplify (eq ty (imul ty1 (iconst_u ty1 x) y) (iconst_u ty1 z)))
  (if-let 0 (u64_checked_rem z x))
  (if-let 1 (u64_rem x 2))
  (eq ty y (iconst ty1 (imm64 (u64_div z x)))))