#ifdef NEWEV

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Please see 4 Jul. 2015 meeting slides for conceptual explanation.
 * 'Subtree' has special meaning and its 'ID' is very important concept for
 * understanding this code.
 *
 * Please contact Donghwi Kim for further questions,
 * via e-mail: dhkim09a@gmail.com
 */
#include "debug.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <tree.h>
#include <key_value_store.h>
#include "scalable_event.h"

#include "mtcp.h"
#include "mos_api.h"
#include "mtcp_api.h"

#define NEWHASH
#ifdef NEWHASH
#include "mtcp_util.h"
#define XXHSEED 18446744073709551557ULL
#endif
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define POWER_OF_TWO(x) (!((x - 1) & (x)))

#define MAX_EVENTS  30240
#define KVS_BUCKETS 1024
#define KVS_ENTRIES 102400
#define MAX_DEPTH   MAX_EVENTS
#define NEWID(id, ev, cb) (id ^ hash64(ev, cb))
#define IS_UDE(e) ((e)->ev >= (1 << NUM_BEV))
#define IS_FLOATING_EVENT(e) (!(e)->ft && IS_UDE(e))

struct _tree_node_t *g_evroot;
event_t g_evid;

static __thread stree_t *g_cur_stree = NULL;
static __thread tree_node_t *g_cur_ev = NULL;

static __thread struct {
	struct _tree_node_t *stack[MAX_EVENTS];
	struct _tree_node_t **sp;
} g_evstack;

#define free(x) do {				\
		assert(x);			\
		free(x);			\
	} while (0)

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
struct devent {
	event_t ev;            /* event id = key */
	tree_node_t *ptr;      /* ptr to the event node in the d-forest = value */
	struct devent *next;   /* next pointer */
};
#define MAX_BUCKET 2048
#define HASHVAL(x) ((x) & (MAX_BUCKET-1))
struct devent* g_dfTable[MAX_BUCKET] = {0};  /* d-forest hash table */
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* simple hash table implementation */
static bool 
dforest_store(event_t ev, tree_node_t* ptr)
{
	struct devent *de, *p;
	int idx;
	
	if ((de = malloc(sizeof(*de))) == NULL) {
		assert(0); /* should not happen! */
		return false;
	}
	de->ev = ev;
	de->ptr = ptr;
	de->next = NULL;
	
	idx = HASHVAL(ev);
	if (g_dfTable[idx] == NULL) {
		g_dfTable[idx] = de;
	}
	else  {
		p = g_dfTable[idx];
		while (p->next) 
			p = p->next;
		p->next = de;
	}
	return true;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static tree_node_t *
dforest_search(event_t ev) 
{
	int idx;
	struct devent *p;
	
	idx = HASHVAL(ev);
	if (g_dfTable[idx] == NULL) 
		return NULL;
	
	for (p = g_dfTable[idx];
	     p != NULL;
	     p = p->next) {
		if (p->ev == ev)
			return p->ptr;
	}
	return NULL;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Create a new tree node
 * @return the new tree node
 * */
inline tree_node_t *
tree_node_new()
{
	return calloc(1, sizeof(tree_node_t));
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Delete a tree node */
inline void
tree_node_del(tree_node_t *node)
{
	free(node);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Delete a tree node and all of its descendants
 * @param [in] node: target node
 * */
inline void
tree_del_recursive(tree_node_t *node)
{
	struct _tree_node_t *walk = NULL, *del = NULL;
	TREE_SCRATCH(_tree_node_t, MAX_DEPTH) stack;

	TREE_DFS_FOREACH(walk, node, &stack, link) {
		if (del)
			tree_node_del(del);
		del = walk;
	}
	if (del)
		tree_node_del(del);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Search a tree node by event ID
 * @param [in] root: root node
 * @param [in] ev: event ID
 * @return target node
 *
 * The search is in DFS mannar
 * */
inline tree_node_t *
tree_search(tree_node_t *root, event_t ev)
{
	struct _tree_node_t *walk = NULL;
	TREE_SCRATCH(_tree_node_t, MAX_DEPTH) stack;

