fix(cli): allow chained Metro resolvers to resolve when the predecessor resolvers throw a Metro resolution error. (#20704)

# Why

Reimplements #19874 but with tests and proper checking.

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fix(cli): allow chained Metro resolvers to resolve when the predecessor resolvers throw a Metro resolution error. (#20704)

# Why

Reimplements #19874 but with tests and proper checking.

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Please describe the motivation for this PR, and link to relevant GitHub
issues, forums posts, or feature requests.
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# How

- When a metro resolver throws a metro resolution error, we should
attempt to resolve using the next resolver in the chain.
- Added debug logs so users can examine the progress.
- Added tests for all known cases.

Co-authored-by: Expo Bot <[email protected]>

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