	TREE_DFS_FOREACH(walk, root, &stack, link)
		if (walk->ev == ev) {
			return walk;
		}
	return NULL;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Create a new subtree
 * @param [in] id: subtree ID
 * @param [in] root: root of the subtree
 * @return new subtree
 *
 * Allocate and initialize subtree structure, stree_t:
 *   1. Allocate the structure.
 *   2. Initialize reference counter and fill ID field.
 *   3. Set 'root' pointer which points the root node of a tree.
 *      The tree should contain all required tree nodes.
 *   4. Set built-in event tree node pointers.
 * */
inline stree_t *
stree_create(uint64_t id, tree_node_t *root)
{
	tree_node_t *bev;
	stree_t *nstree = malloc(sizeof(stree_t));
	if (!nstree)
		return NULL;

	nstree->ref_cnt = 0;
	nstree->id = id;
	nstree->root = root;
	memset(nstree->bevs, 0, sizeof(nstree->bevs));

	for (bev = TREE_FIRSTBORN(root, link); bev; bev = TREE_YOUNGER(bev, link)) {
		int idx = 0;
		while (bev->ev >> (idx + 1))
			idx++;
		nstree->bevs[idx] = bev;
	}

	return nstree;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Destroy the subtree
 * @param [in] stree: the target subtree */
inline void
stree_destroy(kvs_t *store, stree_t *stree)
{
	tree_del_recursive(stree->root);
	free(stree);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Increase reference counter of the subtree
 * @param [in] stree: the target subtree */
inline void
stree_inc_ref(stree_t *stree)
{
	stree->ref_cnt++;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Decrease reference counter of the subtree, and remove it from the key-
 * value-store if needed
 * @param [in] store: the key-value-store
 * @param [in] stree: the target subtree 
 *
 * In addition to decreasing the reference counter, remove the subtree from 
 * key-value-store if decreased reference counter is zero.
 * */
inline void
stree_dec_ref(kvs_t *store, stree_t *stree)
{
	if (stree && !--stree->ref_cnt) {
	  	kvs_remove(store, stree->id);
		stree_destroy(store, stree);
	}
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Hash the event ID and callback pair
 * @param [in] ev: the event ID
 * @param [in] cb: the callback function pointer
 * @return hash value
 *
 * TODO: Replace 32-bit Jenkins hash with better one.
 * */
inline static uint64_t
hash64(event_t ev, callback_t cb)
{
#ifdef NEWHASH
	struct {
		event_t ev;
		callback_t cb;
	} instance;

	instance.ev = ev;
	instance.cb = cb;

	return XXH64(&instance, sizeof(event_t) + sizeof(callback_t), XXHSEED);
#else
	uint64_t hash = 0;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(ev); ++i) {
		hash += ((uint8_t *)&ev)[i];
		hash += (hash << 10);
		hash ^= (hash >> 6);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(cb); ++i) {
		hash += ((uint8_t *)&cb)[i];
		hash += (hash << 10);
		hash ^= (hash >> 6);
	}
	hash += (hash << 3);
	hash ^= (hash >> 11);
	hash += (hash << 15);

	return hash;
#endif
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a new tree that consists of a tree node (w) with a new
 * callback and take a snapshot of the subtree from w all the way up to
 * the root node by traversing the ancestors of w.
*/
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static tree_node_t*
create_spine(tree_node_t* w, callback_t cb)
{
	tree_node_t *ntn, *ntree = NULL;
	
	if ((ntn = tree_node_new()) == NULL) 
		return NULL;
	
	/* the leaf event node with callback function */
	ntn->ft  = w->ft;
	ntn->cb  = cb;
	ntn->ev  = w->ev;
	ntn->arg = w->arg;
	ntree = ntn;          /* we start from the leaf */
	
	do {
		if (!(ntn = tree_node_new())) {
			if (ntree)
				tree_del_recursive(ntree);
			return NULL;
		}
		ntn->ft = w->ft;
		ntn->ev = w->ev;
		ntn->arg = w->arg;
		
		TREE_INSERT_CHILD(ntn, ntree, link);
		if (!IS_FLOATING_EVENT(ntree))
			TREE_INSERT_CHILD(ntn, ntree, invk);
		
		/* ntn becomes the new tree */
		ntree = ntn;
	} while ((w = TREE_PARENT(w, link)));
	
	return ntree;
}
#if 0
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static stree_t * 
clone_stree(stree_t * stree)
{
	stree_t *newstree, *walk;
	tree_node_t *newtree;
	TREE_SCRATCH(_tree_node_t, MAX_DEPTH) stack;
	struct _tree_node_t *walk = NULL, *del = NULL;
	
	/* clone the tree */
	TREE_DFS_FOREACH(walk, stree->root, &stack, link) {
		new_tree_node_new()
			if (del)
				tree_node_del(del);
		del = walk;
	}
	if (del)
		tree_node_del(del);
	
	
	TREE_DFS_FOREACH(w, stree->root, &stack, link) {
		tree_node_t *ntn, *ptn = NULL;
	}
}
#endif
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Register a callback
 * @param [in] store: the key-value-store for subtrees
 * @param [in, out] pstree: the target subtree pointer
 * @param [in] ev: the target event
 * @param [in] cb: the callback to be registered
 * @return 0 for success, -1 for failure
 *
 * For callback registeration, there can be some cases.
 *   1. A new tree what we want is already there, so we can use it by simply
 *      updating reference counters.
 *   2. A new tree what we want is not there, so we are going to create a
 *      new subtree. The new subtree will not only have new callback, but also
 *      inherit previous subtree.
 *      2.1. The reference counter of previous subtree is 1, so we can avoid
 *           new tree allocation by reusing tree nodes of previous subtree.
 *      2.2. The reference counter of previous subtree is not 1, so we should
 *           copy previous subtree's tree nodes.
 *   3. Previously, there was no subtree (in other words, this is the first
 *      callback registeration) so we are going to make a new subtree which
 *      has only one callback
 * */
inline int
RegCb(kvs_t *store, stree_t **pstree, event_t ev, callback_t cb)
{
#ifdef DBGMSG
	__PREPARE_DBGLOGGING();
#endif
	TRACE_DBG("/>>>>>> start <<<<<<\\\n");
	stree_t *stree, *nstree;
	TREE_SCRATCH(_tree_node_t, MAX_DEPTH) stack;
	tree_node_t *w, *w2, *ntree;
	uint64_t id = 0, nid;

	if ((stree = *pstree)) {
		/* XXX: tree_search() is heavy operation, but it is used for only error
		 * checking. Is there any way to avoid this?
		 * --> We can have a key-value-store for this, but is it too much? */
#if 0
		if (tree_search(stree->root, ev))
			/* Illegal trial of overwriting a previously registerd callback */
			return -1;
#endif

		id = stree->id;
	}

	/* calculate new subtree ID */
	nid = NEWID(id, ev, cb);

	TRACE_DBG("nid: 0x%lX, id: 0x%lx, ev: %ld, cb: %p\n", nid, id, ev, cb);

	if ((nstree = kvs_search(store, nid))) {  /* case 1. */
		TRACE_DBG("Case 1\n");
		/* update reference counters */
		if (stree)
			stree_dec_ref(store, stree);

		nstree->ref_cnt++;
		*pstree = nstree;
#if 0
		fprintf(stderr, "sizeof(tcp_stream)=%ld sizeof(tcp_send_vars)=%ld"
			"sizeof(tcp_recv_vars)=%ld\n",
			sizeof(tcp_stream), 
			sizeof(struct tcp_send_vars), sizeof(struct tcp_recv_vars));
#endif
		return 0;
	}
	
	/* find the event node with ev and take a snapshot of the ancestors */
	w = dforest_search(ev);
	//	w = tree_search(g_evroot, ev);
	assert(w);
	if ((ntree = create_spine(w, cb)) == NULL)
		return (-1);
	
	if (stree) {  /* case 2. */
		TRACE_DBG("Case 2\n");
		tree_node_t *sptr;
		
		/* attach flesh: Inherit previous subtree */
		sptr = ntree;
		
#if 0
		/* new code */
		if (stree->ref_cnt > 1) {
			/* take a snapshot of the entire forest */
			curf = clone_tree(stree);
			curf->root->ref_cnt = 1;
			stree->ref_cnt--;
		} else {
			assert(stree->ref_cnt == 1);
			curf = stree;
			/* remove the current id from hash table */
			kvs_remove(store, stree->id);
		}
		
		/* merge sptr into curf->root (existing tree) */
#endif
		
		if (stree->ref_cnt == 1) {
			/* case 2.1. */
			TRACE_DBG("Case 2.1\n");
			w = stree->root;
			while (w) {
				tree_node_t *next_walk = NULL, *next_walk2 = NULL,
					*next_sptr = TREE_FIRSTBORN(sptr, link);
				
				for (w2 = TREE_FIRSTBORN(w, link);
				     w2 != NULL;
				     w2 = next_walk2) {
					next_walk2 = TREE_YOUNGER(w2, link);
					if (sptr && w2->ev == next_sptr->ev) {
						assert(next_walk == NULL);
						next_walk = w2;
						if (next_sptr->cb != next_walk->cb)
							next_sptr->cb = next_walk->cb;
					} 
					else {
						TREE_DETACH(w2, link);
						if (!IS_FLOATING_EVENT(w2))
							TREE_DETACH(w2, invk);
						if (next_walk) {
							TREE_INSERT_CHILD(sptr, w2, link);
							if (!IS_FLOATING_EVENT(w2))
								TREE_INSERT_CHILD(sptr, w2, invk);
						} else {
							tree_node_t *f = TREE_FIRSTBORN(sptr, link);
							TREE_INSERT_OLDER(f, w2, link);
							if (!IS_FLOATING_EVENT(w2)) {
								if ((f = TREE_FIRSTBORN(sptr, invk)))
									TREE_INSERT_OLDER(f, w2, invk);
								else
									TREE_INSERT_CHILD(sptr, w2, invk);
							}
						}
					}
				}
				w = next_walk;
				sptr = next_sptr;
				next_walk = NULL;
			}
		} else { // stree->ref_count != 1
			/* case 2.2. */
			TRACE_DBG("Case 2.2\n");
			TREE_DFS_FOREACH(w, stree->root, &stack, link) {
				tree_node_t *ntn, *ptn = NULL;
				
				if (sptr && w->ev == sptr->ev) {
					if (w->cb != sptr->cb)
						sptr->cb = w->cb;
					sptr = TREE_FIRSTBORN(sptr, link);
					continue;
				}
				
				if (!(ntn = tree_node_new())) {
					if (ntree)
						tree_del_recursive(ntree);
					return -1;
				}
				ntn->ft  = w->ft;
				ntn->cb  = w->cb;
				ntn->ev  = w->ev;
				ntn->arg = w->arg;
				
				if (TREE_PARENT(w, link)) {
					ptn = tree_search(ntree, TREE_PARENT(w, link)->ev);
					assert(ptn);
					TREE_INSERT_CHILD(ptn, ntn, link);
					if (!IS_FLOATING_EVENT(ntn))
						TREE_INSERT_CHILD(ptn, ntn, invk);
				} else {
					if (ntree)
						tree_del_recursive(ntree);
					free(ntn);
					TRACE_ERROR("Can't find parent\n");
					assert(0);
					exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
				}
			}
		}
	} 
	
	/* case 3 if (stree == NULL) */
	nstree = stree_create(nid, ntree);
	if (nstree == NULL) {
		TRACE_ERROR("Failed to create stree!\n");
		assert(nstree);
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	nstree->ref_cnt = 1;
	kvs_insert(store, nid, nstree);
	/* update reference counters */
	if (stree)
		stree_dec_ref(store, stree);
	*pstree = nstree;
	
	TRACE_DBG("\\>>>>>>  end  <<<<<</\n");
	return 0;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** Unregister a callback
 * @param [in] store: the key-value-store for subtrees
 * @param [in, out] pstree: the target subtree pointer
 * @param [in] ev: the target event
 * @return 0 for success, -1 for failure
 *
 * For callback unregisteration, there can be some cases.
 *   1. No registered callback will be left after this unregistration.
 *   2. A new tree what we want is already there, so we can use it by simply
 *      updating reference counters.
 *   3. A new tree what we want is not there, so we create a new subtree by
 *      copying a part of previous subtree
 * */
inline int
UnregCb(kvs_t *store, stree_t **pstree, event_t ev)
{
#ifdef DBGMSG
	__PREPARE_DBGLOGGING();
#endif
	TRACE_DBG("/>>>>>> start <<<<<<\\\n");
	stree_t *stree, *nstree;
	TREE_SCRATCH(_tree_node_t, MAX_DEPTH) stack;
	tree_node_t *w, *target;
	uint64_t id = 0, nid;
	callback_t cb;
	
	if (!(stree = *pstree) || !(target = tree_search(stree->root, ev)) ||
	    !(cb = target->cb))
		/* Illegal trial of unregistering a callback which is never registered
		 * before. */
		return -1;
	
	id = stree->id;
	
	/* Calculate new subtree ID */
	nid = NEWID(id, ev, cb);
	
	TRACE_DBG("nid: 0x%lX, id: 0x%lx, ev: %ld, cb: %p\n",
		  nid, id, ev, cb);
	
	if (nid == 0) {
		/* case 1. */
		TRACE_DBG("Case 1\n");
		/* update reference counters */
		if (stree)
			stree_dec_ref(store, stree);

		*pstree = NULL;
	} else if ((nstree = kvs_search(store, nid))) {
		/* case 2. */
		TRACE_DBG("Case 2\n");
		/* update reference counters */
		if (stree)
			stree_dec_ref(store, stree);
		
		nstree->ref_cnt++;
		*pstree = nstree;
	} else if (stree) {
		/* case 3. */
		TRACE_DBG("Case 3\n");
		bool proceed;
		tree_node_t *ntree = NULL, *sptr;
		
		sptr = TREE_PARENT(target, link);
#define TREE_IS_ONLY_CHILD(root, x, field) \
		(TREE_PARENT((x), field) ?			   \
		 TREE_PARENT((x), field)->field.tn_first == (x) && \
		 TREE_PARENT((x), field)->field.tn_last == (x) :   \
		 (x) == (root) && (x)->field.tn_younger == NULL)
		while (sptr && !sptr->cb && TREE_IS_ONLY_CHILD(stree->root, sptr, link))
			sptr = TREE_PARENT(sptr, link);
		
		assert(sptr);
		/* 'sptr == NULL' means the tree will lose the only callback.
		 * This case should be handled by 'Case 1' */
		
		TREE_DFS_FOREACH_SELECTIVE(w, stree->root, &stack, link, proceed) {
			tree_node_t *ntn, *ptn;
			
			if (w == sptr)
				proceed = false;
			
			if (!(ntn = tree_node_new())) {
				/* free incomplete ntree */
				if (ntree)
					tree_del_recursive(ntree);
				return -1;
			}
			ntn->ft = w->ft;
			ntn->cb = w->cb;
			ntn->ev = w->ev;
			ntn->arg = w->arg;
			
			if (TREE_PARENT(w, link)) {
				assert(ntree);
				ptn = tree_search(ntree, TREE_PARENT(w, link)->ev);
				
				assert(ptn);
				
				TREE_INSERT_CHILD(ptn, ntn, link);
				if (!IS_FLOATING_EVENT(ntn))
					TREE_INSERT_CHILD(ptn, ntn, invk);
			} else
				/* this is the root node */
				ntree = ntn;
		}
		
		nstree = stree_create(nid, ntree);
		if (nstree == NULL) {
			TRACE_ERROR("Failed to create stree!\n");
			assert(nstree);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		
		nstree->ref_cnt = 1;
		
		kvs_insert(store, nid, nstree);
		
		/* update reference counters */
		stree_dec_ref(store, stree);
		
		*pstree = nstree;
	} else /* if (!stree) */
		return -1;
	
	TRACE_DBG("\\>>>>>>  end  <<<<<</\n");
	return 0;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
inline int
ModCb(kvs_t *store, stree_t **pstree, event_t ev, callback_t cb)
{
	assert(*pstree || cb);
	
	/* Event ID starts from 1 */
	if (ev == 0)
		return -1;
	
	if (cb)
		return RegCb(store, pstree, ev, cb);
	else
		return UnregCb(store, pstree, ev);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
GlobInitEvent(void)
{
	int i;
	
	if (!(g_evroot = tree_node_new())) {
		perror("FATAL: Failed to allocate essentials for the system\n");
		exit(0);
	}
	g_evroot->ev = 0;
	g_evroot->ft = NULL;
	g_evroot->cb = NULL;
	TREE_INIT_NODE(g_evroot, link);
	TREE_INIT_NODE(g_evroot, invk);
	/* add it to the dforest hash table */
	dforest_store(g_evroot->ev, g_evroot);
	for (i = 0; i < NUM_BEV; i++) {
		tree_node_t *ntn;
		if (!(ntn = tree_node_new())) {
			perror("FATAL: Failed to allocate essentials for the system\n");
			exit(0);
		}
		ntn->ev = 1 << i;
		ntn->ft = NULL;
		ntn->cb = NULL;
		TREE_INIT_NODE(ntn, link);
		TREE_INIT_NODE(ntn, invk);
		TREE_INSERT_CHILD(g_evroot, ntn, link);
		TREE_INSERT_CHILD(g_evroot, ntn, invk);
		/* add it to the dforest hash table */
		dforest_store(ntn->ev, ntn);
	}
	g_evid = 1 <<  NUM_BEV;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
InitEvent(mtcp_manager_t mtcp)
{
	mtcp->ev_store = kvs_create(KVS_BUCKETS, KVS_ENTRIES);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
event_t
mtcp_alloc_event(event_t event)
{
	tree_node_t *parent, *new;

	if (!(parent = dforest_search(event)))
	//	if (!(parent = tree_search(g_evroot, event)))
		return MOS_NULL_EVENT;

	if ((new = tree_node_new()) == NULL)
		return MOS_NULL_EVENT;

	new->ev = g_evid++;
	new->ft = NULL;
	new->cb = NULL;
	new->arg.arg = NULL;
	new->arg.len = 0;

	TREE_INIT_NODE(new, link);
	TREE_INIT_NODE(new, invk);

	TREE_INSERT_CHILD(parent, new, link);

	return new->ev;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
event_t
mtcp_define_event(event_t event, filter_t filter, struct filter_arg *arg)
{
#ifdef DBGMSG
	__PREPARE_DBGLOGGING();
#endif
	tree_node_t *parent, *new, *walk;
	
	/* FIX - TODO. This code needs to have proper locking since this
	   deals with global variables that are shared across multiple
	   threads 
	*/
	
	if (!filter)
		return MOS_NULL_EVENT;
	if (arg && arg->len > 0 && !arg->arg)
		return MOS_NULL_EVENT;
	if (!(parent = dforest_search(event)))
	//	if (!(parent = tree_search(g_evroot, event)))
		return MOS_NULL_EVENT;
	for (walk = TREE_FIRSTBORN(parent, link);
	     walk;
	     walk = TREE_YOUNGER(walk, link))
		if ((walk->ft == filter) &&
		    ((walk->arg.arg == NULL && (!arg || !arg->arg || arg->len <= 0)) ||
		     (walk->arg.len == arg->len &&
		      memcmp(walk->arg.arg, arg->arg, arg->len) == 0)))
			return walk->ev;
	
	if ((new = tree_node_new()) == NULL)  {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return MOS_NULL_EVENT;
	}
	new->ev = g_evid++;
	new->ft = filter;
	
	/* add it to the dforest hash table */
	dforest_store(new->ev, new);
	
	if (arg && arg->arg && arg->len > 0) {
		new->arg.arg = malloc(arg->len);
		if (new->arg.arg == NULL) {
			errno = ENOMEM;
			g_evid--;
			free(new);
			return MOS_NULL_EVENT;
		}
		memcpy(new->arg.arg, arg->arg, arg->len);
		new->arg.len = arg->len;
	}
	
	TRACE_DBG("parent: %ld\n", parent->ev);
	TREE_INSERT_CHILD(parent, new, link);
	TREE_INSERT_CHILD(parent, new, invk);
	
	return new->ev;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define EVENT_STACK_PUSH(s, var)					\
	(assert(&(s)->stack[sizeof((s)->stack) / sizeof(void *)] > (s)->sp), \
	 *(++((s)->sp)) = (var))
#define EVENT_STACK_POP(s)			\
	(*(((s)->sp)--))
#define EVENT_STACK_CLR(s)				\
	((s)->stack[0] = NULL, (s)->sp = (s)->stack)

inline int
RaiseEv(kvs_t *store, event_t event)
{
	tree_node_t *ev = NULL;
#if 1
	struct {
		event_t ev;
		uint64_t sid;
	} instance;

	instance.ev = event;
	instance.sid = g_cur_stree->id;

	_key_t key = XXH64(&instance, sizeof(instance), XXHSEED);
	ev = (tree_node_t *)kvs_search(store, key);
#else
	tree_node_t *walk;
	for (walk = TREE_FIRSTBORN(g_cur_ev, link);
	     walk;
		 walk = TREE_YOUNGER(walk, link)) {
		if (walk->ev == event && IS_FLOATING_EVENT(walk)) {
			ev = walk;
			break;
		}
	}
#endif
	
	if (!ev)
		return -1;
	
	if (!ev->is_in_raiseq) {
		ev->is_in_raiseq = true;
		EVENT_STACK_PUSH(&g_evstack, ev);
	}
	
	return 0;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
mtcp_raise_event(mctx_t mctx, event_t event)
{
	mtcp_manager_t mtcp = GetMTCPManager(mctx);
	if (!mtcp)
		return -1;
	
	return RaiseEv(mtcp->ev_store, event);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define PRINT_EV(event, field)						\
	printf("[%s](node: %p) ev: %ld, older: %ld, younger: %ld, child: %ld, " \
	       "last: %ld, parent: %ld, ft: %p, cb: %p\n",		\
	       #field, (event), (event)->ev,				\
	       (event)->field.tn_older   ? (event)->field.tn_older->ev   : -1, \
	       (event)->field.tn_younger ? (event)->field.tn_younger->ev : -1, \
	       (event)->field.tn_first   ? (event)->field.tn_first->ev   : -1, \
	       (event)->field.tn_last    ? (event)->field.tn_last->ev    : -1, \
	       (event)->field.tn_parent  ? (event)->field.tn_parent->ev  : -1, \
	       (event)->ft, (event)->cb)
inline void
HandleCb(mctx_t const mctx, int sock, int side,
	 stree_t * const stree, event_t events)
{
	int i;
	bool proceed;
	tree_node_t *walk, *bev, *ev;
	TREE_SCRATCH(_tree_node_t, MAX_DEPTH) queue;
	assert(stree);
	
	g_cur_stree = stree;
	
	for (i = 0; i < NUM_BEV; i++) {
		if (!((1L << i) & events))
			continue;
		
		if (!(bev = stree->bevs[i]))
			continue;

		EVENT_STACK_CLR(&g_evstack);
		tree_node_t **ptr = g_evstack.sp;
		TREE_DFS_FOREACH_SELECTIVE(walk, bev, &queue, invk, proceed) {
			//PRINT_EV(walk, link);
			//PRINT_EV(walk, invk);
			
			g_cur_ev = walk;
			
			if (walk != bev && walk->ft &&
			    walk->ft(mctx, sock, side, walk->ev, &walk->arg) == false) {
				ptr = g_evstack.sp;
				proceed = false;
				continue;
			}
			
			if (walk->cb)
				walk->cb(mctx, sock, side, walk->ev, &walk->arg);

			while (ptr < g_evstack.sp) {
				ptr++;
				TREE_INSERT_CHILD(walk, *ptr, invk);
			}
		}
		g_cur_ev = NULL;
		
		while ((ev = EVENT_STACK_POP(&g_evstack))) {
			ev->is_in_raiseq = false;
			TREE_DETACH(ev, invk);
		}

		if (!(events &= ~(1L << i))) {
			g_cur_stree = NULL;
			return;
		}
	}
	
	g_cur_stree = NULL;
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
mtcp_register_callback(mctx_t mctx, int sockid, event_t event,
					   int hook_point, callback_t callback)
{
	socket_map_t socket;
	stree_t **pstree;
	event_t root_event = event;
	tree_node_t *ev_node;

	/* (1) check if event variable is NULL
	 * (2) any event within the built-in event range should be 2^N
	 */
	if (event == MOS_NULL_EVENT ||
	    (event < (1L << NUM_BEV) && !POWER_OF_TWO(event)))
		return -1;

	/* for UDEs, retrieve the root built-in event */	
	if (root_event >= (1L << NUM_BEV)) {
		if ((ev_node = dforest_search(event)) == NULL)
			return -1;
		root_event = (ev_node)->link.tn_parent->ev;
		/* the root built-in event should not be NULL */
		if (root_event == MOS_NULL_EVENT)
			return -1;
	}

	/* check if there is any invalid event-hook mapping */
	if (hook_point == MOS_NULL) {
		if (root_event & (MOS_ON_CONN_START | MOS_ON_REXMIT |
					 MOS_ON_TCP_STATE_CHANGE | MOS_ON_CONN_END)) {
			errno = EINVAL;
			return -1;
		}
	} else if (hook_point == MOS_HK_RCV || hook_point == MOS_HK_SND) {
		if (root_event & (MOS_ON_CONN_NEW_DATA | MOS_ON_ORPHAN | MOS_ON_ERROR)) {
			errno = EINVAL;
			return -1;
		}
	} else {
		/* invalid hook point */
		errno = EINVAL;
		return -1;
	}
	
	mtcp_manager_t mtcp = GetMTCPManager(mctx);
	if (!mtcp)
		return -1;
	
	socket = &mtcp->msmap[sockid];
	
	if (socket->socktype == MOS_SOCK_MONITOR_STREAM_ACTIVE) {
		if (hook_point == MOS_NULL)
			pstree = &socket->monitor_stream->stree_dontcare;
		else if (hook_point == MOS_HK_RCV)
			pstree = &socket->monitor_stream->stree_pre_rcv;
		else if (hook_point == MOS_HK_SND)
			pstree = &socket->monitor_stream->stree_post_snd;
		else
			return -1;
		
	} else if (socket->socktype == MOS_SOCK_MONITOR_STREAM
		   || socket->socktype == MOS_SOCK_MONITOR_RAW) {
		if (hook_point == MOS_NULL)
			pstree = &socket->monitor_listener->stree_dontcare;
		else if (hook_point == MOS_HK_RCV)
			pstree = &socket->monitor_listener->stree_pre_rcv;
		else if (hook_point == MOS_HK_SND)
			pstree = &socket->monitor_listener->stree_post_snd;
		else
			return -1;
	} else {
		errno = EINVAL;
		return -1;
	}
	
	return ModCb(mtcp->ev_store, pstree, event, callback);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
mtcp_unregister_callback(mctx_t mctx, int sockid, event_t event,
			 int hook_point)
{
	return mtcp_register_callback(mctx, sockid, event, hook_point, NULL);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
inline void
HandleCallback(mtcp_manager_t mtcp, uint32_t hook, 
	       socket_map_t socket, int side, struct pkt_ctx *pctx, event_t events)
{
	struct sfbpf_program fcode;
	
	if (!socket)
		return;
	
	if (!events)
		return;
	assert(events);
	
	/* if client side monitoring is disabled, then skip */
	if (side == MOS_SIDE_CLI && socket->monitor_stream->client_mon == 0)
		return;
	/* if server side monitoring is disabled, then skip */
	else if (side == MOS_SIDE_SVR && socket->monitor_stream->server_mon == 0)
		return;
	
#define MSTRM(sock) (sock)->monitor_stream
#define MLSNR(sock) (sock)->monitor_listener
	/* We use `?:` notation instead of `if/else` to make `evp` as const */
	stree_t * const stree =
		(socket->socktype == MOS_SOCK_MONITOR_STREAM_ACTIVE) ?
		((hook == MOS_HK_RCV) ? MSTRM(socket)->stree_pre_rcv :
		 (hook == MOS_HK_SND) ? MSTRM(socket)->stree_post_snd :
		 MSTRM(socket)->stree_dontcare)
		: (socket->socktype == MOS_SOCK_MONITOR_STREAM)
		|| (socket->socktype == MOS_SOCK_MONITOR_RAW) ?
		((hook == MOS_HK_RCV) ? MLSNR(socket)->stree_pre_rcv :
		 (hook == MOS_HK_SND) ? MLSNR(socket)->stree_post_snd :
		 MLSNR(socket)->stree_dontcare) :
		NULL;
	
	if (!stree)
		return;
	
	/* mtcp_bind_monitor_filter() 
	   - BPF filter is evaluated only for RAW socket and PASSIVE
	   socket (= orphan filter)
	   - stream syn filter is moved to and evaluated on socket creation
	*/
	if (socket->socktype == MOS_SOCK_MONITOR_STREAM) {
		fcode = MLSNR(socket)->stream_orphan_fcode;
		/* if not match with filter, return */
		if (ISSET_BPFFILTER(fcode) && pctx && EVAL_BPFFILTER(fcode, 
		    (uint8_t *)pctx->p.iph - sizeof(struct ethhdr), 
	        pctx->p.ip_len + sizeof(struct ethhdr)) == 0)
			return;
	}
	if (socket->socktype == MOS_SOCK_MONITOR_RAW) {
		fcode = MLSNR(socket)->raw_pkt_fcode;
		/* if not match with filter, return */
		if (ISSET_BPFFILTER(fcode) && pctx && EVAL_BPFFILTER(fcode, 
		    (uint8_t *)pctx->p.iph - sizeof(struct ethhdr), 
	        pctx->p.ip_len + sizeof(struct ethhdr)) == 0)
			return;
	}
	
	mctx_t const mctx = g_ctx[mtcp->ctx->cpu];
	mtcp->pctx = pctx; /* for mtcp_getcurpkt() */
	
	HandleCb(mctx, socket->id, side, stree, events);
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#endif